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721.
Paola Russo Paul R. Amyotte Faisal I. Khan Almerinda Di Benedetto 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2013,26(6):1634-1638
The effect of size on the severity of explosions involving flocculent materials has been simulated by means of a model previously developed for spherical particles and here extended to the cylindrical geometry of flock. The model consists of the identification of the regime (internal and external heating, pyrolysis/devolatilization reaction, and volatiles combustion) controlling the explosion by the evaluation of dimensionless numbers (Bi, Da, Th and Pc) and then of the estimation of the deflagration index as a function of flocculent size. The model has been validated by means of explosion data of polyamide 6.6 (nylon) at varying diameter and length. The comparison between model and experimental data show a fairly good agreement. 相似文献
722.
Ming Yang Faisal I. Khan Rehan Sadiq Paul Amyotte 《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2013,91(3):172-182
Environmental decision-making in offshore oil and gas (OOG) operations can be extremely complex due to conflicting objectives or criteria, availability of vague and uncertain information, and interdependency among multiple decision-makers. Most existing studies ignore conflicting preferences and strategic interactions among decision-makers. This paper presents a game theoretical approach to solve multi-criteria conflict resolution problem under constrained and uncertain environments. Uncertainties in the quantification of imprecise data are expressed using rough numbers. A multi-criteria game is developed to model a decision problem in which three groups of decision-makers (i.e., operators, regulators and service engineers) are involved. This game is solved using the generalized maximin solution concept. With the solution (i.e., optimal weights of the criteria), the rough numbers can be aggregated to an expected payoff for each alternative. Finally, the weights of upper and lower limits of a rough number are employed to transform the expected payoff into a crisp score, based on which all alternatives are ranked to identify the best one. A numerical example is outlined to demonstrate the application of the proposed method to the selection of management scenarios of drilling wastes. 相似文献
723.
A.Z.M.Manzoor Rashid Donna Craig Michael I.Jeffery Niaz Ahmed Khan 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2013,11(4):345-351
In the context of renewed interest in collaboration in natural resource management,the collaborative governance approach has lately been introduced to the forest Protected Areas(PAs)in Bangladesh.The adoption of this co-management approach is seen as an attempt to influence the governance process towards a transformation from the conventional custodian system to a more participatory management regime.Recognition of rights and responsibilities,effective participation,and equitable distribution of benefits amongst the key stakeholders working under a facilitative policy and legal framework are believed to address the broader goals of sustainable development Notwithstanding the resurgence of interest in governance of forest PAs through the co-management approach,academic research on the subject remains limited.This article attempts to review selected key information and milestones on the forest PAs governance with special reference to the major policies and legal documents.With a brief introductory section,this article focuses on the genesis and selected major features of the Forest PAs in the country.The discussion then dwells on the policy and legal framework and provides a critique on its relevance for promoting community participation.The existing institutional arrangements for community engagement in protected area governance are also analyzed in light of the national and international commitment and policy obligations on the part of the country.The salient observations and key findings of the study include the following:(1)despite its limitations,comanagement as concept and practice has gradually taken roots in Bangladesh;(2)the degree and level of active community participation remain low and limited,and there is also clear weakness in conscientizing and orientating the local community on the key legal and policy issues related to PA governance in the country;and(3)policy makers,practitioners,and other local stakeholders related to PA governance need to be oriented on international commitment and national de 相似文献
724.
Human health risk assessments concerning arsenic are now estimating exposure through food in addition to exposure through drinking water. Intrinsic to this assessment is sample handling and preparation that maintains the arsenic species in the form that they occur in foods. We investigated the stability of three arsenolipids(two arsenic fatty acids, As FA-362 and As FA-388, and one arsenic hydrocarbon As HC-332), common constituents of fish and algae, relevant to sample storage and transport, and to their preparation for quantitative measurements. The fate of the arsenolipids was followed by high performance liquid chromatography/electrospray triple quadruple mass spectrometry(HPLC/ESIMS) analyses.Storage of the compounds dry as pure compounds or mixed in fish oil at up to 60?C did not result in significant changes to the compounds, although losses were observed by apparent adsorption onto the plastic walls of the polypropylene tubes. No losses occurred when the experiment was repeated with glass tubes. When the compounds were stored in ethanol for up to 15 days under acidic, neutral, or alkaline conditions(each at room temperature), no significant decomposition was observed, although esterification of the fatty acids occurred at low p H. The compounds were also stable during a sample preparation step involving passage through a small silica column. The results indicate that these typical arsenolipids are stable when stored in glass at temperatures up to 60?C for at least 2 days, and that,consequently, samples of food or extracts thereof can be transported dry at ambient temperatures, i.e. without the need for cool conditions. 相似文献
725.
