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861.
862.
Urban human thermal comfort (UHTC) is affected for interacting of weather condition and underlying surface framework of urban area. Urban underlying surface temperature value and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) were calculated using image interpreting and supervised classification technique by ERDAS IMAGE software using 1991 and 1999 Landsat TM images data. Reference to the relational standard of assessing human thermal comfort and other meteorology data of Hangzhou City in summer, air temperature and relative humidity variation of different land types of underlying surface were inversed. By choosing discomfort index as an indictor, the spatial distribution characteristic and the spatial variation degree of UHTC were estimated and mapped on a middle scale, that is, in six districts of Hangzhou. The main characteristics of UHTC spatial variation from 1991 to 1999 were revealed using a GIS-based calculation model. The variation mechanism were analyzed and discussed from the viewooint of citv olannino, construction and environmental orotection. 相似文献
863.
辽宁双台河口湿地生态安全评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
受人类活动强烈干扰,河口湿地的生态安全问题日益严峻。对湿地生态安全的评价研究应遵循"人—湿地"复合系统思想,文章坚持湿地可持续发展的时空观念,突出人为因素,兼顾自然因素,评价了双台河口湿地生态安全的空间状况,具体探讨了湿地核心地带生态安全的演化机理。结果表明:辽河三角洲地区生态安全水平空间差异较大,西市区、站前区为极不安全,鲅鱼圈区为不安全区,盘山县、双台子区、兴隆台区为临界安全区,老边区、大洼县为较安全区。双台河口湿地核心区所在的大洼地区,近7年来生态安全演变态势较好,由生态临界安全上升为较安全,但仍未达到理想安全状态,与周边县区生态安全等级不高有密切关系。最后提出了双台河口湿地生态安全的对策与建议。 相似文献
864.
王星辉 《防灾科技学院学报》2005,7(4):117-118
本文对高职高专院校里在非外语专业开设及如何开展外语口译课程的教学工作进行了两方面的初步探讨。首先介绍了我国目前高校里的外语教学普遍以小班教学的模式,接着就如何在高校非外语专业学生中快速培养实用型的涉外口译人才而采用的另外一种教学模式,最后分别就其所在学校如何抓口译教材建设和抓课堂教学质量等方面工作并结合自己的教学实际进行了探讨。 相似文献
865.
Wastewater treatment is one of critical issues faced by water utilities, and receives more and more attentions recently. The energy consumption modeling in biochemical wastewater treatment was investigated in the study via a general and robust approach based on Bayesian semi-parametric quantile regression. The dataset was derived from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, where the energy consumption of unit chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction was the response variable of interest. Via the proposed approach, the comprehensive regression pictures of the energy consumption and truly influencing factors, i.e., the regression relationships at lower, median and higher energy consumption levels were characterized respectively. Meanwhile, the proposals for energy saving in different cases were also facilitated specifically. First, the lower level of energy consumption was closely associated with the temperature of influent wastewater, and the chroma-rich wastewater also showed helpful in the execution of energy saving. Second, at median energy consumption level, the COD-rich wastewater played a determinative role in the reduction of energy consumption, while the higher quality of treated water led to slightly energy intensive. Third, the higher level of energy consumption was most likely to be attributed to the relatively high temperature of wastewater and total nitrogen (TN)-rich wastewater, and both of the factors were preferably to be avoided to alleviate the burden of energy consumption. The study provided an efficient approach to controlling the energy consumption of wastewater treatment in the perspective of statistical regression modeling, and offered valuable suggestions for the future energy saving. 相似文献
866.
867.
