功能性介孔分子筛用于环境水体净化的研究

采用中性模板途径合成了介孔分子筛ＨＭＳ，并通过化学修饰手段在其孔内壁上接枝了γ－氯丙基三乙氧基硅烷，得到功能化的介孔分子筛ＣＰＳ－ＨＭＳ。考察了ＣＰＳ－ＨＭＳ对水体中三氯甲烷和苯酚的吸附性能。结果表明，其最大吸附容量分别为１９６ｍｇ／ｇ和１４８ｍｇ／ｇ，去除率高达９７％和９４％；和ＰＨ值对吸附量的影响不很显著；动态穿透曲线表明在ＣＰＳ－ＨＭＳ上的吸附为扩散控制。     

缺氧生物滤池-UASB处理垃圾渗滤液的中试研究

用缺氧生物滤池与UASB相串联的工艺对杭州市天子岭垃圾填埋场惨滤液进行了中试试验。通过实验，总结了缺氧生物滤池的挂膜特性及UASB起动的成功经验。最终的试验结果表明：出水COD、BOD、SS分别稳定在900mg／L、150mg／L、250mg／L以下，缺氧生物滤池对渗滤液具有很好的预处理效果，不仅能脱吸部分NH3、CO2、H2S，而且能提高它的可生化性，为UASB的高效运行创造了良好的条件。     

高速公路雨水径流重金属污染初期效应

通过对8场降雨高速公路路面雨水径流中溶解态和颗粒态Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn 4种重金属进行现场取样检测,在定性分析径流重金属污染初期效应存现的基础上,定量分析了重金属污染初期效应的显著程度,并探讨了降雨特征对径流重金属污染初期效应的影响.无因次累积负荷分数-累积体积分数曲线分析结果表明,大多数降雨事件中总重金属存在较显著的初期效应,除溶解态Pb不具有初期效应外,其余溶解态与颗粒态重金属均存在较显著的初期效应.少数降雨事件的径流在中后期存在二次冲刷效应.初期冲刷比值分析结果表明,拦截并处理径流初期25%流量(径流的体积分数,下同)可去除整个降雨事件中所排放的35%～39%(质量分数,下同)的重金属污染负荷.总重金属初期效应的显著程度顺序如下:Cd>Cu>Zn>Pb;溶解态重金属初期效应的显著程度顺序如下:Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb;颗粒态重金属初期效应的显著程度顺序为:Cu>Cd>Pb>Zn.重金属初期冲刷比值与降雨特征相关性分析表明,平均降雨强度对径流重金属污染负荷初期效应的影响显著,降雨历时、降雨量、前期晴天数和产流时间对径流重金属污染负荷初期效应的影响较小.     

两株高效芘降解菌对土壤中芘的降解研究

研究了芘的高效降解菌株在土壤环境中对芘降解情况,主要结论如下:(1)芽孢杆菌B6和假单孢菌B17在土壤中仍对芘具有较强的降解能力,在10 d时对芘降解率达到最大值,降解率依次为24.45%和18.77%;(2)接入菌株后,土壤中过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶的活性变化不显著;(3)使用利福平抗性细菌研究了菌株的定殖状况,结果表明由于土壤恶劣的环境条件,使定殖菌量偏低,但2种菌株在土壤中仍具有一定的定殖能力。且菌株B6在土壤中增殖能力强于菌株B17。     

城市震害预测基础资料调查方法的研究

作者通过概括分析我国近几年来城市震害预测项目基础资料调查工作的开展情况，结合自身近几年参加广州等城市的震害预测调查工作实际，通过深入分析，提出了开展包括建（构）筑物和生命线工程在内的基础资料调查工作思路和系统性较强的实施方法，在一定程度上可以有效提高调查资料的准确性和数据的严谨性。     

不同耐性作物中几种酶活性对Cd胁迫的反应

为探讨作物对重金属毒害的耐受机理,本文采用盆栽试验及生理生化分析方法,研究了作物体内酶系统在耐受Cd胁迫中的作用。结果表明,在Cd胁迫下,耐性作物体内,SOD和PPO的活性未受明显影响或活性略增强,CAT活性明显增强;POD及硝酸还原酶活性的变化无明显规律。这说明,SOD、CAT和PPO活性的维持和提高是作物耐受Cd胁迫的物质基础之一。     

Enhanced the photoelectrochemical performance of Bi2XO6 (X = W, Mo) for detecting hexavalent chromium by modification of CuS

In this work, Bi₂XO₆ (X = W, Mo) are synthesized at different temperatures. The results of tests find the optimal temperatures of Bi₂WO₆ and Bi₂MoO₆ are 180 and 160°C (BW-180, BM-160). Then, BW-180 and BM-160 are further compounded with different contents of CuS. The results of photoelectrochemical (PEC) tests show that CuS can improve the PEC performance of semiconductor materials, and it has better performance when CuS mass fraction is 5%. These maybe the photoelectron potentials generated by CuS/Bi₂XO₆ (X = Mo, W) heterojunction reduce the combination of photogenerated electrons and holes. When the PEC sensor based on 5%-CuS/BW-180 detects Cr(VI), it has a linear range of 1–80 μmol/L with detection limit of 0.95 μmol/L, while the PEC sensor based on 5%-CuS/BM-160 detects Cr(VI) has a linear range of 0.5–230 μmol/L and a detection limit of 0.12 μmol/L. Thus, 5%-CuS/Bi₂XO₆ has potential application in hexavalent chromium detection.     

Impacts of land use change on ecosystem service value in Lijiang River Basin,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - It is of great significance for the coordinated development of the environment and the economy to study the impact of the human driving factors of...     

Research progress on the association between environmental pollutants and the resistance mechanism of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The occurrence and progression of ovarian cancer are closely related to genetics and environmental pollutants. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)...     

Metal distribution characteristic of MSWI bottom ash in view of metal recovery

Bottom ash is the major by-product of municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI), and is often reused as an engineering material, such as road-base aggregate. However, some metals(especially aluminum) in bottom ash can react with water and generate gas that could cause expansion and failure of products containing the ash; these metals must be removed before the ash is utilized. The size distribution and the chemical speciation of metals in the bottom ash from two Chinese MSWI plants were examined in this study, and the recovery potential of metals from the ash was evaluated. The metal concentrations in these bottom ashes were lower than that generated in other developed countries. Specifically, the contents of Al,Fe, Cu and Zn were 18.9–29.2, 25.5–32.3, 0.7–1.0 and 1.6–2.5 g/kg, respectively. Moreover,44.9–57.0 wt.% of Al and 55.6–75.4 wt.% of Fe were distributed in bottom ash particles smaller than 5 mm. Similarly, 46.6–79.7 wt.% of Cu and 42.9–74.2 wt.% of Zn were concentrated in particles smaller than 3 mm. The Fe in the bottom ash mainly existed as hematite, and its chemical speciation was considered to limit the recovery efficiency of magnetic separation.