多元线性回归模型在长春市水资源承载力变动中的应用

以水资源的供需关系作为衡量水资源承载力是否超负荷的依据,利用统计资料,分析了长春市水资源现状.以水资源利用量为因变量,采用主成分分析方法在GDP、工业总产值、总人口数、工业需水量和农业需水量等9个与水资源利用量密切相关的指标中筛选出GDP和农业人口2个因子作为自变量,利用多元线性回归分析模型,通过对GDP和农业人口的增长预测了未来10年长春市水资源需求量变化.结果表明,未来10年长春市水资源供需矛盾十分突出,水资源承载力超负荷,水资源无法维持经济和社会的正常发展.根据长春市水资源的形势,从开源、节流和管理等几方面提出了水资源的可持续利用对策.     

实施清洁生产走新型工业化道路的探讨

实施清洁生产是实现可持续发展战略的需要，是控制环境污染的重要手段，是促进循环经济、资源高效利用和循环再利用的有效途径，是促进经济发展，走新型工业化道路的必然选择。     

榆林地区能源基地建设水资源保证程度及供水措施

榆林地区是我国重要的能源基地，水资源贫乏是影响该地区工业发展的重要因素。本文通过对区内水资源及其开发利用条件、供需平衡分析后认为，只要兴建水库，调节径流及加强污水处理，增加区域供水能力，区内水资源可以基本满足近阶段经济发展的用水需求。     

化粪池的管理与环境污染

化粪池作为一种污水局部处理的构筑物而被普遍采用,而能有效运行的仅占36%,大量未达标污水排入水体,对城市水环境必然造成严重污染,不利于城市的可持续性发展与繁荣,建议实行"特许经营",政府要切实转变职能,增强服务意识,对特许经营者进行监督管理.     

Ф2450型煤气发生炉爆炸事故分析

针对一起煤气发生炉爆炸事故。从煤气发生炉结构、布置、管理、运行等方面对爆炸事故原因进行了技术分析及探讨。     

催化柴油加氢改质研究

采用一种双功能催化剂对硫，氮，芳烃含量较高的劣质催化裂化柴油（PCC－LCO）进行加氢改质，可以大幅度地提高柴油的十六烷值，并且能够保主柴油馏分的收率大于95v%.     

废水中GaAs、Ga~(3+)、Ge~(4+)对活性污泥脱氢酶的影响及其抑制动力学

以活性污泥脱氢酶的活性作为毒性指标,研究了半导体材料GaAs、Ga~(3+)、Ge~(4+)对活性污泥活性的抑制影响,并用Hg~(2+)作为参比材料;同时对抑制动力学也作了初步研究。实验表明,GaAs、Ga~(3+)、Ge~(4+)及Hg~(2+)的10％抑制浓度分别为45.00,371.63,0.13ppm/gMLSS,GaAs、Ga~(3+)、Ge~(4+)和Hg~(2+)在浓度分别为180,700,250和1.25ppm/g MLSS时的抑制常数分别为1.30×10~(-3),7.05×10~(-3),6.12×10~(-3)和5.49×10~(-3)mmol,且其抑制类型均属可逆非竞争性抑制。     

土壤中麦草灵残留的固相萃取—高效液相色谱测定

土壤中麦草灵用酸性乙醇提取，采用固相萃取技术用Ｓｅｐ－Ｐａｋ Ｃ１８柱净化浓缩，以反相离子抑制高效液相色谱分离测定，方法简便、快速、在土壤中的检出下限为０．０４ｍｇ·ｋｇ＾－１回收率范围在８３．８－８５．８％之间。     

Influence of methanol on retention of hydrophobic organic chemicals in soil leaching column chromatography

The influence of methanol in methanol-water mixed eluents on the capacity factor (k'), an important parameter which could depict leaching potential of hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) in soil leaching column chromatography (SLCC), was investigated. Two reference soils, GSE 17201 obtained from Bayer Landwirtschaftszentrum, Monheim, Germany and SP 14696 from LUFA, Spencer, Germany, were used as packing materials in soil columns, and isocratic elution with methanol-water mixtures at different volume fractions of methanol (phi) were tested. Short-term exposure of the column (packed with the GSE 17201 soil) to the eluents increased solute retention by a certain (23% log-unit) degree evaluated through a correlation with the retention on the same soil column but unpreconditioned by methanol-containing eluents. Long-term exposure of soil columns to the eluents did not influence the solute retention. A log-linear equation, log k' = log k'(w) - S(phi), could well and generally describe the retention of HOCs in SLCC. For the compounds of homologous series, logk'(w) had good linear relationship with S, indicating the hydrophobic partition mechanism existing in the retention process.     

Air quality and health benefits from potential coal power plant closures in Texas

As power production from renewable energy and natural gas grows, closures of some coal-fired power plants in Texas become increasingly likely. In this study, the potential effects of such closures on air quality and human health were analyzed by linking a regional photochemical model with a health impacts assessment tool. The impacts varied significantly across 13 of the state’s largest coal-fired power plants, sometimes by more than an order of magnitude, even after normalizing by generation. While some power plants had negligible impacts on concentrations at important monitors, average impacts up to 0.5 parts per billion (ppb) and 0.2 µg/m³ and maximum impacts up to 3.3 ppb and 0.9 µg/m³ were seen for ozone and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), respectively. Individual power plants impacted average visibility by up to 0.25 deciviews in Class I Areas. Health impacts arose mostly from PM_2.5 and were an order of magnitude higher for plants that lack scrubbers for SO₂. Rankings of health impacts were largely consistent across the base model results and two reduced form models. Carbon dioxide emissions were relatively uniform, ranging from 1.00 to 1.26 short tons/MWh, and can be monetized based on a social cost of carbon. Despite all of these unpaid externalities, estimated direct costs of each power plant exceeded wholesale power prices in 2016.

Implications: While their CO₂ emission rates are fairly similar, sharply different NO_x and SO₂ emission rates and spatial factors cause coal-fired power plants to vary by an order of magnitude in their impacts on ozone, particulate matter, and associated health and visibility outcomes. On a monetized basis, the air pollution health impacts often exceed the value of the electricity generated and are of similar magnitude to climate impacts. This suggests that both air pollution and climate should be considered if externalities are used to inform decision making about power-plant dispatch and retirement.