对无伤害事故管理的探讨

无伤害事故由于没有造成伤害,往往被人们所忽视。事实上,事故的后果是具有随机性的,因此,在安全管理中,应重视对无伤害事故的管理,做好无伤害事故的收集、调查、分析、统计、处理和研究,从中找出事故规律,以采取防范措施,达到预防伤害事故发生的目的。     

炼油催化剂废渣污染及其防治的研究

对炼油厂裂化催化剂废渣和加氢精制催化剂渣的污染成分和污染状况进行了分析,结果表明,排放到大气中的裂化催化剂微粒含有０．５５％的Ｎｉ和０．１８％的Ｖ,已造成大气污染,裂化催化剂废渣经雨水淋洗后,其中部分Ｎｉ和Ｖ会进入水环境,造成污染。     

Picloram and napropamide sorption as affected by polymer addition and salt concentration

Polymer application to soil is a growing practice to improve soil physical properties and reduce soil erosion. Polymer addition can potentially influence herbicide and pesticide sorption in soil. The one-point distribution coefficient Kd values of two herbicides in the absence and presence of each of 10 polymers (7 polyacrylamides and 3 polysaccharides) were determined by the batch equilibrium method. The results showed that nonionic napropamide [2-(alpha-naphthoxy)-N,N-diethyl propionamide] sorption was essentially unaffected by the presence of any of the polymers. The influence of polymers on anionic picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) sorption depends on the charge characteristics of polymers and salt concentrations in the solution. Electrostatic interaction and competition for sorption sites are two primary underlying mechanisms for the polymer influence. At low salt concentration, the increased picloram sorption in the presence of both cationic and anionic polymers was attributed to different electrostatic interactions and polymer partitioning between soil and solution phases. At high salt levels, the presence of polymers had either no influence or a slightly negative influence on the picloram sorption, which was attributed to competition for sorption sites. In field conditions, it is more likely that polymers have no or a slightly negative influence on herbicide sorption due to the presence of salts.     

提高节理面c和φ对岩坡开挖变形的影响

为了反映岩质边坡在节理面注浆后的变形效应,首先,通过室内试验,分析注浆前后岩体变形和破坏的全过程,以探讨其抗剪性能(粘结力c和内摩擦角φ)的变化;然后,基于理想弹塑性本构模型的Mohr-Cou-lomb准则,运用拉格朗日元数值方法(FLAC3D),对岩坡注浆前后变形效应(水平位移、垂直位移、剪应变增量)进行模拟。结果表明:注浆加固后,岩体的位移场变得均匀和连续,节理面处的较大位移受到抑制,边坡的整体性得到提高,有利于边坡的稳定性。     

玉环电厂1 000 MW机组降低Nox排放的技术分析与环境评价

介绍了玉环电厂采用PM型燃烧器和MACT分级燃烧技术,降低了NOx生成量.预测不同负荷下的NOx排放浓度,对照《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》,分析玉环电厂的环境性能,为其他电厂降低NOx排放提供借鉴.     

略论清代自然资源的保护与利用

清代在水土资源、林木资源、矿产资源的保护与利用等方面采取了积极有效的措施，包括开垦土地、兴修水利、发展生态农业、植树造林、加强法制、设立环保机构等。     

Multiple interactions of hazard exposures, role stressors and situational factors, and burnout among nurses.

This was a cross-sectional study which looked into the interaction between situational factors, role stressors, hazard exposure and personal factors among 135 nurses in the Philippine General Hospital. More than half (58.5%) of the respondents reported being ill due to work in the past year, and 59.3% missed work because of an illness. Regression showed factors associated with burnout were organizational role stress, hazard exposure, self-efficacy, age, number of working years, illness in the past 12 months, migraine, dizziness, sleep disorder, cough and colds, and diarrhea. After multiple regression analysis, organizational role stress (p = .000), migraine (p = .001), age (p = .018) and illness in the past 12 months (p = .000) were found to be significant predictors of burnout. The contribution of the study is in advancing new concepts in the already existing framework of burnout, and thus, assisting nurses and hospital administration in on controlling this problem.     

The fragmentation patterns of maternal plasma cell-free DNA and its applications in non-invasive prenatal testing

The discovery of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in maternal plasma has opened up new promises for the development of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT). Application of cfDNA in NIPT of fetus diseases and abnormalities is restricted by the low amount of fetal DNA molecules in maternal plasma. Fetus-derived cfDNA in maternal plasma are shorter than maternal DNA, thus leveraging the maternal and fetus-derived cfDNA molecules size difference has become a novel and more accurate method for NIPT. However, multiple biological properties such as size distribution of plasma DNA, proportion of fetal-derived DNA and methylation levels in maternal plasma across different gestational ages still remain largely unknown. Further insights into the size distribution and fragmentation pattern of circulating plasma cfDNA will shed light on the origin and fragmentation mechanisms of cfDNA during physiological and pathological processes in prenatal diseases and enhance our ability to take the advantage of plasma cfDNA as a molecular diagnostic tool. In the review, we start by summarizing the research techniques for the determination of the fragmentation profiles of cfDNA in maternal plasma. We then summarize the main progress and findings in size profiles of maternal plasma cfDNA and cffDNA. Finally, we discuss the potential diagnostic applications of plasma cfDNA size profiling.