UASB+SBR工艺处理啤酒废水的研究

江苏某啤酒厂在工艺改造的过程中,采用UASB+SBR工艺进行啤酒废水处理,经工程实际运行表明,处理后的废水达到了国家一级排放标准,同时可以实现工业废弃物的资源化再生利用.     

再生聚丙烯增韧改性研究

对回收聚丙烯（RPP）进行增韧改性,制备回收聚丙烯,回收胶粉（RPP/WRP）和回收聚丙烯／热塑性弹性体POE（RPP／POE）共混材料,研究两种共混材料的韧性、力学、热、流变性能和形态。结果表明,RPP／WRP改性体系有较好的韧性和耐热性,较高的硬度,属于假塑性流体,回收胶粉可以部分替代POE作为某些制品的增韧剂。     

江苏省中小企业实施节能减排的现状及必要性探讨

分析了江苏省中小企业节能减排的现状及存在问题,阐述了江苏省中小企业节能减排的有利及不利因素、现行节能减排形势以及开展节能减排的必要性.提出加强中小企业节能减排是落实科学发展观、促进人与自然和谐发展,以及中小企业自身生存发展的客观需要.     

常见有机物对催化臭氧化降解水中硝基苯的影响

考察了有机物甲醛、甲醇、甲酸和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯对单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化工艺去除水中硝基苯降解效果的影响规律.单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化对硝基苯的去除率随着甲醛浓度的升高(0～12 mg·L-1)分别降低了11.6%和9.6%;2种工艺对硝基苯的去除率都随着甲醇浓度的增加(0～16mg·L-1,)先增高再降低,单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化分别在浓度为2 mg·L-1和4 mg·L-1时去除率达到最大值;随着甲酸浓度的增加(0～8 mg·L-1)去除率也都先增高再降低,单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化分别在浓度为0.5 mg·L-1和2 mg·L-1时去除率达到最大值;低浓度的甲醇和甲酸促进了硝基苯的降解,高浓度的甲醇和甲酸抑制了硝基苯的降解.单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯浓度增加(0～10 mg·L-1)的情况下对硝基苯的去除率分别降低了19.7%和18.6%.     

改性膨润土作为反应型材料的双层防渗层性能研究

通过静态实验对粘性土、450℃高温焙烧膨润土和双阳离子有机膨润土吸附垃圾渗滤液中污染物的能力进行对比,并以新鲜垃圾渗滤液为对象,对粘性土/450℃高温焙烧膨润土双层防渗层和黏性土/双阳离子有机膨润土双层防渗层的防渗性能和截污能力进行研究.结果显示,黏性土、450℃高温焙烧膨润土和双阳离子有机膨润土对垃圾渗滤液中污染物的吸附平衡时间均为24 h; 450℃高温焙烧膨润土和双阳离子有机膨润土对垃圾渗滤液中COD和NH+4的吸附作用均大于黏性土.同时, 2种双层防渗层的渗透系数分别能达到1.31×10^-8 cm·s^-1和2.80×10^-8 cm·s^-1;黏性土/450℃高温焙烧膨润土双层防渗层对于NH+4有较强的吸附能力,而黏性土/双阳离子有机膨润土双层防渗层对有机污染物质有很强的吸附能力,对COD的衰减率比前者高出33.82%.故针对垃圾填埋场不同污染物类型的差异可以选择不同改性膨润土作为反应型材料构建双层防渗层模式.     

Electrochemical incineration of dimethyl phthalate by anodic oxidation with boron-doped diamond electrode

The anodic oxidation of aqueous solutions containing dimethyl phthalate (DMP) up to 125 mg/L with sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) as supporting electrolyte within the pH range 2.0–10.0 was studied using a one-compartment batch reactor employing a boron-doped diamond (BDD) as anode. Electrolyses were carried out at constant current density (1.5–4.5 mA/cm2). Complete mineralization was always achieved owing to the great concentration of hydroxyl radical (.OH) generated at the BDD surface. The e ects of pH, apparent current density and initial DMP concentration on the degradation rate of DMP, the specific charge required for its total mineralization and mineralization current e ciency were investigated systematically. The mineralization rate of DMP was found to be pH-independent and to increase with increasing applied current density. Results indicated that this electrochemical process was subjected, at least partially, to the mass transfer of organics onto the BDD surface. Kinetic analysis of the temporal change of DMP concentration during electrolysis determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) revealed that DMP decay under all tested conditions followed a pseudo first-order reaction. Aromatic intermediates and generated carboxylic acids were identified by Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and a general pathway for the electrochemical incineration of DMP on BDD was proposed.     