Jinfei Feng Yinxi Wang Jian Zhao Liqun Zhu Xinmin Bian Weijian Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(7):1158-1164
Air and soil pollution from traffic has been considered as a critical issue to crop production and food safety, however, few efforts have
been paid on distinguish the source origin of traffic-related contaminants in rice plant along highway. Therefore, we investigated metals
(Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn and Cu) concentrations and stable Pb isotope ratios in rice plants exposed and unexposed to highway traffic pollution
in Eastern China in 2008. Significant differences in metals concentrations between the exposed and unexposed plants existed in leaf for
Pb, Cd and Zn, in stem only for Zn, and in grain for Pb and Cd. About 46% of Pb and 41% of Cd in the grain were attributed to the
foliar uptake from atmosphere, and there were no obvious contribution of atmosphere to the accumulations of Cr, Zn and Cu in grain.
Except for Zn, all of the heavy metals in stem were attributed to the root uptake from soil, although significant accumulations of Pb and
Cd from atmosphere existed in leaf. This indicated that different processes existed in the subsequent translocation of foliar-absorbed
heavy metals between rice organs. The distinct separation of stable Pb isotope ratios among rice grain, leaf, stem, soil and vehicle
exhaust further provided evidences on the different pathways of heavy metal accumulation in rice plant. These results suggested that
further more attentions should be paid to the atmospheric deposition of heavy metals from traffic emission when plan crop layout for
food safety along highway. 相似文献
868.
O3/UV降解喹啉过程中不同氧化剂的相对重要性 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究O3 /UV降解自配喹啉水溶液时水体中存在的不同氧化剂对喹啉降解的相对重要性的结果表明 ,O3 和·OH是喹啉降解过程的主要氧化剂 .通过靛蓝二磺酸钠法和·OH探针化合物 (对氯苯甲酸 )法分别测定了水体中的O3 浓度和·OH浓度 ,定量地计算了O3 和·OH在降解喹啉时的相对重要性 ,得到喹啉与·OH的二级反应速率常数为 6 65× 1 0 9mol·(L·s) - 1.在本试验条件下 ,由·OH引起的喹啉去除率占总去除率的 88% ,而由O3 引起的喹啉去除率占总去除率的 1 2 % .提高水体中·OH的浓度有利于提高喹啉的总降解速率 . 相似文献
869.
Mao Ye Mingming Sun Fredrick Orori Kengar Jingting Wang Ni Ni Li Wang Yang Song Xinglun Yang Huixin Li Feng Hu Xin Jiang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(8):1661-1672
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)/heavy metals/fluorine(F) mixed-contaminated sites caused by abandoned metallurgic plants are receiving wide attention. To address the associated environmental problems,this study was initiated to investigate the feasibility of using carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin(CMCD) and carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC) solution to enhance ex situ soil washing for extracting mixed contaminants. Further,Tenax extraction method was combined with a first-three-compartment model to evaluate the environmental risk of residual PAHs in washed soil. In addition,the redistribution of heavy metals/F after decontamination was also estimated using a sequential extraction procedure. Three successive washing cycles using50 g/L CMCD and 5 g/L CMC solution were effective to remove 94.3% of total PAHs,93.2% of Pb,85.8% of Cd,93.4% of Cr,83.2% of Ni and 97.3% of F simultaneously. After the 3rd washing,the residual PAHs mainly existed as very slowly desorbing fractions,which were in the form of well-aged,well-sequestered compounds; while the remaining Pb,Cd,Cr,Ni and F mainly existed as Fe–Mn oxide and residual fractions,which were always present in stable mineral forms or bound to non-labile soil fractions. Therefore,this combined cleanup strategy proved to be effective and environmentally friendly. 相似文献
870.
珠江广州河段水体污染的遥感监测应用研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
由于城市工业废水和居民生活污水大量的排放,珠江水质受到严重污染,尤其有机污染更加严重。各项水质指标均严重超标。本文将运用遥感技术对珠江广州河段水环境质量中的水质污染进行监测应用研究。并建立了水质污染预测遥感模型。研究结果表明,利用遥感资料能有效地监测珠江水质污染状况,在监测水环境质量中遥感技术是一种快速,全面,有效的技术手段和方法。 相似文献