分子碰撞与惯性分离原理在油烟净化中的应用

应用分子碰撞和惯性分离原理,对油烟烟气进行分离是一种新的油烟净化方法.阐述了该方法的净化过程、基本原理和装置的最佳条件.研究结果表明：该方法是一种新型、高效、实用的油烟净化方法,提出了进一步完善该方法的研究内容.     

污水紫外吸光度与COD的关系

利用紫外分光光度法直接测定污水中ＣＯＤ等诸因子，揭示自变量和应变量间的数理关系，简化ＣＯＤ等因子的监测。     

区域优势自然资源的评价——以河南省黄河两岸地区为例

本文试图从区域、自然资源本身和资源的外部条件出发,通过分析区域优势自然资源的概念,选择建立了衡量区域优势自然资源的6项标准体系,并以河南省黄河两岸地区为例,借助与高层次区域的比较研究,确定了该区域的优势自然资源是:铝土矿为第一优势资源,天然气为第二优势资源,以下资源次序为石油、煤、金矿、水泥灰岩、耐火粘土和水资源等。这为合理开发区域优势自然资源提供了重要科学依据.     

Changes in phototactic behavior of Daphnia magna clone C1 242 in response to copper, cadmium and pentachlorophenol

In order to develop a sound biotechnique for monitoring water quality that builds on the previous experiments carried out in our laboratory, a specific D. magna clone C1242 was used to study the effects of pollutants on phototactic behavior, in all experiments, the animals showed a stable and repeatable phototactic index approximated 0.2 in the presence and 0.4 in the absence of fish kairomenes, which decreased significantly in response to pollutants. There existed no pollutant x fish kairomone interaction, indicating the changes in phototactic behavior of animals imposed by pollutants were independent of the presence of fish kairomones. The detection limits for changes in phototactic behavior of D. magna clone C1 242 are 0.04 mg/L for copper, 0.02 mg/L for cadmium, and 0.80 mg/L for PCP, respectively, quite lowerthan LC50(48 h). The changes in phototactic behavior in presence to pollutants occurred quickly(3 h) compared to the period over whole acute toxicity tests. Therefore, D. magna clone C1 242 could be potentially used to monitor water quality. Moreover, the phototactic behavior did not decrease further in the pollutant mixtures employed in our experiments compared to individual pollutants, except in the Cd-PCP Lre.atme~t.This fact suggests that the formation of water quality criteria must be based upon pollutant mixture tests.Keywords: Daphnia; phototactic behavior; copper; cadmium; pentachlorophenol; fish kairomenes     

活性炭脱硫研究 (Ⅰ)SO2-N2-O2体系中SO2的氧化反应动力学

通过测定不同时间活性炭上的ＳＯ３蓄积量，以Ｌｎｇｍｕｉｒ－Ｈｉｎｓｈｅｌｗｏｏｄ方法进行了动力学方程的推导，发现整个过程可分为具有不同反应机理的两个阶段，在ＳＯ３蓄积量小的情况下，ＳＯ３对ＳＯ２和氧的吸附不产生影响；在ＳＯ３蓄积量达到一定限度后，同晟为一种阻抑物质，同时还获得了吸附平衡常数和反应速率常数。     

Simultaneous denitrifying phosphorus accumulation in a sequencing batch reactor

In order to achieve simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the biological treatment process, denitrifying phosphorus accumulation (DNPA) and its affecting factors were studied in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with synthetic wastewater. The results showed that when acetate was used as the sole carbon resource in the influent, the sludge acclimatized under anaerobic/aerobic operation had good phosphorus removal ability. Denitrifying phosphorus accumulation was observed soon when fed with nitrate instead of aeration following the anaerobic stage, which is a vital premise to DNPA. If DNPA sludge is fed with nitrate prior to the anaerobic stage, the DNPA would weaken or even disappear. At the high concentration of nitrate fed in the anoxic stage, the longer anoxic time needed, the better the DNPA was. Induced DNPA did not disappear even though an aerobic stage followed the anoxic stage, but the shorter the aerobic stage lasted, the higher the proportions of phosphorus removal via DNPA to total removal. Translated from Environmental Science, 2004, 25(6): 92–96 [译自: 环境科学]     

水源中央空调系统生命周期分析模型

以水源中央空调GHP1000为研究对象，通过确定功能单元、清单分析，提出了生命周期分析方法学模型，并对实际工作中发现的若干问题进行了讨论。     

产品生命周期环境负荷的研究

产品在原材料的获取．产品的生产．使用和废弃过程中都会对大气．水等造成污染。以产品为对象．利用现有的能源数据库对产品生命周期各环节的环境负荷分布进行研究。研究结果通过中型钢厂的实例可较为方便地计算产品生命周期中因使用燃料而造成的大气污染．为进行产品生态设计，清洁生产提供基础。     

基于污染物回收与资源化的新型城市污水生物净化工艺

现行城市污水生物处理系统能耗高、工艺复杂,而且污水中蕴含着能量的有机物、可作为肥料的氮和磷在处理过程中被转化、分解或以固废被处置,从而导致资源浪费.探讨了先通过生物吸附/吸收作用将污水有机物、氮、磷从水中转移到污泥中,达到污水净化的目的;再使污泥将污染物释放出来.把有机物转化为甲烷、氮、磷沉淀后回收,污泥经活化后再次用于吸附的城市污水资源化生物净化新工艺.该工艺可以最大限度地避免污染物的氧化,将极大降低能耗,同时实现资源的回收.在此论述了实现该途径的可能性与存在的问题.     

氟苯酚好氧生物降解邻位羟基化研究

利用气相色谱-质谱联机、高效液相色谱等分析方法,探讨了氟苯酚好氧生物降解历程;研究了不同pH值对间氟苯酚羟基化产物的影响.结果表明,氟苯酚好氧生物降解主要产生邻位羟基化中间产物.随着pH值升高,C2邻位羟基化产物(3-氟-1,2-邻苯二酚)与C6邻位羟基化产物(3-氟-1,6-邻苯二酚)的比值逐渐增加,pH 7.5时检测不到C6邻位羟基化产物(3-氟-1,6-邻苯二酚).