低温条件下生物除磷系统的强化启动和运行

本文通过对比试验对冬季低温条件下生物除磷系统的启动和运行进行了研究，结果表明，低温条件下：(1)温度对生物除磷系统的影响是通过影响有机物的酸化水解而间接产生作用的；(2)通过人工投加HAc使污水中VFA≥80mg／L时，可以顺利启动生物除磷系统；(3)设置独立水解酸化池，可以提高生物除磷效果，在进水COD=150～300mg/L、磷酸盐=5mg／L时，出水磷酸盐≤1mg／L；(4)低温条件下按照水解-外循环ERP-SBR方式运行时，在磷酸盐浓度高达10mg／L的情况下仍能保证出水磷酸盐浓度≤0．5mg／L。     

家用洗衣粉中磷对斜生栅藻生长的影响

以洗衣粉中的有机磷为磷源,通过室内模拟的方法研究在不同磷浓度的水体条件下斜生栅藻的生长情况,以及磷对斜生栅藻的生长是否有毒害作用.通过显微计数测定藻细胞数目来探讨洗衣粉中磷对斜生栅藻生长的影响;同时分析了洗衣粉中磷对斜生栅藻96 h生长期中光合色素的影响.结果表明,洗衣粉中的磷除了促进藻生长外,其浓度过低或过高都会抑制藻的生长.由实验结果可得,磷对藻生长的富营养化作用和毒性作用取决于磷浓度的高低.     

SNCR的喷雾与混合过程及其对脱硝效率的影响

研究了SNCR(选择性无催化还原)工艺过程中还原剂液滴向炉内的喷射轨迹、以及还原剂在炉内高温空间的蒸发和混合扩散问题,得到了循环流化床锅炉不同截面的还原剂浓度分布。由研究结果可知,随着雾炬的扩散,还原剂浓度分布更加均匀,有效覆盖区域增加。根据还原剂有效覆盖范围,可以预测在合适的温度窗口处烟气的有效脱硝效率,在此基础上对喷枪喷射的液滴参数进行了优化分析。研究了不同液滴粒径分布对还原剂喷射和扩散的影响,结果表明:液滴雾化粒径的适当增大可以使蒸发时间延长,从而使得炉内还原剂与烟气中NOx更好地混合、增加还原剂的有效覆盖面积;此外,根据还原剂覆盖浓度也可对还原剂的使用量进行预测。     

三氯生在碳纳米管上的吸附

药品和个人护理用品(PPCPs)已成为一个引起广泛关注的新的环境问题。采用碳纳米管（CNTs）对水溶液中的三氯生进行吸附处理,考察了碳纳米管粒径及用量、温度、pH、振荡时间等因素对三氯生去除率的影响。研究结果表明,碳纳米管能快速吸附水中的三氯生,粒径较小的碳纳米管可获得较高的三氯生去除率;低温有利于吸附反应的进行;pH在6.5～7.0时,三氯生的去除率可达97%。三氯生在碳纳米管上的吸附可以很好地用Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程进行描述。     

Preparation and evaluation of humic acid–based composite dust suppressant for coal storage and transportation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To mitigate environmental pollution caused by the escape of dust during coal storage and transportation, humic acid (HA) and grafted acrylamide (AM)...     

Chemical characterization of fine particles from on-road vehicles in the Wutong tunnel in Shenzhen, China

Vehicle populations in China have been increasing sharply since 1990s. Vehicle emissions including various gaseous pollutants and particulate matter cause deterioration of air quality. However, measurements of particulate mater from on-road vehicles in China are scarcely reported, and thus the chemical compositions of particles emitted from vehicles in China are unknown. In this research, tunnel experiments were performed to measure PM2.5 in the Wutong tunnel, Shenzhen, China. Detailed PM2.5 chemical compositions, with organic compounds determined by GC/MS, in the tunnel were presented. Elemental carbon and organic matter composed 63% and 34% of the total PM2.5 mass in the Wutong tunnel, respectively. Alkanes, PAHs, hopanes, fatty acids, and dicarboxylic acids were the major identified organic compounds, and their source profiles in the PM2.5 in the Wutong tunnel were characterized. The comparisons of our measurements with those in the literature were also made to demonstrate the characteristics of the vehicle source profiles in the Wutong tunnel. The experimental results in this paper can improve understanding of particulate matter emitted from vehicles in China.     

Spatial variation and toxicity assessment for heavy metals in sediments of intertidal zone in a typical subtropical estuary (Min River) of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sediment samples were collected in five marshes (C1, Phragmites australis marsh; C2, P. australis and Cyperus malaccensis marsh; C3, C. malaccensis...     

Asn57 N-glycosylation promotes the degradation of hemicellulose by β-1,3–1,4-glucanase from Rhizopus homothallicus

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - N-glycosylation alters the properties of different enzymes in different ways. Rhizopus homothallicus was first described as an environmental isolate...     

热排放对湘江大型底栖无脊椎动物的影响

湘潭电厂温排水对湘江湘潭电厂江段大型底栖无脊椎动物 (以下简称底栖动物 )种类组成和数量变化的影响表明 ,在强增温区底栖动物不能生存 ;自然水温在 2 6℃以下的季节里 ,中、低增温区底栖动物种类和数量比自然水体要丰富 ,多样性指数值相应增高 ;突然停止温排 ,增温区内喜温动物有可能受冷冲击而死亡。