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501.
采用HZ-16型大孔树脂对含三(三溴苯氧基)三嗪(RDT-8)废水进行吸附及脱附处理。实验结果表明:在废水流量为4.0 BV/h的条件下,树脂最佳吸附工艺条件为出水体积88.0 BV,此条件下出水COD小于291 mg/L,挥发酚质量浓度小于0.08 mg/L;在脱附液流量为0.5 BV/h的条件下,树脂最佳脱附工艺条件为脱附液体积3.0 BV,此条件下脱附液中挥发酚质量浓度为30.6 mg/L,挥发酚脱附率高达76.4%。在最佳吸附-脱附工艺条件下,连续进行10次动态吸附-脱附实验,吸附出水中COD为137~294 mg/L,COD去除率为72.5%~89.1%,挥发酚质量浓度稳定在0.05 mg/L以下,挥发酚去除率为99.8%~100%,说明HZ-16型大孔树脂的吸附-脱附性能稳定。 相似文献
502.
鱼类游泳能力研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对鱼类游泳能力及其游泳状态下的生态行为研究,可以为水利水电工程过鱼、拦鱼和诱鱼等设施的设计提供依据,保证其水电工程储能设施能够发挥较大的功能。对鱼类的游泳类型及游泳能力的评价指标进行了总结,介绍了目前国内外鱼类游泳能力及行为的研究方法,并和自行设计的鱼类游泳能力装置进行了比较;从洄游鱼道设计的角度,综述了国外已有的鱼类游泳能力评价模型,主要包括最优游泳速度模型,最大游泳速度模型,跳跃高度模型及游泳耐力模型,可为鱼道设计提供关键参数。最后简述了鱼类游泳能力在鱼道设计的应用及主要的研究趋势,旨在为鱼类游泳能力相关研究及水利水电过鱼设施的设计与建设提供一定基础资料,从而促进我国生态系统的平衡和物种多样化的保护。 相似文献
503.
Phthalate exposure was found to be associated with endocrine disruption, respiratory effects, reproductive and developmental toxicity. The intensive use of plastics may be increasing the exposure to phthalates in Taiwanese population, particularly for young children.We studied phthalate metabolites in pregnant women and their newborns in a prospective cohort from a medical center in Central Taiwan. One hundred maternal urine samples and 30 paired cord blood and milk samples were randomly selected from all of participants (430 pregnant women). Eleven phthalate metabolites (MEHP, 5OH-MEHP, 2cx-MEHP, 5cx-MEPP, 5oxo-MEHP, MiBP, MnBP, MBzP, OH-MiNP, oxo-MiNP, and cx-MiNP) representing the exposure to five commonly used phthalates (DEHP, di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP), DnBP, BBP, DiNP) were measured in urine of pregnant women, cord serum and breast milk after delivery, and in urine of their children. Exposure was estimated with excretion factors and correlation among metabolites of the same parent compound. Thirty and 59 urinary samples from 2 and 5 years-old children were randomly selected from 185 children successfully followed.Total urinary phthalate metabolite concentration (geometric mean, μg L−1) was found to be higher in 2-years-olds (398.6) and 5-years-olds (333.7) than pregnant women (205.2). Metabolites in urine are mainly from DEHP. The proportion of DiNP metabolites was higher in children urine (4.39 and 8.31%, ages 2 and 5) than in adults (0.83%) (p < 0.01). Compared to urinary levels, phthalate metabolite levels are low in cord blood (37.45) and milk (14.90). DEHP metabolite levels in women’s urine and their corresponding cord blood are significantly correlated. Compared to other populations in the world, DEHP derived metabolites in maternal urine were higher, while phthalate metabolite levels in milk and cord blood were similar. The level of phthalate metabolites in milk and cord blood were comparable to those found in other populations. Further studies of health effects related to DEHP and DiNP exposure are necessary for the children. 相似文献
504.
城乡交错带土地利用方式对土壤理化性质的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以长沙市南郊山地丘陵区为研究对象,选择7种不同土地利用方式(次生林地、经济林地、杉木人工林、采伐迹地、撂荒地、苗圃地、坡耕地)研究了城乡交错带不同土地利用方式对土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:7种土地利用方式下,土壤颗粒组成主要集中在1~0.05 mm和<0.001 mm两个粒级范围内,土壤质地以重壤土和轻粘土为主。随着人为干扰程度的减弱,土壤砂粒(1.0~0.05 mm)、土壤粉粒(0.05~0.01 mm)百分率逐渐下降,<0.01 mm的土壤物理性粘粒百分率增加。自然、半自然状态利用方式的林地(次生林地、经济林地、杉木人工林地)土壤总孔隙度、含水量普遍较高,土壤密度低于坡耕地、苗圃地、撂荒地、采伐迹地,而土壤pH值、有机质含量及氮、磷、钾含量普遍高于坡耕地、苗圃地、撂荒地、采伐迹地 相似文献
505.
A biomass-generated soot was sequentially treated by HCl-HF solution, organic solvent, and oxidative acid to remove ash, extractable native organic matter (EOM), and amorphous carbon. The compositional heterogeneity and nano-structure of the untreated and treated soot samples were characterized by elemental analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, BET-N2 surface area, and electron microscopic analysis. Sorption properties of polar and nonpolar organic pollutants onto the soot samples were compared, and individual contributions of adsorption and absorption were quantified. The sorption isotherms for raw sample were practically linear, while were nonlinear for the pretreated-soot. The removal of EOM enhanced adsorption and reduced absorption, indicating that EOM served as a partitioning phase and simultaneously masked the adsorptive sites. By drastic-oxidation, the outer amorphous carbon and the inner disordered core of the soot particles were completely removed, and a fullerene-like nanoporous structure (aromatic shell) was created, which promoted additional π-π interaction between phenanthrene and the soot. 相似文献
506.
Wang C Xi JY Hu HY Kang IS 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2011,61(3):295-301
A new type of a combined ultraviolet (UV)-biofilter system for air pollution control is developed. In this paper, two conceptual mathematical submodels of the UV reactor and standalone biofilter are developed. All model parameters have been determined by independent experiments or have been taken from literature. Results from UV and the standalone biofilter submodels are in a good agreement with experimental data. However, the performance of the combined system has significantly deviated from those of the UV or standalone submodels because of the stimulating effects of UV irradiation products on the subsequent biofilter performance. A modified model that considers the stimulating effects has agreed well with experimental data over a wide range of operating conditions. Further analysis of the primary parametric sensitivity of the model has shown that inlet chlorobenzene concentrations, gas empty-bed residence time in the UV reactor, and light intensity are important operating conditions. 相似文献
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