二氧化氯消毒前后污水毒性的变化及消毒条件的影响

采用发光细菌试验和umu试验,分别考察了二氧化氯投加量和反应时间对污水二氧化氯消毒后急性毒性和遗传毒性变化的影响.结果表明,随着二氧化氯消毒剂投加量的增加,消毒后水样的急性毒性不断增大,但遗传毒性逐渐减小后趋于稳定.随着反应时间的延长,二氧化氯的消耗量不断增大,消毒后水样的急性毒性先增大后减小,遗传毒性逐渐减小后趋于稳定.由于消毒条件对污水急性毒性和遗传毒性有着不同的影响,说明污水中产生急性毒性和产生遗传毒性的物质不同,对于某一种污水,通过控制消毒条件可以使消毒后污水的急性毒性和遗传毒性都较低.     

等离子体与光催化耦合净化空气污染物研究现状

综合探讨了低温等离子体与光催化耦合这一新兴技术净化空气污染物的机理,讨论了影响耦合净化功能的主要因素以及臭氧的去除方法,介绍了该技术在去除挥发性有机物、氮氧化物、除菌等方面的研究现状,提出了其今后的研究方向。     

粤北山地城市近地面臭氧污染特征及气象影响因素分析——以韶关为例

利用2015-2019年韶关市3个地面环境空气质量国控站逐时臭氧(O3)观测资料、同期的气象资料、ECMWF(欧洲中期天气预报中心)ERA5再分析资料和2017-2019年广东南岭背景空气自动监测站逐时臭氧(O3)观测资料,对粤北山地城市(以韶关为例)的近地面臭氧污染特征及气象影响因素进行了系统分析,包括韶关近地面O3...     

生物炭降解苯和甲苯混合废气性能研究

该研究以生物炭为过滤介质 ,探讨过滤塔降解气流中苯、甲苯的生物降解性能 .实验表明 ,在总有机负荷低于 3 5 0 g/ (h·m3)、停留时间 1 5～ 90s的实验条件下 ,滤塔对苯和甲苯混合气体有较好的降解性能 ,苯、甲苯的最大削减能力分别为 1 2 0 g/ (h·m3)和 1 5 0 g/ (h·m3) ,甲苯比苯更易被微生物降解 .滤塔中CO2 生成量随苯、甲苯降解量的增加而增加 ,但实验增长速率小于理论增长速率 .菌落分析表明 ,滤塔中微生物主要有真菌、杆菌、芽孢杆菌 ,其中芽孢杆菌为优势菌种 .根据吸附 生物降解机理 ,建立了VOCs去除模型 ,并予以验证 .     

O3/UV降解喹啉过程中不同氧化剂的相对重要性

研究O₃/UV降解自配喹啉水溶液时水体中存在的不同氧化剂对喹啉降解的相对重要性的结果表明,O₃和·OH是喹啉降解过程的主要氧化剂.通过靛蓝二磺酸钠法和·OH探针化合物(对氯苯甲酸)法分别测定了水体中的O₃浓度和·OH浓度,定量地计算了O₃和·OH在降解喹啉时的相对重要性,得到喹啉与·OH的二级反应速率常数为6.65×10⁹mol·(L·s)^-1.在本试验条件下,由·OH引起的喹啉去除率占总去除率的88%,而由O₃引起的喹啉去除率占总去除率的12%.提高水体中·OH的浓度有利于提高喹啉的总降解速率.     

Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from different soil fractions by persulfate oxidation

Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from different soil fractions of contaminated soil was investigated by using activated persulfate oxidation remediation in our research. The results showed that the light fraction, which accounted for only 10% of the soil, contained 30% of the PAHs at a concentration of 4352?mg/kg. The heavy fraction contained more high-molecular-weight PAHs, and the total PAH concentration was 625?mg/kg. After being oxidized, the removal rate of PAHs was 39% in the light fraction and nearly 90% in the heavy fraction. Among the different fractions of the heavy fraction, humic acid contained the highest concentration of PAHs, and consequently, the highest removal efficiency of PAHs was also in humic acid. Compared with the light fraction, the heavy fraction has more aromatic compounds and those compounds were broken down during the oxidation process, which may be the removal mechanism involved in the oxidation of high-ring PAHs. Similarly, the enhancement of C = C bonds after oxidation can also explain the poor removal of high-ring PAHs in the light fraction. These results imply that different fractions of soil vary in composition and structure, leading to differences in the distribution and oxidation efficiencies of PAHs.     

Identification of odorous compounds in reclaimed water using FPA combined with sensory GC-MS

Odorous compounds in the influent of a reclaimed water treatment plant (RWTP), consisting of coagulation, sedimentation, continuous micro-filtration (CMF), and chlorination in succession, in a north China city, were identified by combining flavor profile analysis (FPA) with sensory gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sewery/swampy/septic odor with an odor intensity of 6.4 was found to be the major odor group in the RWTP influent, and the existence of well-known odorant including dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, indole and skatole were confirmed using GC-MS. The result of a spiking test showed that the intensity (3.6) of the sewery/swampy/septic odor caused by these four chemicals contributed to over 50% of the odor intensity of the influent. The FPA intensity for sewery/swampy/septic odor in the RWTP effluent was 3.8, showing that the treatment process was not efficient for the removal of odorants, particularly indole and skatole.     

强化企业环境监测工作的途径和方法探讨

企业环境监测工作有其自身特点,本文从监测对象、监测项目、监测职能、监测手段、监测信息处理等方面论述了强化企业环境监测的途径和方法。     

加工高硫原油的环保问题及治理对策

分析了高硫原油加工带来的环保问题，介绍了镇海炼油化工股份有限公司采取的一系列治理措施，并针对目前仍然存在的问题提出了     

武汉新装修住宅室内空气中甲醛的分析研究

采用国家标准<公共场所空气中甲醛测定方法>(GB/T18204.26-2000)中的酚试剂分光光度法对50套新装修住宅进行了室内空气中甲醛浓度的测定,结果有40套超过我国<室内空气质量标准>规定的浓度(0.1 mg/m3).选择有代表性的三户新装修居室进行了室内甲醛浓度的跟踪监测,并对一户住宅及三个实验室进行了四个季节甲醛平均浓度的检测,结果表明人造板材及木制家具是室内装修甲醛污染的主要来源,温度是影响甲醛释放最主要的因素.