Spatial and temporal distribution of the cloud optical depth over China based on MODIS satellite data during 2003–2016

The cloud optical depth(COD) is one of the important parameters used to characterize atmospheric clouds. We analyzed the seasonal variations in the COD over East Asia in 2011 using cloud mode data from the AERONET(Aerosol Robotic Network) ground-based observational network. The applicability of the MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) COD product was verified and compared with the AERONET cloud mode dataset. There was a good correlation between the AERONET and the MODIS. The spatial and temporal distribution and trends in the COD over China were then analyzed using MODIS satellite data from 2003 to 2016. The seasonal changes in the AERONET data and the time sequence variation of the satellite data suggest that the seasonal variations in the COD are significant. The result shows that the COD first decreases and then increases with the season in northern China, and reaches the maximum in summer and minimum in winter.However, the spatial distribution change is just the opposite in southern China. The spatial variation trend shows the COD in China decreases first with time and gradually increases after 2014. And the trend of COD in the western and central China is consistent with that in China. While the trend of COD shows a continuously increasing over time in northeast China and the Pearl River Delta.     

腈纶二步法污水COD的综合治理

通过对大庆５万ｔ／ａ腈纶装置污水ＣＯＤ影响因素的全面分析，从装置技术改造，优化工艺操作，加强环保管理等入手，综合治理污水ＣＯＤ，减少环境的污染和能源的浪费，取得了一定的经济效益和社会效益。     

Heavy metals in soils and crops in Southeast Asia

In a reconnaissance soil geochemical and plant survey undertaken to study the heavy metal uptake by major food crops in Malaysia, 241 soils were analysed for cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic carbon (C), pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and available phosphorus (P) using appropriate procedures. These soils were also analysed for arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) using aqua regia digestion, together with 180 plant samples using nitric acid digestion. Regression analysis between the edible plant part and aqua regia soluble soil As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations sampled throughout Peninsular Malaysia, indicated a positive relationship for Pb in all the plants sampled in the survey (R ² = 0.195, p < 0.001), for Ni in corn (R ² = 0.649, p < 0.005), for Cu in chilli (R ² = 0.344, p < 0.010) and for Zn in chilli (R ² = 0.501, p < 0.001). Principal component analysis of the soil data suggested that concentrations of Co, Ni, Pb and Zn were strongly correlated with concentrations of Al and Fe, which is suggestive of evidence of background variations due to changes in soil mineralogy. Thus the evidence for widespread contamination of soils by these elements through agricultural activities is not strong. Chromium was correlated with soil pH and EC, Na, S, and Ca while Hg was not correlated with any of these components, suggesting diffuse pollution by aerial deposition. However As, Cd, Cu were strongly associated with organic matter and available and aqua regia soluble soil P, which we attribute to inputs in agricultural fertilisers and soil organic amendments (e.g. manures, composts).     

大气污染监测优化布点模型的研究

本文提出一套大气污染监测优化布点的模型。本模型只需要常规监测数据和常规气象数据以及污染源调查数据,通过对城市区域大气污染物浓度分布进行计算机模拟,利用我们建立的点位模型即可获得空间均值点、最大浓度点和趋势点,从而使得大气自动监测站的布设建立在比较科学的基础之上。全部模型在阜新市进行了成功的应用。     

运用电法勘探方法研究梁宝寺矿的浅层结构

梁宝寺煤矿是一个新建大型现代化矿井,实际揭露的地质及水文地质资料较少,在该矿井实施综合电法勘探-矿井高分辨率电测深和矿井音频电透视,解决了矿井地层、地质构造、水文地质等问题,较好地弥补了实际揭露的地质及水文地质资料较少的问题,为该矿安全生产提供了重要技术支持.     

中央空调净化系统的改进措施

介绍了室内空气净化技术及其特点。针对中央空调系统的特点，提出了将活性炭吸附技术、TiO2光催化技术与静电除尘技术结合的静电活性炭-TiO2光催化复合技术，这一组合技术可能成为今后空调系统空气净化系统重要的改进措施。     

Composition and element solubility of magnetic and non-magnetic fly ash fractions

Magnetic and non-magnetic fractions of coal fly ashes from SE US electric power plants were characterized with special emphasis on the potential environmental consequences of their terrestrial disposal. Quartz and mullite were the crystalline minerals dominating the non-magnetic fractions. Magnetic fractions contained magnetite, hematite, and, to a lesser extent, quartz and mullite. Chemical analyses revealed that magnetic fractions had about 10 times higher concentrations of Fe, and 2-4 times higher concentrations of Co, Ni, and Mn. Non-magnetic fractions were enriched in K, Al and Ca. Iron content within fly ash particles was negatively correlated with elements associated with aluminosilicate matrix (Si, Al, K, Na). Solubility of most elements was higher in the non-magnetic than in the magnetic fractions of alkaline fly ashes at comparable pH. Calcium was associated with the non-magnetic fraction of the alkaline fly ashes which resulted in a higher pH buffering capacity of this fraction.     

外源重金属Cu、Cd对红树林沉积物酶活性的影响

采用外源添加重金属室内恒温培养实验研究了Cu、Cd对三亚河红树林沉积物脲酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性的影响.结果表明,Cu能够抑制红树林沉积物脲酶和蔗糖酶活性,Cd对脲酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性均能产生抑制作用.Cu与Cd复合污染对脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性表现为独立作用,对蔗糖酶表现为协同作用.培养前期,重金属处理沉积物酶活性逐渐降低,后期趋于稳定.重金属对光滩沉积物酶活性的抑制效果最强,其次是林缘沉积物,对林内沉积物酶活性的抑制作用较弱.