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681.
A novel cost-effective thermal treatment technology has been proposed for the removal of PCDD/Fs from contaminated sediment and released effluent gas using charcoal as both an adsorbent and a thermal source. When a reactor was used for thermal treatment, the PCDD/Fs removal efficiency exceeded 98% from the sediment at the three different air superficial velocities employed in this study. The total PCDD/F international toxic equivalent (I-TEQ) contents, both in the treated sediments and effluent gas, were below the Japanese emission standard limit. Analysis of the PCDD/F contents in different fractions showed that large quantities of PCDDs but not PCDFs were evaporated from the sediment and adsorbed in the moist sediment column. This difference was attributed to the formation of PCDDs from pentachlorophenol (PCP) during the cooling process following the thermal treatment process in the reactor. This proposed thermal process provides a promising alternative to the conventional methods. 相似文献
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Capability of novel ZnFe₂O₄ nanotube arrays for visible-light induced degradation of 4-chlorophenol 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Highly ordered ZnFe2O4 nanotube arrays were successfully prepared by anodic aluminum oxide templates from sol-gel solution. The results from environmental scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy indicated that the as-prepared samples were vertically aligned spinel ZnFe2O4 nanotube arrays, and the nanotubes were uniform along the axial direction with an average diameter of approximately 200 nm. The absorption edge of ZnFe2O4 nanotube arrays shifted to a higher energy in the UV-Vis absorption spectrum compared with that of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles film. The synthesized ZnFe2O4 nanotube arrays exhibited excellent photocatalytic capability for degradation of 4-chlorophenol under visible-light irradiation. The main intermediate degradation species of 4-chlorophenol identified by liquid chromatography-mass technique were benzoquinone, hydroquinone, hydroxybenzoquinone and 2-peroxy-o-dihydroxybenzene. The degradation pathways of 4-chlorophenol under visible-light irradiation was derived and discussed by interpreting the observations of the intermediate species in the photocatalytic reactions. 相似文献
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Two sediment matrices with different characteristics were amended with chars from different sources for bioaccumulation assay with filter-feeding Chironomus plumosus larvae. Chars greatly decreased porewater concentrations of PAHs (Ciw) measured using polyethylene devices in sediments. In organic rich sediment matrix-based systems where suspended char particles were absent, PAH concentrations in larvae (CiB) were significantly correlated with Ciw, and there was no difference in water-based bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) between different treatments, suggesting that water absorption was the main contaminant uptake route for larvae. In organic poor sediment matrix-based systems where suspended char particles were present, poor Pearson correlation between CiB and Ciw was found, but there was a significant linear increase of BAF values with char contents, which indicated that ingestion of suspended char particles could also be important for PAH bioaccumulation. Therefore, we need to rethink of the effectiveness and risks for the application of black carbon to sediment/soil remediation. 相似文献
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