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151.
新型SBBR处理畜禽废水脱氮实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以畜禽废水为处理对象,将序批式运行模式应用到好氧三相内循环生物流化床中,考察在不同模式下的处理效果及氮的转化情况。实验结果表明,在室温条件下,进水COD浓度为2 000 mg/L左右,总氮为140 mg/L左右时,保持溶解氧在2~2.5 mg/L,交替好氧/缺氧运行方式处理效果优于单一的好氧/缺氧方式;模式为3 h(曝气)-1.5 h(停曝)-1.5 h(曝气)-1 h(停曝)时系统对总氮和氨氮处理效果最好,总氮去除率达到90%,系统主要脱氮方式为同步硝化反硝化和短程硝化反硝化。 相似文献
152.
剩余污泥减量化工艺条件优化研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
运用超声处理连续流活性污泥系统中不同种类的污泥,并将其回流至原系统中,研究其剩余污泥减量化效果。按正交实验设计并进行试验,确定最优工艺条件。结果表明:当声能密度为0.6 W/mL,作用时间为5 min,超声污泥为混合污泥,回流比为7∶120时,减量效果最佳。且在该条件下经一周期的运行,污泥减量效果达到96.24%,COD由进水的830 mg/L降至44 mg/L,NH4+-N和TN分别由进水的62.43 mg/L和103.19 mg/L,降解到2.31 mg/L和6.52 mg/L,达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)一级排放标准。 相似文献
153.
A competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay for lead ion measurement using mAbs against the lead-DTPA complex 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jun-jian Xiang Hong Wang Bin Liu Chang-wei Guo 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(5):1376-314
Immunoassays for quantitative measurement of environmental heavy metals offer several advantages over other traditional methods. To develop an immunoassay for lead, Balb/c mice were immunized with a lead-chelate-protein conjugate to allow maximum exposure of the metal to the immune system. Three stable hybridoma cell lines were obtained through spleen cells fusion with Sp2/0 cells. One cell line, 2A11D11, produced mAbs with preferential selectivity and sensitivity for Pb-DTPA than DTPA, exhibiting an affinity constant of 3.34 ± 0.24 × 109 M−1. Cross reactivity (CR) with other metals were below 1%, except for Fe(III) with a CR less than 5%. This quantitative indirect ELISA for the lead ion was used to detect environmental lead content in local water sources; importantly, the results from the immunoassay were in excellent agreement with those from ICP-MS. Development of immunoassays for metal ions may thus facilitate the detection and regulation of environmental pollution. 相似文献
154.
Gan Zhang Jun Li Yue Xu Jian-Hui Tang Xiang Liu 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(11):3392-3400
Carbonaceous aerosols were studied at three background sites in south and southwest China. Hok Tsui in Hong Kong had the highest concentrations of carbonaceous aerosols (OC = 8.7 ± 4.5 μg/m3, EC = 2.5 ± 1.9 μg/m3) among the three sites, and Jianfeng Mountains in Hainan Island (OC = 5.8 ± 2.6 μg/m3, EC = 0.8 ± 0.4 μg/m3) and Tengchong mountain over the east edge of the Tibetan Plateau (OC = 4.8 ± 4.0 μg/m3, EC = 0.5 ± 0.4 μg/m3) showed similar concentration levels. Distinct seasonal patterns with higher concentrations during the winter, and lower concentrations during the summertime were observed, which may be caused by the changes of the regional emissions, and monsoon effects. The industrial and vehicular emissions in East, Southeast and South China, and the regional open biomass burning in the Indo-Myanmar region of Asia were probably the two major potential sources for carbonaceous matters in this region. 相似文献
155.