Characteristic of emissive spectrum and the removal of nitric oxide in N2/O2/NO plasma with argon additive

Although the approach using non-thermal plasma (NTP) for deNOx has been studied for over 15 years,how to achieve higher removal efficiency with lower cost is still a barrier for its industrial application.In order to investigate the impact of the argon additive on the electron density,energy and the nitric oxide reduction process in plasma,the spectrum of the dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure in a coaxial reactor was measured using the monochromater with high resolution and the comparative experiments for NO reduction were carried out simultaneously in the N2/O2/NO plasma stream with and without argon,respectively.The nitrogen molecular spectrum which is attributed to the energy level transition (C3πu→B3πg ) was compared in the wavelength range 300-480 nm and the electron density and temperature were determined by the calculation based on the relative intensities and Stark broadening width of spectral lines.The spectrum results indicated that the argon additive could enhance the intensity of emissive spectrum of plasma,thus the electron concentration as well as the energy was increased,and finally prompted the ionization rate to produce active N,O and O3.The results of NO reduction showed that the NO conversion efficiency increased in the range of 10%-30% with 5% addition of argon in stream comparing with the condition without argon additive.This study will play a positive role in the industrial application of dielectric barrier discharge deNOx reactor.     

青岛市连续天气过程中不同气溶胶浓度特征对比分析

利用青岛市沙尘暴监测站GRIMM180颗粒物监测仪采集到的质量浓度和数浓度数据,结合2008年5月27～28日天气系统演变进行气溶胶定性分类,对海雾气溶胶、清洁气溶胶、浮尘气溶胶的浓度进行对比分析.结果表明,①清洁气溶胶、海雾气溶胶、浮尘气溶胶的总质量浓度有明显差异;②海雾气溶胶以1～2.5μm粒子的滞留最明显,清洁气溶胶中1μm的粒子贡献率最大,浮尘气溶胶则以2.5～10μm的颗粒物级数增加最具代表性,不同气溶胶相应大小粒子的质量浓度贡献率之比明显不同;③降水系统对0.6μm较大的粒子有明显的清除作用,对0.6μm的数浓度有增大作用;④1μm尤其是0.6μm的粒子处于天气系统前部到达潮湿空气时有特殊的活化现象;⑤不同粒径尺度的粒子数浓度随气溶胶性质的转变呈现不同的模态.     

氮输入对三江湿地小叶章不同生长阶段土壤产生CH_4能力的影响

在小叶章(Deyeuxia angustifolia)不同生长阶段,用室内鲜土培养法对土壤CH4的产生能力进行了研究.结果表明,氮输入后,植物各生长阶段的土壤CH4产生率均随时间的推移发生了明显的波动.从生长季(6月7日～8月24日)CH4产生率均值来看,不同氮输入水平对土壤CH4产生起促进作用;不同氮输入水平对植物不同生长阶段CH4产生率影响明显.第一(6月7日～7月2日)、第二(7月2日～7月20日)阶段适量的氮输入(6g.m-2)对CH4产生起促进作用,但过量氮输入(12g.m-2)会对CH4产生起抑制作用;而第三(7月20日～8月7日)、第四(8月7日～8月24日)阶段不同氮输入均对CH4产生起促进作用;氮输入后,土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、土壤微生物量氮(MBN)、土壤基础呼吸(BR)、土壤代谢熵(qCO2)、土壤诱导呼吸(SIR)、铵态氮(NH4+-N)、硝态氮(NO3--N)和植物地上生物量与土壤CH4产生的动态关系存在差异.土壤CH4产生与qCO2呈显著正相关(p0.01),与土壤MBN、TOC和地上生物量呈显著正相关(p0.05).     

铜离子选择性电极法研究腐殖酸与铜离子络合的影响因素

采用铜离子选择电极法在不同pH值、离子强度、铜离子浓度条件下测定水样中溶解态腐殖酸与铜离子的络合率,探讨主要因素对络合作用的影响。研究结果表明:随着pH的增大,腐殖酸对Cu2+的络合量总体增大,在实验条件下,络合率可超过94%。溶液中铜离子浓度的增加也会使络合率呈现上升趋势,而溶液中离子强度的增加反而使络合量减少。