酚类及羟基化合物对BaP代谢影响的研究

经叔-丁基-羟基-苯甲醚(BHA)对照、HPLC分析结果表明,天然化合物如从甜瓜蒂(Cucumis melo L. cucurbitaceae)提取的葫芦素B、从徐长卿根(Pycnostelma paniculatum(Bge)K.Shum)提取的牡丹酚、人工合成的对乙氧基苯酚及维生素E中间体2,3,5-三甲基氢醌对BaP在大鼠肝微粒体体外代谢均有不同程度的抑制作用。当其浓度为25μM时,对BaP9,10-二醇及9-OHBaP的生成抑制较对BaP7,8-二醇及BaP4,5-二醇的更强。     

论推广普通话的重要性

普通话是现代汉民族共同语,长期以来我国各地区人口交流存在着严重的障碍,而普通话却得不到应有的重视。本文从普通话的内涵入手,分析了当前社会中对普通话的推广工作存在的一些偏见和误解,阐述了当前社会推广普通话的意义,并分析了推广普通话的光明前景。更重要的是从经济发展、民族交流和发展教育、科技三个不同方面来阐述推广普通话的重要性。     

煤气化是削减重庆SO2污染的重要途径

解决重庆ＳＯ２污染的较好途径是采用德士古煤气化技术，文中对有关煤气化的投资和经济评估进行了探讨。     

用丁苯橡胶滤柱处理含油废水的研究

研究了用丁苯橡胶滤柱处理含油废水的可行性,探讨了不同条件下对含油废水破乳除油的影响参数,并对实际废水进行了处理。结果表明,在滤柱高50mm、线流速为3mL/s、水温为20℃的条件下,对含油量为500～600mg/L的含油废水进行处理,去除率可达80%左右。因此,该滤柱可用于含油废水的初级处理。     

Pollution of NPEOs in four municipal sewage treatment plants in the north of China

The concentration and distribution of nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEOs represents the mixture, and NPnEO represents the monomer) and its metabolites in the influent and effluent of four municipal sewage treatment plants (STPs) in the north of China were measured. Moreover, the concentration and distribution of the above chemicals in the sludge of two STPs were also determined, and the transfer and fate of NPEOs in the sewage treatment process were discussed primarily by analyzing the distribution of the products in the effluent and the sludge. The results showed that NPEOs and its metabolites existed in all the samples of the influent, effluent, and sludge. NPEOs were degraded in the sewage treatment process with the removal efficiency in the range of 23.38%–77.11%, or an average of 52.86%. However, the large analogs of NPnEO were only degraded to small ones, whose degradation rate was rather slow, and consequently the degradation was not complete. Hence, the concentrations of some small metabolites, such as nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol monoethoxylate (NP1EO), and nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO) were elevated in the effluent. These small metabolites are more toxic than the large NPnEO analogs, and some of them were reported to exhibit environmental endocrine disrupting activity. From this point of view, the process of sewage treatment does not reduce but elevate the risk of NPEOs, which becomes the main source of these small NPnEO in the environment. The sludge exhibited good adsorption ability for NPEOs, especially for the small analogs, which led to the high level of NPEOs in the sludge. Hence, reasonable disposal of the surplus sludge to avoid re-pollution is very important. Translated from Research of Environmental Sciences, 2006, 19(3): 61–66 [译自: 环境科学研究]     

紫外检测—离子色谱法测定油田水中碘离子

本文研究了用阴离子交换分离,KCI溶液作为淋洗液,紫外/可见检测器在215nm波长处测定水中碘离子浓度的最佳离子色谱条件.该方法具有无干扰、灵敏度高、方法简便等特点,而且,在碘离子浓度为0.05—8.0μg·ml~(-1)范围内,其浓度与峰高的响应值之间存在良好的线性相关关系(相关系数大于0.999).碘离子的检出限为0.012μg·ml~(-1)(按信噪比等于3计算).其保留时间和峰高的相对标准偏差分别为2.6%和1.0%(n=7).方法用于基体复杂的油田水样中碘离子的测定,得到满意的结果,标准加入回收为98.4%.     

饮用水中消毒副产物及常见阴离子的离子色谱分析

本文研究了一次进样同时测定饮用水中包括消毒副产物 (BrO_3~-,ClO_3~-)在内的九种阴离子的离子色谱法条件,相对标准偏差小于2.7％,样品测定的回收率在95％—103％。     

聚乙烯乙二醇膜处理含油废水的影响因素研究

采用不同截留分子量的聚乙烯乙二醇超滤膜（PEG），在连续错流式操作条件下用于处理乳化液废水，考察了压力、温度对透水率和CODcr去除率的影响。结果表明：超滤膜处理乳化液废水的透水率受操作压力和温度的影响．对于截留分子量为8000的超滤膜。应选择0．3～0．7MPa的操作压力；而对于截留分子量为2500的超滤膜，应选择0．7～1．0MPa的压力；同时，超滤膜的温度范围选择为25～32℃。采用截留分子量2500的聚乙烯乙二醇超滤膜，在温度28℃和压力0．5MPa条件下处理乳化液废水，CODcr去除率可达93％左右。     

朝阳地区水泥工业项目环评中应特别关注的问题

文中提出水泥工业建设项目环境影响评价不能忽视生态环境影响，并按着《环境影响评价技术导则非污染生态影响》的要求，对水泥工业建设项目生态环境影响评价进行了详细论述，使环境影响评价工作更好地为环境管理服务。     

用食盐还原回收COD废水中的银

介绍了用食盐作介质，还愿回收COD废水中慢的具体方法．