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171.
氧化石墨烯是一种表面有丰富含氧官能团的石墨烯衍生物,具有与石墨烯相似的二维蜂窝状晶格结构,从而导致了其具有电学、光学、力学特性和良好的生物相容性,被广泛应用于材料学、生物医学和药物传递等诸多领域。因氧化石墨烯日益增多的生产和使用,其在空气、水和土壤中大量积累,引发了人们对其生物安全性的高度关注。以微生物、陆生动植物和水生动植物为分类标准,综述了近几年氧化石墨烯对微生物、动物和植物的毒性影响,总结并分析了三者的毒性机理,比较了不同生存环境下其对动植物毒性影响的不同,旨在更加全面地揭示氧化石墨烯的生物安全性,为氧化石墨烯安全使用剂量和其功能化应用提供一定的参考。 相似文献
172.
The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the 10 important strategies of environmental management in China. The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the important strategies of environmental management in China. Based on the systematic collection of 1,195 energy conservation emission reduction policies, we discuss the influence of individual measure and measure synergy of energy conservation and emission reduction policies respectively. The results show that the energy conservation and emission reduction policies have a significant effect on the overall promotion of industrial upgrading. The financial measures and guidance measures have a positive impact; the financial measures and guidance measures have significantly positive effect; however, the administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures do the opposite; the positive effect of the synergy of guidance measures and financial measures is greater than the negative effect of considering only the synergy of fiscal tax measures and other economic measures, and significantly greater than the negative effect of the synergy of administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures. We should strengthen and emphasize the use of the measure that has positive effect on industrial structure restructuring and upgrading individually and synergistically. 相似文献
173.
Wu Boran Dai Xiaohu Chai Xiaoli 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(19):16263-16275
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The production of sewage sludge with the presence of various contaminants has been a serious issue for the operation of wastewater treatment plants on... 相似文献
174.
Cui Guangyu Lü Fan Zhang Hua Chai Honghui He Pinjing 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2023,25(2):694-697
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This NOTE summarizes process, practical case, and perspectives of intelligent bioconversion via insect (housefly larvae) for treating food waste... 相似文献
175.
176.
建设工程施工用电最大的特点是“临时”。施工现场是临时的,竣工后就转移;施工人员是临时的,不同工种轮番作业,工人流动性大;施工机具是临时的,不同的分部工程所用的设备、机具各有不同,用完就撤;甚至施工供电设施也是临时的,随着施工的进展,供电设施需要经常拆装移位。 相似文献
177.
178.
Hawthorne SB Chai Y Grabanski CB Davis JW Wilken M Martin GD Miller DJ Ghosh U 《Chemosphere》2012,88(3):261-269
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with pure carbon dioxide was performed at increasingly strong conditions to investigate differential binding of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in two impacted soils, in their sieved size fractions, and in small (a few mg) samples of industry-related waste products separated from impacted soil. The binding strengths of PCDD/Fs were shown to be different in the two soils, and in their different soil particle size fractions. As might be expected based on surface area considerations, one soil showed the strongest binding in the smallest (<5 μm) sieved fraction. However, the other soil showed the strongest binding in the larger sized fractions, possibly indicating that process-related particles could be controlling PCDD/F binding. Selective SFE of various types of particles including black carbon and charcoal (separated from soil), and from a suspected process anode residue did show different PCDD/F binding behavior ranging from quite weak binding (charcoal) to very strong binding (anode particles). Shifts to the stronger SFE fractions in the soils after activated carbon treatment agreed well with the decreases previously found in the uptake of PCDD/Fs by earthworms, as well as decreases in their freely-dissolved aqueous concentrations in soil/water slurries. These results show that, as previously demonstrated for PAHs and PCBs, selective SFE can be a useful tool to investigate differences in PCDD/F binding behaviors in impacted soils and sediments and their component parts, as well as a rapid tool for estimating the effectiveness of activated carbon treatments on decreasing the bioavailability of PCDD/Fs in soils and sediments. 相似文献
179.
镧改性活性炭纤维高效吸附去除对苯醌 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
水处理中稀土元素一般用于砷、磷等无机污染物的吸附去除,将稀土元素镧负载在活性炭纤维上,首次用于吸附去除水中的有机污染物对苯醌。研究发现,经0.01 mol/L的La(OH)3和超声处理的活性炭纤维吸附去除对苯醌的效率最高。改性活性炭纤维对对苯醌的吸附去除受p H的影响较大,在酸性和中性条件下的吸附效果较好。对吸附动力学数据进行线性和非线性模拟,结果表明,准二级动力学模型更适合描述吸附动力学过程。热力学研究表明,对苯醌在改性活性炭纤维(ACF-2)表面以单分子层吸附为主,经Langmuir吸附等温方程模拟,298 K时对苯醌在ACF-2上的最大吸附量为149.4 mg/g。同时,降低反应温度利于吸附去除对苯醌,表明该吸附过程为自发放热的反应过程。 相似文献
180.
Chengzhen Bao Pengfei Chai Hongbo Lin Zhenyu Zhang Zhenhua Ye Mengjia Gu 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2016,66(12):1202-1213
Recently, air pollution has attracted a substantial amount of attention in China, which can be influenced by a variety of factors, but the association between air pollution and human activity is not quite clear. Based on real-time online data (January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2014) of air pollution and meteorology reported by official sites, and demographic, economic, and environmental reform data in a statistical yearbook, the influences of meteorological factors (temperature, relative humidity, precipitation intensity, and wind force) and human activities on PM2.5 pollution were explored. After correlation analysis, logistic regression analysis, and a nonparametric test, weak negative correlations between temperature and PM2.5 pollution were found. In most cases, festival and morning peak hours were protection and risk factors of PM2.5 pollution, respectively. In addition, government actions, such as an afforestation project and increasing financial expenditure for energy saving and environmental protection, could greatly contribute to alleviating pollution of PM2.5. The findings could help officials formulate effective laws and regulations, and then PM2.5 pollution related to the pattern of human activity would be ameliorated.
Implications: Most of the time, festival and morning peak hours are protection and risk factors for PM2.5 pollution, respectively. Increasing the percentage of afforestation area and financial expenditure for energy saving and environmental protection could significantly reduce PM2.5 pollution. The findings can help officials formulate effective laws and regulations, and then PM2.5 pollution related to the pattern of human activity, especially government action, will be ameliorated. 相似文献