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681.
Sorption of small metabolites of nonylphenol polyethoxylates in single and complex systems on aquatic suspended particulate matter 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sorption of nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol monoethoxylate (NP1EO) and nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO) as well as their binary and ternary mixtures were studied and compared on three simulated suspended particulate matters (SPMs). Sorption dynamics of NP on the three SPMs could be divided into two phases, the rapid sorption phase and the slow sorption phase. A third phase, 'apparent desorption' occurred before the slow sorption phase for NP1EO and NP2EO as well as for all mixtures. Initial sorption rate increased with the OC% content of the SPMs. At low concentration, the sorption of NP, NP1EO and NP2EO (only at low concentration for 3# SPM) followed linear isotherm on the three SPMs. The linear Kd value of NP or NP1EO increased with the OC% content of SPM. In mixtures, sorption of NP, NP1EO and NP2EO increased significantly, and a 'critical point', after which sorption increased significantly, was observed in certain sorption isotherms. 相似文献
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Hung-Yi Hou Chung-Hwei SuChi-Min Shu 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2012,25(1):176-180
Many studies have been performed to clarify the basic thermal runaway hazards and kinetics of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) decomposition. However, materials that are incompatible with CHP have not been clearly identified. Alkaline solutions have been used as a catalyst to form dimethylphenyl carbinol (DMPC) and dicumyl peroxide (DCPO); however, these solutions also affect the reaction and storage temperature of CHP. In this study, thermal calorimeters, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and vent sizing package 2 (VSP2), were used to compare the effects of various bases on the decomposition of CHP in cumene. Specifically, the exothermic onset temperature, change in pressure over time, self-heating rate and heat of decomposition were evaluated. Moreover, to appraise the degree of hazard associated with the use of CHP, the compatibility of CHP with various substances was analyzed, and a risk matrix for thermal runaway reactions was obtained. The results of the present study could be used to design safety procedures for the production of CHP and its derivatives. 相似文献
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CO2的过量排放对全球的气候变暖有着不可推卸的责任,同时CO2又是一种重要的碳资源,对它的回收和利用将具有很大的经济效益和社会效益。CO2回收的方法主要是膜吸收法、变压吸附法、化学吸收法和低温分离法,特别是离子液体对CO2的吸收,为CO2的减排提供了良好的手段。 相似文献
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Examining the technology acceptance for dismantling of waste printed circuit boards in light of recycling and environmental concerns 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The dismantling of printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs) and the recovery of their useful materials can lead to serious environmental impacts mainly due to their complicated physical structure and the variety of toxic elements contained in their material composition. So far, less attention has been paid to their responsible recycling compared to that of bare printed circuit boards. Combined with other materials recovery process, proper dismantling of PCBAs is beneficial to conserve scarce resources, reuse the components, and eliminate or safely dispose of hazardous materials. In analyzing the generation, resources potential and hazardous risk of scrap PCBAs, technologies used for the dismantling of waste PCBAs have been widely investigated and reviewed from the aspects of both industrial application and laboratory-scale studies. In addition, the feasibility of PCBA dismantling has been discussed, the determinants of which, including the heating conditions and mechanical properties have been identified. Moreover, this paper evaluates the environmental consequences caused by the dismantling of PCBAs. 相似文献
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水环境健康风险评价在参数确定、暴露评估与风险表征过程中存在着不确定性因素,利用随机模拟与三角模糊数耦合模型(SS-TFN模型)进行水环境健康风险评价,降低了评价过程中人为因素的影响,有效提高评价结果的可靠性和科学性.本文将SS-TFN模型应用于盘锦市六个饮用水源地致癌物质经饮水途径的地下水环境健康风险评价中,结果表明:盘锦市六个饮用水源地的总致癌风险均超过致癌年风险率控制限值(1.0×10-5);致癌物质造成的平均个人致癌年风险率由高到低排序:Cr6+> As> Cd.盘锦市六个饮用水源地SS-TFN计算结果收敛时总的平均个人致癌年风险由高到低排列:大洼水源>兴南水源>兴一水源>盘东水源>高升水源>石山水源. 相似文献