有机磷酸酯诱导迟发性神经毒性及其对神经毒性酯酶(NTE)活性影响的动态研究

以成年产卵来航母鸡为试验动物，研究了三甲基苯基磷酸酯诱导的迟发性神经毒性。试验发现，母鸡口服ＴＯＣＰ后经过大约８－１０ｄ的潜伏期开始出现中毒症状，其表现为以步态失调为主要特征的运动障碍呈进行性加重，至２１ｄ开始便发展为瘫痪。     

发光细菌对化合物的致突效应与检测研究

从明亮发光杆菌Ｔ３小种分离到的自发暗变种（Ｋ变种）Ｔ９１７１菌种对三种化合物呈致空变阳性反应，对二种化合物呈可疑阳性，发光细菌暗变种对遗传毒性化合物致突效应的灵敏度高于Ａｍｅｓ试验和浦乳动物致癌试验，可望成为一种简易灵敏的测试环境致突变物的短期生物学试验方法。     

Serum PAPP-A levels are depressed in women with fetal Down syndrome in early pregnancy

The value of maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein (PAPP)-A in screening for Down syndrome in early pregnancy was assessed using stored samples. Seventeen cases of Down syndrome and 66 unaffected control pregnancies were studied. The median PAPP-A level in the cases was 0.42 multiples of the expected value in controls (p <0.0001). Eleven cases (65 per cent) had levels less than half the expected value compared with only six controls (9 per cent). A commercial assay kit is now needed so that prospective screening with this marker can begin.     

利用微生物进行煤炭脱硫

从松藻煤矿分离到的氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Thiobacillus ferrooxidans)菌株T-4,能够利用煤炭中的黄铁矿作为能源基质,用含有细胞量10~8-10~9个/ml,pH1.55-1.70的种菌液,脱除煤炭中的无机硫,并进行了细菌煤炭脱硫的条件试验,9个样品4—72h试验结果,总硫量由1.31—2.45％降至1.05—1.88％,黄铁矿硫脱除率达86.11—95.16％.     

The epidemic characteristics of Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) in different eco-environments

Epidemiological survey of 573 families, clinical examination of 2593 persons, and X-ray examination of 1136 persons (in 16 typical endemic villages) were conducted, based on the classification of endemiology for KBD disease areas, i.e, mountain type, loess plateau type, plateau type, and flatlands type. It was revealed that the KBD disease areas exhibited the regular pattern of corming-into-being, development and passing-away and the characteristics of growth and decline. Further, it was found clinically that the disease areas may be divided into 4 types, i.e., recent onset, developing, stable, and historical. This division is simple and easy, practical, scientific, and reliable and can be applied by medical personnel at different levels.     

Ecological assessment of cities-procedure and a case study

This paper discusses the scientific background and content of the ecological assessment of cities, and takes Boda, a new town in Xinjiang province, China, as a case study.     

环状扩散管-分级采样器的建立和细粒子酸性的测定

建立了国内第一台扩散管－分级采样器，用来研究大气气胶溶胶的组成和细粒子的酸性，实验证明该采样系统能够有效地避免大气中的碱性物质对颗粒物采样的干扰。在北京，湖南等地进行了现场实验，测定了气溶胶的酸性。     

模拟酸雨对浙东北红壤中盐基离子和铝的淋失影响研究

通过对浙江省东北部杭州至宁波地区两个红壤剖面的模拟酸雨淋溶实验研究表明，随着时间的延续，盐基离子的淋失浓度会在某一时期出现一个峰值。该峰值的出现与酸雨的ｐＨ值并不简单相关，Ａｌ＾３＋的淋失浓度只是在酸雨ｐＨ值＝２．５左右才显增高并在淋出液ｐＨ＝４．０时有一个阈值，经ｐＨ＝２．５－３．０模拟酸雨１０余年降水量的淋溶，红壤中淋出液的ｐＨ值下降不超过０．８。     

稀土元素镧对金鱼藻生长生理及细胞叶绿体结构的影响

研究了稀土元素镧对金鱼藻叶绿素总量、抗坏血酸氧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶等代谢指标和细胞叶绿体亚显微结构的影响，以及金鱼藻对镧的吸收积累作用，结果表明，短期内低浓度（２－１１０ｍｇ／Ｌ）的镧对金鱼藻生长有一定刺激促进作用，但随处理时间的延长及处理浓度的提高，抑制作用明显增强，并破坏细胞叶绿体结构；金鱼藻对镧有较强的吸收积累能力。     

广东省酸雨污染与控制研究综述

收集分析了广东省十余年的各方面环境资料，得到：1991－1997年全省降水pH值的范围是4．61－4．96，酸雨频率的范围是43．4％－53．1％，呈不明确的下降趋势，广州，韶关是酸雨的中心，广东省SO2排放的高值区与酸雨的中心是一致的。研究认为，广东省酸雨主要是由自身的污染排放造成的，首先应重点抓好珠江三角洲的电厂的SO2排放的削减，研究提出了火电厂优先治理的名单及推茬治理方案，提出了SO2和酸雨防治工程计划。