Wenying Chen Yves-Michel Le Nindre Ruina Xu Delphine Allier Fei Teng Kim Domptail Xing Xiang Laura Guillon Jiyong Chen Lingyan Huang Rongshu Zeng 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2010,4(2):341-350
A method, based on spatial analysis of the different criteria to be taken into consideration for building scenarios of CO2 capture and storage (CCS), has been developed and applied to real case studies in the Hebei province. Totally 88 point sources (42 from power sector, 9 from iron and steel, 18 from cement, 16 from ammonia, and 3 from oil refinery) are estimated and their total emission amounts to 231.7 MtCO2/year with power, iron and steel, cement, ammonia and oil refinery sharing 59.13%, 25.03%, 11.44%, 3.5%, and 0.91%, respectively. Storage opportunities can be found in Hebei province, characterised by a strong tectonic subsidence during the Tertiary, with several kilometres of accumulated clastic sediments. Carbon storage potential for 25 hydrocarbon fields selected from the Huabei complex is estimated as 215 MtCO2 with optimistic assumption that all recovered hydrocarbon could be replaced by an equivalent volume of CO2 at reservoir conditions. Storage potential for aquifers in the Miocene Guantao formation is estimated as 747 MtCO2 if closed aquifer assumed or 371 MtCO2 if open aquifer and single highly permeable horizon assumed. Due to poor knowledge on deep hydrogeology and to pressure increase in aquifer, injecting very high rates requested by the major CO2 sources (>10 MtCO2/year) is the main challenge, therefore piezometry and discharge must be carefully controlled. A source sink matching model using ArcGIS software is designed to find the least-cost pathway and to estimate transport route and cost accounting for the additional costs of pipeline construction due to landform and land use. Source sink matching results show that only 15–25% of the emissions estimated for the 88 sources can be sequestrated into the hydrocarbon fields and the aquifers if assuming sinks should be able to accommodate at least 15 years of the emissions of a given source. 相似文献
156.
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158.
Ni2 +对活性污泥活性及群落多样性的影响简 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过检测活性污泥的电子传递体系活性以及生物多样性,研究Ni2+对活性污泥微生物活性及群落多样性的影响。结果表明:与对照系统相比,5 mg/L的Ni2+对2,3,5-triphenylteltrazolium chloride(TTC-ETS)活性未产生显著的影响;但当Ni2+的浓度进一步增大到10、20和40 mg/L后,其对序批式反应器内活性污泥TTC-ETS活性的抑制率分别达到(36.79±11.14)%、(55.88±13.90)%和(70.97±6.78)%。低浓度Ni2+能增强活性污泥微生物对碳源的利用,但高于10 mg/L的Ni2+则显著抑制了活性污泥微生物对碳源的利用。各个SBR系统中微生物群落最常见的物种相近,物种丰富度和均一性则均有所不同,其中群落物种丰富度随着Ni2+浓度的增加而逐渐减小。TTC-ETS活性、平均每孔颜色变化率、Shannon指数和Simpson指数,与Ni2+的胁迫浓度之间的显著相关性表明,它们均可有效地表征Ni2+胁迫对活性污泥微生物活性及群落多样性的影响程度。 相似文献
159.
160.
响应面法优化甘蔗渣-污泥复合活性炭的制备工艺 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了提高污泥活性炭的吸附性能以提升其实际应用价值,提出在污泥中掺杂甘蔗渣制备复合活性炭,并采用Plackett-Burman联用响应面法对影响复合活性炭碘值的条件进行筛选优化。通过Plackett-Burman实验筛选出热解温度、热解时间和甘蔗渣与污泥干重比为主要影响因素,对这3个因素进行Box-Behnken实验,经响应面优化得到影响碘值的二次响应曲面模型,模型显示热解温度与热解时间、热解温度与干重比的交互作用显著,并确定了最佳制备条件:热解温度550℃、热解时间30 min和干重比50%,此时复合活性炭碘值为814 mg/g,优于未优化条件下制备的复合活性炭。通过比表面积、孔结构和碘值的测定以及元素和扫描电镜分析得出,甘蔗渣的掺杂提高了复合活性炭的比表面积、微孔体积、碘值及含碳量。研究结果表明,甘蔗渣掺杂和制备条件优化是提高污泥活性炭吸附性能的有效手段。 相似文献