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341.
Francesca Romana Grati Denise Molina Gomes Jose Carlos Pinto B. Ferreira Celine Dupont Viola Alesi Laetitia Gouas Nina Horelli-Kuitunen Kwong Wai Choy Sandra García-Herrero Alberto Gonzalez de la Vega Krzysztof Piotrowski Rita Genesio Gloria Queipo Barbara Malvestiti Bérénice Hervé Brigitte Benzacken Antonio Novelli Philippe Vago Kirsi Piippo Tak Yeung Leung Federico Maggi Thibault Quibel Anne Claude Tabet Giuseppe Simoni François Vialard 《黑龙江环境通报》2015,35(8):801-809
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Paul Chiou Wei Tang Che-Jen Lin Hsing-Wei Chu Rafael Tadmor T. C. Ho 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2009,14(5):645-659
Speciated samples of PM2.5 were collected at the Big Bend site from July of 2003 to June 2006 and the McDonald Observatory site from July of 2003 to
August of 2005 in southwestern Texas, respectively, by the US Environmental Protection Agency. A total of 175 samples for
the Big Bend site and 105 samples for the McDonald Observatory site with 52 species were measured; however, 30 and 32 species
from the Big Bend and McDonald Observatory sites, respectively, were excluded because of too much below-detection-limit data.
Due to the laboratory change about November 1 of 2004 and possible analytical artifacts, phosphorous was excluded as well.
Among the species excluded, 31 species are common to both sites. The two data sets were analyzed by positive matrix factorization
to infer the sources of PM observed at the two sites. The analysis resolved five source-related factors for Big Bend and four
for McDonald Observatory. Sulfate-rich secondary aerosol, coal burning, motor vehicle/road dust, and a mixed factor were identified
as common sources to both sites. The other factor identified for Big Bend is related to soil. Sulfate mainly exists as ammonium
salts. The sulfate-rich secondary aerosols account for about 62% and 66% of the PM2.5 mass concentration at the two sites, respectively. The highest concentration of Si associated with Ca, Fe,
\textSO42 - {\text{SO}}_4^{2 - } , and organic carbon at the two sites was possibly attributed to the coal-fired power plants in the region. Basically, the
factor of sulfate and coal burning at the two sites showed similar chemical composition profiles and seasonal variation that
reflect the regional characteristics of these sources. The regional factors of sulfate, coal burning, and soil showed predominantly
low-frequency variations; however, the area-related and/or local factors showed both high and low frequency variations. The
motor vehicle/road dust and the mixed factors were likely to be area-related and/or local source. 相似文献
346.
This study investigated the dynamic desorption characteristics of mercury during the thermal treatment of mercury-loaded sorbents at elevated temperatures under fixed-bed operations. Experiments were carried out in a 25.4 mm ID quartz bed enclosed in an electric furnace. Elemental mercury and mercuric chloride were tested with activated carbon and bauxite. The experimental results indicated that mercury desoption from sorbents was strongly affected by the desorption temperature and the mercury–sorbent pair. Elemental mercury was observed to desorb faster than mercuric chloride and activated carbon appeared to have higher desorption limits than bauxite at low temperatures. A kinetic model considering the mechanisms of surface equilibrium, pore diffusion and external mass transfer was proposed to simulate the observed desorption profiles. The model was found to describe reasonably well the experimental results. 相似文献
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With ketone pollution forming an ever-growing problem, it is important to identify a ketone-degrading microorganism and establish its effect. Here, a methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)-degrading bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. KT-3, was isolated and its MEK degradation characteristics were examined in liquid cultures and a polyurethane-packed biofilter. In liquid cultures, strain KT-3 could degrade other ketone solvents, including diethyl ketone (DK), methyl propyl ketone (MPK), methyl isopropyl ketone (MIPK), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), methyl butyl ketone (MBK) and methyl isoamyl ketone (MIAK). The maximum specific growth rate (mumax) of the isolate was 0.136 h(-1) in MEK medium supplemented with MEK as a sole carbon source, and kinetically, the maximum removal rate (Vm) and saturation constant (Km) for MEK were 12.28 mM g(-1)DCW h(-1) (DCW: dry cell weight) and 1.64 mM, respectively. MEK biodegradation by KT-3 was suppressed by the addition of MIBK or acetone, but not by toluene. In the tested biofilter, KT-3 exhibited a>90% removal efficiency for MEK inlet concentrations of around 500 ppmv at a space velocity (SV) of 150 h(-1). The elimination capacity of MEK was more influenced by SV than by the inlet concentration. Kinetic analysis showed that the maximum MEK removal rate (Vm) was 690 g m(-3) h(-1) and the saturation constant (Km) was 490 ppmv. Collectively, these results indicate the polyurethane sequencing batch biofilter with Pseudomonas sp. KT-3 will provide an excellent performance in the removal of gaseous MEK. 相似文献
350.
AbstractA metal-organic framework of iron-doped copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate was synthesized and, for the first time, utilized as a heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst for degradation of methylene blue dye in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. The synthesized materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The influence factors, kinetics, and stability of the synthesized catalysts were investigated in detail. Iron-doped copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate showed higher degradation efficiency than pure copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate. An almost complete degradation was achieved within 70?min under visible light irradiation at a solution pH of 6, a catalyst loading of 1?g?L?1, a H2O2 dosage of 0.05?mol L?1 and methylene blue concentration of 50?mg?L?1. Recycling studies demonstrated that the iron-doped copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate is a promising heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst for long-term removal of methylene blue dye from industrial wastewater. 相似文献