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151.
152.
灌河口附近海域水质状况调查研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
近海水域的水环境对沿海城市的可持续发展具有重要意义.根据2006年4、5月灌河口附近海域水质监测资料,对海域的水质状况进行了分析和评价研究.结果表明:pH符合《海水水质标准》(GB3097-1997)Ⅰ类水质标准,DO、COD符合Ⅰ、Ⅱ类水质标准;油类含量的平均值在0.031~0.062mg/L间变化,水质符合Ⅰ、Ⅱ类水质标准;油类含量符合Ⅰ、Ⅱ类水质标准;无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量已经超过Ⅲ、Ⅳ类水质标准;灌河口附近特殊的潮流场及苏北沿岸流对污染物质的空间分布格局的影响较大,建议对该海域进行大规模的水文监测分析,加强对海域环境的科学管理,以便及时采取对策. 相似文献
153.
稠油乳化段废水中的主要污染物为有机聚合物和石油类污染物,BOD5/COD值极低,可生化性差,通过厌氧处理可使污染物发生水解反应,BOD5/COD值由0.08升为0.15(288h),与其它难降解有机废水的厌处理结果不同,在BOD5增加的同时,COD亦大幅度增加,而在全部厌氧反应过程中,TOC一直呈下降趋势,表明水样中的污染物在生物作用下不断得到消减;在COD达到最高时,石油类污染物中胶质的浓度大幅度降低,烷烃的浓度升高,说明以胶质为代表的大分子污染物因子解反应,由K2Cr2O7不能氧化状态变为可氧化状态,导致COD测量值显著升高。 相似文献
154.
Zirconium-based materials are efficient adsorbent for aqueous phosphate removal. However, current zirconium-based materials still show unsatisfied performance on adsorption capacity and selectivity. Here, we demonstrate a zirconium hydroxide encapsulated in quaternized cellulose (QC–Zr) for the selective phosphate removal. Zirconium hydroxide nanoparticles were simultaneously generated in situ with the QC framework and firmly anchored in the three-dimensional (3D) cross-linked cellulose chains. The maximum P adsorption capacity of QC–Zr was 83.6 mg P/g. Furthermore, the QC–Zr shows high P adsorption performance in a wide pH range, generally due to the electrostatic effects of quaternized cellulose. The enhanced adsorption of P was also achieved in the presence of competing anions (including Cl?, NO3?, , ) and humic acid (HA) even at a molar ratio up to 20 levels. The column adsorption capacity of QC–Zr reached 4000 bed volumes (BV) at EBCT = 0.5 min as the P concentration decreased from 2.5 to 0.5 mg/L. Mechanism study revealed that both –N+(CH3)3 groups and zirconium hydroxide were involved in phosphate adsorption via electrostatic interactions between –N+(CH3)3 and phosphate, and the formation of zirconium hydrogen phosphate (Zr(HPO4)x). The 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study implied that P surface–precipitated and inner–sphere complexed with zirconium hydroxide at a ratio of 3:1. 相似文献
155.
Ruiping Liu Bao Liu Lijun Zhu Zan He Jiawei Ju Huachun Lan Huijuan Liu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,27(6):118-125
This study focuses on the effects of p H and fluoride at different molar ratios of fluoride to Al(R F:Al) on the removal of cadmium(Cd~(2+)) and phosphate by Al coagulation. Fluoride at R F:Al≥ 3:1 inhibits the removal of Cd over wide Al dose ranges from 5 to 10 mg/L as Al. The removal of phosphate decreases significantly at high R F:Al of 10:1 whereas at lowered R F:Al(i.e., ≤ 6:1), an adverse effect is observed only at insufficient Al doses below 2 mg/L. Fluoride shows inhibitive effects towards the removal of Cd at p H 7 and 8 and that of phosphate at p H 6. Fluoride decreases the ζ-potential in both systems, and the decreasing extent is positively correlated to the elevated R F:Al. The Al fluoride interactions include the formation of Al–F complexes and the adsorption of fluoride onto Al(OH)_3 precipitates, i.e., the formation of Al(OH)n F m. Al–F complex formation inhibits Al hydrolysis and increases residual Al levels, and a more significant increase was observed at lower p H. Al–F complexes at high R F:Al complicate the coagulation behavior of Al towards both negative and positive ionic species. Moreover, fluoride at low R F:Al shows little effect on Al coagulation behavior towards Cd~(2+)and phosphate, and the spent defluoridation adsorbent,i.e., aluminum(Al) hydro(oxide) with adsorbed fluoride at R F:Al of below 0.1:1, may be reclaimed as a coagulant after being dissolved. 相似文献
156.
