HSE管理体系建设推进工作方法探索

简述了长庆钻井总公司HSE管理体系发展的历程及业绩,分析了HSE体系建设与运行中存在的矛盾和面临的问题,重点论述了"人人参与、鼓励创新、评先选优、相互监督、查患纠违、自我成长、常砺常新"7种实用方法和"工作安全分析、观察与沟通、作业许可、HSE个人行动计划"等风险控制新工具,对HSE管理体系建设和推进具有长效机制作用。     

快速消解分光光度法测定化学耗氧量的研究

使用DRB200数字式消解器、DR/2400便携式分光光度计,测定水中化学需氧量,不同的消解时间对测定值的影响,用COD标准溶液对实际样品的测定进行校核试验,其精密度、准确度和加标回收效果理想.     

Electrochemical dechlorination of chloroform in neutral aqueous solution on palladium/foam-nickel and palladium/polymeric pyrrole film/foam-nickel electrodes

Electrochemical dechlorination of chloroform in neutral aqueous solution was investigated using palladium-loaded electrodes at ambient temperature. Palladium/foam-nickel （Pd/foam-Ni） and palladium/polymeric pyrrole film/foam-nickel （Pd/PPy/foam-Ni） composite electrodes which provided catalytic surface for reductive dechlorination of chloroform in aqueous solution were prepared using an electrodepositing method. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） micrographs showed that polymeric pyrrole film modified the electrode-surface characteristics and resulted in the uniform dispersion of needle-shaped palladium particles on foam-Ni supporting electrode. The experimental results of dechlorination indicated that the removal efficiency of chloroform and current efficiency in neutral aqueous solution on Pd/PPy/foam-Ni electrode could be up to 36.8% and 33.0% at dechlorination current of 0.1 mA and dechlorination time of 180 min, which is much higher than that of Pd/foam-Ni electrode.     

Photoreductive degradation of sulfur hexafluoride in the presence of styrene

Sulfur hexafluoride （SF6） is known as one of the most powerful greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Reductive photodegradation of SF6 by styrene has been studied with the purpose of developing a novel remediation for sulfur hexafluoride pollution. Effects of reaction conditions on the destruction and removal efficiency （DRE） of SF6 are examined in this study. Both initial styrene-to-SF6 ratio and initial oxygen concentration exert a significant influence on DRE. SF6 removal efficiency reaches a maximum value at the initial styrene-to-SF6 ratio of 0.2. It is found that DRE increases with oxygen concentration over the range of 0 to 0.09 mol/m^3 and then decreases with increasing oxygen concentration. When water vapor is fed into the gas mixture, DRE is slightly enhanced over the whole studied time scale. The X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy （XPS） analysis, together with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） analysis, prove that nearly all the initial fluorine residing in the gas phase is in the form of SiF4, whereas, the initial sulfur is deposited in the form of elemental sulfur, after photodegradation. Free from toxic byproducts, photodegradation in the presence of styrene may serve as a promising technique for SF6 abatement.     

电磁环境数据采集及实验室模拟技术研究

对电磁环境数据采集技术和实验室模拟技术进行了介绍和分析,并结合混响室技术对MIL-STD-464A给出的舰船甲板上工作的外部电磁环境(200 MHz～4.2 GHz)进行了实验室模拟.结果表明,现有的测试仪器能够模拟出MIL-STD-464A中的强射频环境.     

再生聚丙烯增韧改性研究

对回收聚丙烯（RPP）进行增韧改性,制备回收聚丙烯,回收胶粉（RPP/WRP）和回收聚丙烯／热塑性弹性体POE（RPP／POE）共混材料,研究两种共混材料的韧性、力学、热、流变性能和形态。结果表明,RPP／WRP改性体系有较好的韧性和耐热性,较高的硬度,属于假塑性流体,回收胶粉可以部分替代POE作为某些制品的增韧剂。     

江苏省中小企业实施节能减排的现状及必要性探讨

分析了江苏省中小企业节能减排的现状及存在问题,阐述了江苏省中小企业节能减排的有利及不利因素、现行节能减排形势以及开展节能减排的必要性.提出加强中小企业节能减排是落实科学发展观、促进人与自然和谐发展,以及中小企业自身生存发展的客观需要.     

常见有机物对催化臭氧化降解水中硝基苯的影响

考察了有机物甲醛、甲醇、甲酸和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯对单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化工艺去除水中硝基苯降解效果的影响规律.单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化对硝基苯的去除率随着甲醛浓度的升高(0～12 mg·L-1)分别降低了11.6%和9.6%;2种工艺对硝基苯的去除率都随着甲醇浓度的增加(0～16mg·L-1,)先增高再降低,单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化分别在浓度为2 mg·L-1和4 mg·L-1时去除率达到最大值;随着甲酸浓度的增加(0～8 mg·L-1)去除率也都先增高再降低,单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化分别在浓度为0.5 mg·L-1和2 mg·L-1时去除率达到最大值;低浓度的甲醇和甲酸促进了硝基苯的降解,高浓度的甲醇和甲酸抑制了硝基苯的降解.单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯浓度增加(0～10 mg·L-1)的情况下对硝基苯的去除率分别降低了19.7%和18.6%.     

改性膨润土作为反应型材料的双层防渗层性能研究

通过静态实验对粘性土、450℃高温焙烧膨润土和双阳离子有机膨润土吸附垃圾渗滤液中污染物的能力进行对比,并以新鲜垃圾渗滤液为对象,对粘性土/450℃高温焙烧膨润土双层防渗层和黏性土/双阳离子有机膨润土双层防渗层的防渗性能和截污能力进行研究.结果显示,黏性土、450℃高温焙烧膨润土和双阳离子有机膨润土对垃圾渗滤液中污染物的吸附平衡时间均为24 h; 450℃高温焙烧膨润土和双阳离子有机膨润土对垃圾渗滤液中COD和NH+4的吸附作用均大于黏性土.同时, 2种双层防渗层的渗透系数分别能达到1.31×10^-8 cm·s^-1和2.80×10^-8 cm·s^-1;黏性土/450℃高温焙烧膨润土双层防渗层对于NH+4有较强的吸附能力,而黏性土/双阳离子有机膨润土双层防渗层对有机污染物质有很强的吸附能力,对COD的衰减率比前者高出33.82%.故针对垃圾填埋场不同污染物类型的差异可以选择不同改性膨润土作为反应型材料构建双层防渗层模式.     

Electrochemical incineration of dimethyl phthalate by anodic oxidation with boron-doped diamond electrode

The anodic oxidation of aqueous solutions containing dimethyl phthalate (DMP) up to 125 mg/L with sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) as supporting electrolyte within the pH range 2.0–10.0 was studied using a one-compartment batch reactor employing a boron-doped diamond (BDD) as anode. Electrolyses were carried out at constant current density (1.5–4.5 mA/cm2). Complete mineralization was always achieved owing to the great concentration of hydroxyl radical (.OH) generated at the BDD surface. The e ects of pH, apparent current density and initial DMP concentration on the degradation rate of DMP, the specific charge required for its total mineralization and mineralization current e ciency were investigated systematically. The mineralization rate of DMP was found to be pH-independent and to increase with increasing applied current density. Results indicated that this electrochemical process was subjected, at least partially, to the mass transfer of organics onto the BDD surface. Kinetic analysis of the temporal change of DMP concentration during electrolysis determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) revealed that DMP decay under all tested conditions followed a pseudo first-order reaction. Aromatic intermediates and generated carboxylic acids were identified by Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and a general pathway for the electrochemical incineration of DMP on BDD was proposed.