Khan SJ Roser DJ Davies CM Peters GM Stuetz RM Tucker R Ashbolt NJ 《Environment international》2008,34(6):839-859
Commercial feedlots for beef cattle finishing are potential sources of a range of trace chemicals which have human health or environmental significance. To ensure adequate protection of human and environmental health from exposure to these chemicals, the application of effective manure and effluent management practices is warranted. The Australian meat and livestock industry has adopted a proactive approach to the identification of best management practices. Accordingly, this review was undertaken to identify key chemical species that may require consideration in the development of guidelines for feedlot manure and effluent management practices in Australia. Important classes of trace chemicals identified include steroidal hormones, antibiotics, ectoparasiticides, mycotoxins, heavy metals and dioxins. These are described in terms of their likely sources, expected concentrations and public health or environmental significance based on international data and research. Androgenic hormones such as testosterone and trenbolone are significantly active in feedlot wastes, but they are poorly understood in terms of fate and environmental implications. The careful management of residues of antibiotics including virginiamycin, tylosin and oxytetracycline appears prudent in terms of minimising the risk of potential public health impacts from resistant strains of bacteria. Good management of ectoparasiticides including synthetic pyrethroids, macrocyclic lactones, fluazuron, and amitraz is important for the prevention of potential ecological implications, particularly towards dung beetles. Very few of these individual chemical contaminants have been thoroughly investigated in terms of concentrations, effects and attenuation in Australian feedlot wastes. 相似文献
726.
Dahari Nadhira Muda Khalida Latif Mohd Talib Dominick Doreena Hussein Norelyza Khan Md Firoz 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2022,44(10):3377-3393
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - The smaller particles that dominate the particle number concentration (PNC) in the ambient air only contribute to a small percentage of particulate matter... 相似文献
727.
Lyu Lu Khan Irfan Zakari Abdulrasheed Bilal 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(6):8464-8472
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Environmental sustainability is increasing emphasis on global environmental concerns at the forefront of public policy debate. This paper investigates... 相似文献
728.
Khan Muhammad Idrees Bouyahya Abdelhakim Hachlafi Naoufal E. L. Menyiy Naoual El Akram Muhammad Sultana Sabira Zengin Gokhan Ponomareva Lilya Shariati Mohammad Ali Ojo Oluwafemi Adeleke Dall’Acqua Stefano Elebiyo Tobiloba Christiana 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(17):24411-24444
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common and recurring diseases and the second leading cause of death in women. Despite prevention, diagnostics,... 相似文献
729.
Ejaz Abid Ahmad Kafeel Khan Zafar Iqbal Akhtar Shahzad Sultana Razia Nadeem Muhammad Hussain Muhammad Iftikhar Elshikh Mohamed S. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(23):34558-34574
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Present study was conducted to check the heavy metal content in wheat treated with municipal solid waste, Although municipal solid waste was enriched... 相似文献
730.
Rahman Md. Mominur Islam Md. Rezaul Shohag Sheikh Hossain Md. Emon Shah Muddaser shuvo Shakil khan Khan Hosneara Chowdhury Md. Arifur Rahman Bulbul Israt Jahan Hossain Md. Sarowar Sultana Sharifa Ahmed Muniruddin Akhtar Muhammad Furqan Saleem Ammara Rahman Md. Habibur 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(31):46527-46550
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - COVID-19, which is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has quickly spread over the world, posing a... 相似文献