Adsorption selectivity of salicylic acid and 5-sulfosalicylic acid onto hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbents

Both bottle-point and column-feeding experiments involving different solutes and sorbents were carried out to investigate the adsorption selectivity and separation performance of salicylic acid and 5-sulfosalicylic acid. Their adsorption isotherms onto such hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbents as NDA-100 and NDA-99 could be well described by the Freundlich equations whose characteristics describe extrathermic and favorable adsorption processes. The adsorption towards NDA-100 mainly depended on the π-π interaction, while that towards NDA-99 was extremely influenced by the static-electric interaction. Additionally, the adsorptive capacity of salicylic acid on NDA-99 decreased while it increased on NDA-100 with the presence of 5-sulfosalicylic acid in the adsorptive environment as the competitive component. Comparatively, the adsorption capacity of 5-sulfosalicylic acid decreased on both resins with salicylic acid as the competitive component. In fact, the difference in the interaction between adsorbent and adsorbate resulted in the straight antagonism on the effective adsorption sites on the adsorbent. In conclusion, the adsorption selectivity of salicylic acid onto NDA-100 was obviously larger than that onto NDA-99 with the existence of 5-sulfosalicylic acid in the adsorptive environment. A satisfactory separation and recovery of tested solutes in aqueous phase could be foreseeably achieved by the sequencing adsorption technique involving NDA-100 as well as NDA-99. Translated from Environmental Pollution & Control, 2005, 27(8): 570–574 [译自: 环境污染与防治]     

冲气噪声的消声装置

阐述了冲气噪声的产生机理和消声装置结构、消声原理及消声效果，该装置已被广泛采用。     

薄壁厚内螺纹的冷挤压

薄壁厚内螺纹的冷挤压成形是道难题,通过采用有效的工艺措施,确保了产品质量,拓宽了内螺纹冷挤压成形的适用范围。     

非洲鲫鱼Tilapia mossambica(Peters)对汞积累的实验研究

海洋鱼类对汞积累的研究报道,尚不多见.许多学者认为主要是海洋鱼类在室内较长期培养有一定的困难.我们采用在海水中培养的非洲鲫鱼作为实验材料,进行了汞积累的研究. 材料和方法 非洲鲫鱼是一种热带、广盐性鱼类,是水产养殖的优良品种.我们采用平均体长约5cm、9cm,平均体重约3g、10g两种.将鱼苗运回实验室,经过一周的驯化完全过渡到海水中,再驯化两周,然后选择健康的个体进行实验。     

地塞米松生产中毒性物质泄漏的定性定量分析

采用预先危险性分析和事故树分析剖地塞米松生产过程中毒物质产生中毒事故的危险性。指出溴甲烷和氟化氢是典型毒物。同时，利用泄漏和扩散模型定量分析它们泄漏所造成的危险性。结果表明：溴甲烷泄漏时，地面轴线浓度可以达到９２．３ｍｇ／ｍ＾３，远大于其急性中毒阈值，并制定了相应的预防性工程措施。     

降低硫黄回收装置烟气CO排放浓度研究

介绍了造成中国石化齐鲁分公司硫黄回收装置烟气CO排放浓度高的原因,并制定了相应的改造方案。对装置目前可实施的运行参数进行了优化调整,个别装置CO排放可达100 mg/m 3以下,其他装置等待检修时改造实施。     

Total nitrogen and community turnover determine phosphorus use efficiency of phytoplankton along nutrient gradients in plateau lakes

Numerous studies support that biodiversity predict most to ecosystem functioning, but whether other factors display a more significant direct impact on ecosystem functioning than biodiversity remains to be studied. We investigated 398 samples of the phytoplankton phosphorus resource use efficiency (RUE_P = chlorophyll-a concentration/dissolved phosphate) across two seasons in nine plateau lakes in Yunnan Province, China. We identified the main contributors to phytoplankton RUE_P and analyzed their potential influences on RUE_P at different lake trophic states. The results showed that total nitrogen (TN) contributed the most to RUE_P among the nine lakes, whereas community turnover (measured as community dissimilarity) explained the most to RUE_P variation across the two seasons. Moreover, TN also influenced RUE_P by affecting biodiversity. Species richness (SR), functional attribute diversity (FAD2), and dendrogram-based functional diversity (FDc) were positively correlated with RUE_P in both seasons, while evenness was negatively correlated with RUE_P at the end of the rainy season. We also found that the effects of biodiversity and turnover on RUE_P depended on the lake trophic states. SR and FAD2 were positively correlated with RUE_P in all three trophic states. Evenness showed a negative correlation with RUE_P at the eutrophic and oligotrophic levels, but a positive correlation at the mesotrophic level. Turnover had a negative influence on RUE_P at the eutrophic level, but a positive influence at the mesotrophic and oligotrophic levels. Overall, our results suggested that multiple factors and nutrient states need to be considered when the ecosystem functioning predictors and the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships are investigated.     

砖瓦厂氟化物排放研究

砖瓦厂是重要的大气污染源。通过模拟试验和现场测定，研究了制砖中氟的释放与温度的关系，成品砖内氟的残留分布和砖瓦厂氟的无组织排放等，在此基础上提出了砖瓦厂生产中氟的释放率为５４．３％。这些结果对防治砖恒心各氟的污染有参考意义。     

污水海洋（江河）处置工程喷口的冲淤规律

结合上海市合流污水治理二期工程排放管稀释扩散规律及泥沙冲淤规律的研究，利用少运动相似理论，通过模型试验，从环境泥沙积在上管喷口上的最不利条件出发，分析喷口对泥沙的冲液规律，提出喷口冲淤临界速的概念，并据此提出适宜的上升管高度及喷口射流角度。     

粉煤灰对矿井水中重金属离子的吸附研究

本文通过静态热力学实验的方法，研究了粉煤灰对矿井水中Ｐｂ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｃｕ６２＋等重金属离子的吸附性能。着重分析了ＰＨ值，吸附时间，粉煤灰活化程度等因素对其吸附能力的影响。