Removal of tetracycline from water by Fe-Mn binary oxide 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Significant concerns have been raised over the presence of antibiotics including tetracyclines in aquatic environments. A series of Fe-Mn binary oxide with different Fe:Mn molar ratios was synthesized by a simultaneous oxidation and coprecipitation process for TC removal. Results showed that Fe-Mn binary oxide had higher removal efficiency than that of hydrous iron oxide and hydrous manganese oxide, and that the oxide with a Fe:Mn molar ratio of 5:1 was the best in removal than other molar ratios. The tetracycline removal was highly pH dependent. The removal of tetracycline decreased with the increase of initial concentration, but the absolute removal quantity was more at high concentration. The presence of cations and anions such as Ca2+, Mg2+, CO32- and SO42- had no significant effect on the tetracycline removal in our experimental conditions, while SiO32- and PO43- had hindered the adsorption of tetracycline. The mechanism investigation found that tetracycline removal was mainly achieved by the replacement of surface hydroxyl groups by the tetracycline species and formation of surface complexes at the water/oxide interface. This primary study suggests that Fe-Mn binary oxide with a proper Fe:Mn molar ratio will be a very promising material for the removal of tetracycline from aqueous solutions. 相似文献
157.
Zezhi Chen Huijuan Gong Ru Jiang Qin Jiang Weili Wu 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2010,30(6):1006-1010
Since the first landfill gas (LFG) power plant in China was built in 1998, by now more than 10 years have passed. In this period the LFG utilization process has progressed greatly in China. An overall review of the process is presented in this paper, which includes the background of policies, the information about the approval procedure of LFG projects, and the theoretical methods used to estimate the amount of LFG’s generation. Detailed analysis on the project practice, such as LFG collection techniques, LFG utilization condition in China, is made. According to statistic data, before the end of 2008, 26 LFG power projects have been built and put into operation with total power capacity around 56.8 MW, and 2.234 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent abatement has been achieved annually by all of these LFG projects. The future of LFG industry in China is expected that there is still considerable developing space for LFG utilization in the near coming years, however after 2012, the progress speed may slow down because of some adverse aspects, such as available landfill resource becomes scarce, new laws implemented in China might exclude Chinese landfills from future CDM activities, etc. 相似文献
158.
159.
160.
Qi W Qu J Liu H Hu C Lan H Ren H Xu W 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(4):1847-1855
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) partitioning among dissolved phase, suspended particulate matter, pore water, and
sediment was studied in one moderately contaminated river (Yongding New River) and two highly contaminated drainage canals
(South Drainage Canal and North Drainage Canal) of Tianjin, China. PAHs concentrations in sediment (ranged from 0.2 to 195 μg/g)
showed positive relations with both total organic carbon contents (ranged from 0.7% to 31.1%, dw) and black carbon contents
(ranged from 0.1% to 2.1%, dw) in the sediments. Moreover, most of the measured organic carbon normalized partition coefficients
of PAHs in the three streams were 0.76 to 1.54 log units higher than the predicted values. These indicated that strong and
nonlinear sorption of PAHs by carbonaceous geosorbents such as black carbon (BC) existed in the streams, and BC was an important
part of the carbonaceous particles controlling the partitioning of PAHs in the sediments of this study. PAH component ratio
analyses suggested that PAHs in the three streams, effluent samples from wastewater treatment plants, and soil samples by
the riverbank had similar main sources, which is coal/petroleum combustion. We suggested the transportation and transformation
of both carbonaceous particles and PAHs during wastewater treatment process, surface runoff, etc, should be studied further
in order to make decisions on PAHs controlling measures. 相似文献