树脂负载α-FeOOH异相光Fenton降解水中己烷雌酚

以Amberlite200树脂为载体,在Fe(NO3)3-HNO3体系中恒温水解制备了负载型催化剂α-FeOOH/Resin,以己烷雌酚(HEX)为目标化合物,研究了α-FeOOH/Resin的异相Fenton催化性能.结果表明,α-FeOOH/Resin异相Fenton反应能够有效降解水中的HEX,紫外光和H2O2的协同作用很大程度地提高了降解效率;pH值的降低或初始H2O2浓度的提高,均能增加HEX的降解速率;在中性条件下,HEX的光Fenton降解过程中,溶出的铁元素对降解贡献不大,异相Fenton反应起主导作用;催化剂重复使用后仍具有较好的催化活性和机械强度,说明铁在其表面负载牢固,催化剂具有一定的实用性.     

建筑物火灾事故致因及路径分析

为有效预防和遏制建筑火灾事故的发生,基于事故致因“2-4”模型(24 Model),统计 58起建筑物火灾事故,分析导致建筑物火灾事故频发的个人和组织层面因素与事故演变路径,构建建筑物火灾发生路径图。结果表明:导致建筑物火灾的直接原因中,发生频率较高的是行为人违章违规操作、监管责任落实不到位和生产场所设计不符合紧急疏散要求;间接原因包括不安全动作行为人和组织管理者的安全知识、意识、习惯存在问题,发生频率分别为75.86%、84.48%、56.90%;根本原因中安全生产责任制、火灾隐患排查治理制度和安全培训制度等缺失发生频率均在85%以上;根源原因中发生频率最高的是安全相对重要程度较低以及安全生产主体责任理解不到位。     

One-step synthesis of Cu(II) metal–organic gel as recyclable material for rapid, efficient and size selective cationic dyes adsorption

Efficient removal of non-biodegradable and hazardous dyes from wastewater remains a hot research topic. Herein, a rationally designed a Cu(Ⅱ)-based metal–organic gel(Cu-MOG) with a nanoporous 3 D network structure prepared via a simple one-step mixing method was successfully employed for the removal of cationic dyes. The Cu-MOG exhibited high efficiency, with an adsorption capacity of up to 650.32 mg/g, and rapid adsorption efficiency, with the ability to adsorb 80% of Neutral Red within 1 min. The high adsorption efficiency was attributed to its large specific surface area, which enabled it to massively bind cationic dyes through electrostatic interaction, and a nanoporous structure that promoted intra-pore diffusion. Remarkably, the Cu-MOG displayed size-selective adsorption, based on adsorption studies concerning dyes of different sizes as calculated by density functional theory. Additionally, the adsorption performance of the Cu-MOG still maintained removal efficiency of 100% after three regeneration cycles. These results suggested that the Cu-MOG could be expected to be a promising and competitive candidate to conveniently process wastewater.     

地铁区间隧道竖井送风有效风量研究

为得到地铁区间隧道竖井送风有效风量的无量纲计算模型,通过推导地铁区间隧道竖井送风有效风量的无量纲公式,并采用数值模拟方法明确竖井送风有效风量与火源功率、火源距离、阻塞比和竖井送风量之间的量化关系.结果表明:火源功率、火源距离与竖井送风有效风量之间不存在函数关系;阻塞比对竖井送风有效风量影响显著,随着阻塞比的增大,有效风...     

华中地区冬季灰霾天气下PM2.5中重金属污染特征及健康风险评价:以湖北黄冈为例

为探究华中地区灰霾天PM_2.5中重金属元素的污染特征及其潜在健康风险,于2018年1月13~24日对华中区域观测点——黄冈站点加密采集PM_2.5样品.采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）对PM_2.5中Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Sn和Pb进行分析,通过富集因子法对其污染特征进行探讨,并采用美国环保署推荐的暴露模型对其潜在风险进行评估.结果表明,观测期间PM_2.5中Zn质量浓度最高,致癌物质As、Cd质量浓度均高于我国环境空气质量标准（GB 3095-2012）的二级标准限值,70%的元素质量浓度在灰霾中期占比最大.富集因子分析显示,Cd、Sn、Co、Pb和Zn富集程度最高,特别是在灰霾中期,这些物质主要来源于交通和燃煤.人体健康风险评价结果显示,手口摄食是引起非致癌风险的主要途径,儿童的暴露量和非致癌风险均明显高于成人.Pb对儿童存在非致癌风险,PM_2.5中重金属对成人不具有非致癌风险且致癌重金属不具有致癌风险.     

Enhanced the photoelectrochemical performance of Bi2XO6 (X = W, Mo) for detecting hexavalent chromium by modification of CuS

In this work, Bi₂XO₆ (X = W, Mo) are synthesized at different temperatures. The results of tests find the optimal temperatures of Bi₂WO₆ and Bi₂MoO₆ are 180 and 160°C (BW-180, BM-160). Then, BW-180 and BM-160 are further compounded with different contents of CuS. The results of photoelectrochemical (PEC) tests show that CuS can improve the PEC performance of semiconductor materials, and it has better performance when CuS mass fraction is 5%. These maybe the photoelectron potentials generated by CuS/Bi₂XO₆ (X = Mo, W) heterojunction reduce the combination of photogenerated electrons and holes. When the PEC sensor based on 5%-CuS/BW-180 detects Cr(VI), it has a linear range of 1–80 μmol/L with detection limit of 0.95 μmol/L, while the PEC sensor based on 5%-CuS/BM-160 detects Cr(VI) has a linear range of 0.5–230 μmol/L and a detection limit of 0.12 μmol/L. Thus, 5%-CuS/Bi₂XO₆ has potential application in hexavalent chromium detection.     

Preparation and characterization of boron-doped corn straw biochar: Fe (Ⅱ) removal equilibrium and kinetics

Nowadays, iron ions as a ubiquitous heavy metal pollutant are gradually concerned and the convenient and quick removal of excessive iron ions in groundwater has become a major challenge for the safety of drinking water. In this study, boron-doped biochar (B-BC) was successfully prepared at various preparation conditions with the addition of boric acid. The as-prepared material has a more developed pore structure and a larger specific surface area (up to 897.97 m²/g). A series of characterization results shows that boric acid effectively activates biochar, and boron atoms are successfully doped on biochar. Compared with the ratio of raw materials, the pyrolysis temperature has a greater influence on the amount of boron doping. Based on Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity of 800B-BC_1:2 at 25 °C, 40 °C, 55 °C are 50.02 mg/g, 95.09 mg/g, 132.78 mg/g, respectively. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model can better describe the adsorption process, the adsorption process is mainly chemical adsorption. Chemical complexation, ions exchange, and co-precipitation may be the main mechanisms for Fe²⁺ removal.