全文获取类型
收费全文 | 234篇 |
免费 | 0篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1篇 |
废物处理 | 10篇 |
环保管理 | 7篇 |
综合类 | 112篇 |
基础理论 | 48篇 |
污染及防治 | 32篇 |
评价与监测 | 10篇 |
社会与环境 | 15篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 4篇 |
2015年 | 3篇 |
2013年 | 5篇 |
2012年 | 4篇 |
2011年 | 10篇 |
2010年 | 3篇 |
2009年 | 9篇 |
2008年 | 5篇 |
2007年 | 11篇 |
2006年 | 7篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 8篇 |
1965年 | 4篇 |
1964年 | 11篇 |
1963年 | 7篇 |
1962年 | 5篇 |
1961年 | 9篇 |
1959年 | 3篇 |
1958年 | 2篇 |
1957年 | 2篇 |
1956年 | 3篇 |
1955年 | 4篇 |
1954年 | 7篇 |
1939年 | 2篇 |
1934年 | 1篇 |
1932年 | 1篇 |
1930年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有235条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
TUGAI: An Integrated Simulation Tool for Ecological Assessment of Alternative Water Management Strategies in a Degraded River Delta 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Schlüter M Rüger N Savitsky AG Novikova NM Matthies M Lieth H 《Environmental management》2006,38(4):638-653
The development of ecologically sound water allocation strategies that account for the needs of riverine ecosystems is a pressing
issue, especially in semiarid river basins. In the Aral Sea Basin, a search for strategies to mitigate ecological and socioeconomic
deterioration has been in process since the early 1990s. The Geographic Information System–based simulation tool TUGAI has
been developed to support the policy determination process by providing a simple, problem-oriented method to assess ecological
effects of alternative water management strategies for the Amudarya River. It combines a multiobjective water allocation model
with simple, spatially explicit statistical and rule-based models of landscape dynamics. Changes in environmental conditions
are evaluated by a fuzzy habitat suitability index for Populus euphratica, which is the dominant species of the characteristic riverine Tugai forests. Water management scenarios can be developed
by altering spatiotemporal water distribution in the delta area or the amount of water inflow into the delta. Outcomes of
scenario analysis are qualitative comparisons of the ecological effects of different options for a time period of up to 28
years. The given approach utilizes different types of knowledge, from quantitative hydrological data to qualitative local
expert knowledge. The main purpose of the tool is to integrate the knowledge in a comprehensive way to make it available for
discussions on alternative policies in moderated workshops with stakeholders. In this article, the modules of the tool, their
integration, and three hypothetical scenarios are presented. Based on the experience gained when developing the TUGAI tool,
we propose that the general framework can be transferred to other areas where tradeoffs in water allocation between the environment
and other water users are of major concern. The potential for a simulation tool to structure and inform a complex resource
management situation by involving local experts and stakeholders in the development of possible future scenarios will become
increasingly valuable for transparent and participatory resource management. 相似文献
12.
13.
Gaugitsch H 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2004,11(3):141-142
Summary I would like to stress that the research and development interests and programs, as well as the basic economic expectations
to biotechnology, seem to be quite similar for the EU and the USA. However, with a sensitive public and a smaller structured,
agricultural structure, the EU approach seems to be more cautious, based on the precautionary principle which is explicitly
mentioned in various EU regulations [see e.g. 11], and taking into account the level of uncertainty with GMOs. Biotechnology
is more than applying GMOs in industry or agriculture, it is a huge variety of methods and techniques waiting to be assessed
and implemented, provided they are safe and useful. In addition, the remaining questions concerning the risk/safety of GMO
products have to be fully assessed [12-14]. 相似文献
14.
15.
