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Horst Steiner MD Dietmar Spitzer Peter H. Weiss-Wichert Anton H. Graf Alf Staudach 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(4):373-377
A lethal form of bone dysplasia, platylospondylic lethal chondrodysplasia, was diagnosed prenatally using three-dimensional ultrasound. The various types of three-dimensional imaging mode provided diagnostic details not available by conventional two-dimensional ultrasound. The diagnosis was made after referral in the 23rd week of gestation, allowing termination of pregnancy due to the poor prognosis. Prenatal sonograms were compared with postnatal radiographs. 相似文献
123.
Seher Basaran Peter Miny Ivar-Harry Pawlowitzki Jürgen Horst Wolfgang Holzgreve 《黑龙江环境通报》1988,8(4):315-320
Direct chromosome preparations were performed on placental villi obtained by ultrasoundguided needle aspiration between 18 and 37 weeks of pregnancy in 53 patients. The sampling yielded a sufficient amount of tissue with a maximum of two, and in most cases one, insertions. Placental biopsy is easily performed in cases of severe oligohydrammnios, where fetal blood sampling is usually more difficult. Direct karyotyping of placental villi is faster than chromosome analysis from fetal blood or application of the pipette method on amniotic fluid cells, and currently represents the most rapid approach to prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. 相似文献
124.
A 37-year-old gravida was referred for CVS because of advanced maternal age. A trisomy 21 was present in all cells after short-term incubation (direct processing (DP)) and long-term culture. According to our policy, a retap was offered for confirmation of the result during the legally required 3-day waiting period between communication of the result and termination of pregnancy. Unexpectedly all cells after DP showed a normal male chromosome complement. Further investigations revealed mosaicism in trophoblast tissue and a normal karyotype in amniotic fluid cells and fetal blood (50 mitoses each). The parents elected to continue the pregnancy after extensive ultrasound examinations did not show suspicious findings. After the birth of a healthy child, cell cultures from ten different placental sites confirmed mosaicism. Four out of 100 mitoses from a lymphocyte culture showed an additional chromosome 21. The child had no dysmorphic features and the development was normal at the age of 10 weeks. This case demonstrates the restricted validity of prenatal cytogenetic analysis in the presence of true fetal mosaicism. It also stresses the benefit of our policy to offer a retap in cases with abnormal cytogenetic results prior to termination of pregnancy which is considered unnecessary by many cytogeneticists. 相似文献
125.
The German Federal Environmental Agency (Umweltbundesamt) currently runs a network of 17 air pollution monitoring stations in rural areas within the Federal Republic of Germany. Since 1982, daily bulk precipitation samples have been collected and analysed at five of these stations. As no changes in sampling and chemical analysis techniques have been introduced in this time period, an interpretation with respect to trends is possible. An increase in pH is most obvious at Deuselbach in the western part of Germany. It is related to a decrease in sulphate ions. Reduced SO2 emissions in the western part of Europe have resulted in decreasing ambient air concentrations mainly in the western part of Germany, whereas changes in concentrations close to the eastern border of West Germany were not as pronounced. Part of the decrease, however, was a consequence of three mild winters in sequence at the end of the period, with little easterly air flow. Estimated dry deposition fluxes of sulphur at 3 rural stations in West Germany were lower in 1988/1989 compared to 1980-1987 by 44-69%. Wet deposition showed between 8% increase and 25% decrease. The resulting reduction in total sulphur deposition ranged from 17-54%. Deposition via interception of fog droplets was not measured. 相似文献
126.
William R. Cullen Qingqing Liu Xiufen Lu Anthony McKnight-Whitfor Hanyong Peng Aleksandra Popowich Xiaowen Yan Qi Zhang Michael Fricke Hongsui Sun X. Chris Le 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(11):7-27
Hundreds of millions of people around the world are exposed to elevated concentrations of inorganic and organic arsenic compounds, increasing the risk of a wide range of health effects. Studies of the environmental fate and human health effects of arsenic require authentic arsenic compounds. We summarize here the synthesis and characterization of more than a dozen methylated and thiolated arsenic compounds that are not commercially available. We discuss the methods of synthesis for the following14 trivalent(Ⅲ) and pentavalent() arsenic compounds: monomethylarsonous acid(MMA~Ⅲ), dicysteinylmethyldithioarsenite(MMA~Ⅲ(Cys)_2), monomethylarsonic acid(MMA~Ⅴ),monomethylmonothioarsonic acid(MMMTAⅤ) or monothio-MMA~Ⅴ, monomethyldithioarsonic acid(MMDTA~Ⅴ) or dithio-MMA~Ⅴ, monomethyltrithioarsonate(MMTTA~Ⅴ) or trithio-MMA~Ⅴ,dimethylarsinous acid(DMA~Ⅲ), dimethylarsino-glutathione(DMA~Ⅲ(SG)), dimethylarsinic acid(DMA~Ⅴ), dimethylmonothioarsinic acid(DMMTA~Ⅴ) or monothio-DMAⅤ, dimethyldithioarsinic acid(DMDTA~Ⅴ) or dithio-DMA~Ⅴ, trimethylarsine oxide(TMAO~Ⅴ), arsenobetaine(AsB), and an arsenicin-A model compound. We have reviewed and compared the available methods,synthesized the arsenic compounds in our laboratories, and provided characterization information. On the basis of reaction yield, ease of synthesis and purification of product, safety considerations, and our experience, we recommend a method for the synthesis of each of these arsenic compounds. 相似文献
127.
Martin Eiden Ariel Vina-Rodriguez Josephine Schlosser Horst Schirrmeier Martin H. Groschup 《Food and environmental virology》2016,8(1):105-107
We detected Hepatitis E virus in serum samples of wild rabbits that were hunted in 1989 around the city of Greifswald, Germany. The recovery of one partial sequence and subsequent phylogenetic analysis indicates a close relationship to rabbit HEV sequences from France and suggests a long-established circulation of rabbit HEV in Europe. 相似文献
128.
Peter Harborth Roland Fuß Kai Münnich Heinz Flessa Klaus Fricke 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(10):2099-2107
Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is an effective technique, which removes organic carbon from municipal solid waste (MSW) prior to deposition. Thereby, methane (CH4) production in the landfill is strongly mitigated. However, direct measurements of greenhouse gas emissions from full-scale MBT landfills have not been conducted so far. Thus, CH4 and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from a German MBT landfill in operation as well as their concentrations in the landfill gas (LFG) were measured. High N2O emissions of 20–200 g CO2 eq. m?2 h?1 magnitude (up to 428 mg N m?2 h?1) were observed within 20 m of the working face. CH4 emissions were highest at the landfill zone located at a distance of 30–40 m from the working face, where they reached about 10 g CO2 eq. m?2 h?1. The MBT material in this area has been deposited several weeks earlier. Maximum LFG concentration for N2O was 24.000 ppmv in material below the emission hotspot. At a depth of 50 cm from the landfill surface a strong negative correlation between N2O and CH4 concentrations was observed. From this and from the distribution pattern of extractable ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate it has been concluded that strong N2O production is associated with nitrification activity and the occurrence of nitrite and nitrate, which is initiated by oxygen input during waste deposition. Therefore, CH4 mitigation measures, which often employ aeration, could result in a net increase of GHG emissions due to increased N2O emissions, especially at MBT landfills. 相似文献
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