油库静电危害综合控制方法的研究

油库是易燃、易爆的危险场所,当达到油气爆炸极限及产生静电放电时,极易发生油品静电灾害.通过对液体带电机理、油品能够产生静电的几种形式、影响静电电位因素以及静电能够引发火灾的几个条件的分析,提出了油库控制静电危害发生的措施.     

Effects of lead contamination on soil microbial activity and rice physiological indices in soil-Pb-rice (Oryza sativa L.) system

The effect of lead (Pb) treatment on the soil microbial activities (soil microbial biomass and soil basal respiration) and rice physiological indices were studied by greenhouse pot experiment. Pb was applied as lead acetate at six different levels in two different paddy soils, namely 0 (control), 100, 300, 500, 700, 900 mg kg-1 soil. The results showed that the application of Pb at lower level (<300 mg kg-1) as lead acetate resulted in a slight increase in soil microbial activities compared with the control, and had an inhibitory influence at high concentration (>500 mg Pb kg-1 soil), which might be the critical concentration of Pb causing a significant decline in the soil microbial activities. However, the degree of influence on soil microbial activities by Pb was related to the clay and organic matter contents of the soils. On the other hand, when the level of Pb treatments increased to 500 mg kg-1, there was ecological risk for both soil microbial activities and plants. The results also revealed that there was a consistent trend that the chlorophyll contents increased initially, and then decreased gradually with increase in Pb concentration. Pb was effective in inducing proline accumulation and its toxicity causes oxidative stress in rice plants. In a word, soil microbial activities and rice physiological indices, therefore, may be sensitive indicators reflecting environmental stress in soil-Pb-rice system.     

A Simple Discussion on the Supply and Demand of Water Resources in the Western Region of China

We are accustomed to solve the problem of the water scarcity in the western region by the thought of increasing the effective supply of water to meet the needs of Go-west Campaign. After introducing the dynamic equilibrium principle on supply and demand in economy, we find that we should solve the problem of the water scarcity in the western region through reducing total demand to achieve the dynamic equilibrium of supply and demand. Finally water resources in the western region can be enlarged by an accumulated way.     

钙钛矿复合氧化物在催化领域中的应用进展

从钙钛矿复合氧化物组成、性能出发,概述了钙钛矿氧化物在生物乙醇重整制氢、甲醇重整制合成气、光催化氧化降解和汽车尾气处理方面的应用研究进展,并对钙钛矿复合氧化物在应用过程中存在的问题进行了简单评述和展望。     

褐煤腐植酸对Ni(Ⅱ)的吸附性能研究

对比了云南寻甸褐煤提取的腐植酸与云南昆明凤鸣村褐煤提取的腐植酸对Ni(Ⅱ)的吸附性能.发现凤鸣村褐煤腐植酸对Ni(Ⅱ)有更好的吸附效果     

糖蜜酒精废水治理现状及展望

综述糖蜜酒精废水的治理现状 ,介绍主要的治理途径 ,即资源化和直接进行污染处理的具体方法。同时指出资源化与污染治理相结合 ,是此类废水治理的理想方法。     

三相生物流化复合反应器中上升区与下降区气含率的关系

在自行设计的新型蜂窝断面三相生物流化复合反应器中进行了气含率的测定,试验结果表明,总平均气含率和上升区气含率均随表观气速的增加呈直线增加;并且随固含率的增加,气含率也相应增加.根据流体力学的连续性原理,推导出了三相生物流化复合反应器中上升区气含率与下降区气含率的理论关系式,并对其中的重要参数a的取值进行了讨论.试验结果上升区气含率与下降区气含率满足直线的关系,说明随着表观气速和气含率升高,上升区实际液速与下降区实际液速的比值(VLr/VLd)没有明显变化.     

长江中下游地区地下水中铁锰元素的形成及其分布规律

通过实际资料，论证了地下水中Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ元素的形成、含量及其分布规律，除了与地下水的含水介质成分、上覆岩土性质、地下水的迳流条件、地下水的Ｃｌ离子及酸碱度有关外，主要受氧化还原环境的控制。     

Enhanced efficiency of cadmium removal by Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud. in the presence of exogenous citric and oxalic acids

Boehmeria nivea（L.） Gaud. is a potential candidate for the remediation of Cd contaminated sites. The present investigation aims to explore Cd tolerance threshold and to quickly identify the role of exogenous organic acids in Cd uptake and abiotic metal stress damage.Elevated Cd levels（0–10 mg/L） resulted in an obvious rise in Cd accumulation, ranging from268.0 to 374.4 in root and 25.2 to 41.2 mg/kg dry weight in shoot, respectively. Citric acid at1.5 mmol/L significantly facilitated Cd uptake by 26.7% in root and by 1-fold in shoot,respectively. Cd translocation efficiency from root to shoot was improved by a maximum of66.4% under 3 mmol/L of oxalic acid. Citric acid exhibited more prominent mitigating effect than oxalic acid due to its stronger ligand affinity for chelating with metal and avoiding the toxicity injury of free Cd ions more efficiently. The present work provides a potential strategy for efficient Cd remediation with B. nivea.     

崇明生态岛建设解析

崇明岛是位于长江口、世界上面积最大的河口冲积岛。笔者构建了科学性与可操作性、现实性与前瞻性、针对性与示范性相结合的生态岛建设指标体系,并在崇明世界级生态岛建设中发挥了“引领生态岛建设方向。规范建设行为,调控建设进程”的作用,崇明生态岛建设成效初显。为了进一步发挥崇明生态岛建设的示范作用。笔者还提出了建设生态文明特区等建议。