Power matters in closing the phenotyping gap 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Meyer CW Elvert R Scherag A Ehrhardt N Gailus-Durner V Fuchs H Schäfer H Hrabé de Angelis M Heldmaier G Klingenspor M 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2007,94(5):401-406
Much of our understanding of physiology and metabolism is derived from investigating mouse mutants and transgenic mice, and
open-access platforms for standardized mouse phenotyping such as the German Mouse Clinic (GMC) are currently viewed as one
powerful tool for identifying novel gene-function relationships. Phenotyping or phenotypic screening involves the comparison of wild-type control mice with their mutant or transgenic littermates. In our study, we explored
the extent to which standardized phenotyping will succeed in detecting biologically relevant phenotypic differences in mice
generated and provided by different collaborators. We analyzed quantitative metabolic data (body mass, energy intake, and
energy metabolized) collected at the GMC under the current workflow, and used them for statistical power considerations. Our
results demonstrate that there is substantial variability in these parameters among lines of wild-type C57BL/6 (B6) mice from
different sources. Given this variable background noise in mice that serve as controls, subtle phenotypes in mutant or transgenic
littermates may be overlooked. Furthermore, a phenotype observed in one cohort of a mutant line may not be reproducible (to
the same extent) in mice coming from a different environment or supplier. In the light of these constraints, we encourage
researchers to incorporate information on intrastrain variability into future study planning, or to perform advanced hierarchical
analyses. Both will ultimately improve the detectability of novel phenotypes by phenotypic screening.
Carola W. Meyer and Ralf Elvert contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
16.
Gerhard Scherer Thomas Ruppert Helmut Daube Irmtrud Kossien Kirsten Riedel Anthony R. Tricker Franz Adlkofer 《Environment international》1995,21(6)
The concentrations of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) constituents including benzene were measured in the living rooms of 10 nonsmoking households and 20 households with at least one smoker situated in the city and suburbs of Munich. In the city, the median benzene levels during the evening, when all household members were at home, were 8.1 and 10.4 μg/m3 in nonsmoking and smoking homes, respectively. The corresponding levels of 3.5 and 4.6 μg/m3 were considerably lower in the suburbs. Median time-integrated 1-week benzene concentrations in the city were 10.6 μg/m3 in nonsmoking homes and 13.1 μg/m3 in smoking homes. In the suburbs, the corresponding values were 3.2 and 5.6 μg/m3. While the benzene concentrations in nonsmoking homes located in the city were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in suburban nonsmoking households, no difference was found between smoking and nonsmoking households located either in the city or in the suburbs. Individual exposures to benzene and to specific markers for tobacco smoke of all household members (82 nonsmokers and 32 smokers) were determined by questionnaire, personal monitoring, and biomonitoring. Within the city, the benzene exposure determined by personal samplers was 11.8 μg/m3 for nonsmokers living in nonsmoking homes and 13.3 μg/m3 for nonsmokers in smoking homes. The corresponding values for nonsmokers living in the suburbs were 5.9 and 6.9 μg/m3, respectively. Neither difference was statistically significant. Nonsmokers living in nonsmoking households in the city had significantly higher exposure to benzene compared to their counterparts living in the suburbs (personal samplers: 11.8 vs 5.9 μg/m3, p < 0.001; benzene in exhalate: 2.4 vs. 1.1 μg/m3, p < 0.05; trans,trans-muconic acid excretion in urine: 92 vs. 54 μg/g creatinine, p < 0.05). Nonsmokers from all households with smokers were significantly more exposed to benzene than nonsmokers living in the nonsmoking households (personal samplers: 13.2 vs. 7.0 μg/m3, p < 0.05; benzene in exhalate: 2.6 vs. 1.8 μg/m3, p < 0.01; trans,trans-muconic acid excretion in urine: 73 vs. 62 μg/g creatinine), but the contribution of ETS to the total benzene exposure was relatively low compared to that from other sources. Analysis of variance showed that at most 15% of the benzene exposure of nonsmokers living in smoking homes was attributable to ETS. For nonsmokers living in nonsmoking households benzene exposure from ETS was insignificant. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
20.