Exposure to butylated hydroxytoluene compromises endometrial decidualization during early pregnancy

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), one of the most widely used synthetic phenolic antioxidants, is a popular food additive. Previous studies have...     

Evaluation of offline sampling for atmospheric C3-C11 non-methane hydrocarbons

The concentration variation of C3-C11 non-methane hydrocarbons(NMHCs) collected in several types of commercial flexible bags and adsorption tubes was systematically investigated using a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector(GC-FID) system. The percentage loss of each NMHC in the polyvinyl fluoride(PVF) bags was less than 5% during a 7-hr storage period; significant NMHCs loss was detected in aluminum foil composite film and fluorinated ethylene propylene bags. The thermal desorption effic...     

Occurrence and distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in the sediments of the East China Sea bays

The coastal area of the East China Sea has experienced rapid urbanization and industrialization in China since 1980 s, resulting in severe pollution of its environments.Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) are regarded as a kind of emerging pollutant with potential high risk. The sediment samples were collected from Hangzhou Bay(HB),Xiangshan Bay(XB), and Taizhou Bay(TB) to investigate the spatial occurrence and distribution of 27 ARGs and class I integron–integrase gene(intI1) in the coastal area of the East China Sea. The PCR results showed the frequent presence of 11 ARGs and intI1 in the sediments of the three bays. The qPCR results further showed that sulfonamide resistance was the most prevalent ARG type and antibiotic target replacement and protection were the most important resistance mechanisms in the sediments. Regarding the subtype of ARGs, sulI, tetW, and dfrA13 were the most abundant ARGs, in which sulI was higher in TB(based on both the absolute and relative abundances) and dfrA13 was higher in HB(based on the relative abundances). The network analysis revealed that intI1 had significant correlations with tetC, sulI, sulII, and blaPSE-1. Oil was the key connected factor, which had positive connections with sulI, sulII, and blaPSE-1. In addition, the joint effect of heavy metals and nutrients organic pollutants might be crucial for the fate of ARGs in the coastal sediments.     

青霉素菌渣肥对土壤环境及萝卜品质的影响

青霉素菌渣具有较高的营养价值,菌渣肥料化技术将成为解决菌渣处置问题的重要手段.为了评估青霉素菌渣肥肥效,通过田间小区试验,采用6种不同施肥方式[① CK,不施肥;② CF,常规量化肥;③ MF,化肥与菌渣肥1:1混施(混合肥);④ PF1,常规量青霉素菌渣肥;⑤ PF2,2倍常规量青霉素菌渣肥;⑥ PF4,4倍常规量青霉素菌渣肥],考察菌渣肥对土壤环境及萝卜品质的影响.结果表明:青霉素菌渣肥的施入相对于不施肥处理可以提高土壤营养成分的含量,其中w(速效钾)和w(速效磷)在PF2处理下增加最多,w(速效钾)增加了23.7%,w(速效磷)增加了17.9%,之后是MF;在萝卜的整个生长期,土壤中微生物的含量与青霉素菌渣肥施加量呈正相关,在发芽期微生物数量最高;此外,在发芽期各处理方式相对于不施肥处理,均能提高蛋白酶和蔗糖酶的活性,随着青霉素菌渣肥施入量的增加,脲酶活性变化不明显,蔗糖酶活性逐渐增大.在萝卜品质方面,施加青霉素菌渣肥可提高萝卜的品质,如根质量最高提高了73.57%,w(维生素C)提高11.28%~148.20%,w(可溶性糖)提高12.00%~58.60%;施加菌渣肥也会增加萝卜中硝酸盐的含量,但过量施加菌渣肥会增加硝酸盐含量,存在一定的风险.      

厌氧发酵处理红霉素菌渣的效能及红霉素降解规律研究

红霉素菌渣是宝贵的资源,但却含有少量的红霉素残留,潜在引发环境细菌耐药的风险,被国家定义为危险废物。文章采用厌氧发酵技术处理红霉素菌渣,拟借助微生物作用降低抗生素残留并制取生物燃气,文中考察了红霉素残留随厌氧发酵过程的降解规律。研究发现:中温(35℃)发酵、接种比为0.4、含固率为8%时,单位池容产气率最高,红霉素菌渣的厌氧发酵处理是可行的。此外,在发酵的10 d后,红霉素降解率达到94%以上,日相对降解率与发酵液pH相关,pH越小降解速率越大,pH越接近中性,降解越缓慢。同时得到其降解过程与厌氧发酵产气量无明显相关性。该文为红霉素菌渣安全资源化提供了基础数据。     

燃煤小锅炉替代方案论证及效益分析——以济南市为例

通过对燃煤小锅炉各可行替代方案的分析,从环境标准要求、政策要求、环境效益、经济效益和节能等方面,论证了燃煤小锅炉替代的必要性与可行性。结果表明天然气、电和生物质锅炉及集中供热均具有良好的环境效益和经济可行性,可作为燃煤小锅炉的替代方案。济南市通过实施燃煤小锅炉替代,预计将减少烟尘排放量182.61 t/a,减少SO_2排放量898.8 t/a,减少NO_x排放量2 710.7 t/a,与淘汰前燃煤小锅炉排放量相比,分别降低了87.7%、82.9%和86.2%,年可节约折标煤140 903.27 t。节能减排效益显著。可为同类燃煤小锅炉替代工程提供参考。     

基于实际飞行数据的首都机场飞机发动机日排放清单估算方法研究

根据航班实际飞行数据估算机场飞机主发动机排放量,可以提升机场排放清单编制的准确度.基于北京首都机场某日运行数据和国内1326架次航班的机载飞行数据(QAR数据),研究了基于飞行数据的机场飞机主发动机排放清单制定方法.采用一阶近似3.0(FOA3.0)方法补充国际民航组织发动机排放数据库颗粒物基准排放指数,结合QAR数据,应用波音燃油流量法2(BFFM2)估算了实际飞行条件下污染物排放指数,编制了首都机场该日飞机主发动机排放清单,分析了首都机场航班排放特征.在此基础上,探讨了结合实际数据本地化的着陆和起飞循环,以期为机场飞机主发动机排放量的快速准确核算提供新的思路.结果发现,该日航班主发动机HC、CO、NO_x和PM_(2.5)排放量分别为933.9、10967.8、14703.5和85.5 kg,较标准LTO循环估算结果的偏差分别为15.6%、13.2%、-29.1%和-18.9%.NO_x排放主要集中在起飞和爬升阶段,占其排放总量的68.0%;HC和CO排放主要集中在滑行和慢车阶段,分别占其排放总量的90.0%和88.0%;PM_(2.5)在各飞行阶段的排放较为平均.对于单位LTO循环,航班滑行过程中平均排队等候(地速为零)时间为7.7 min,产生的HC、CO、NO_x和PM_(2.5)分别占总滑行阶段对应污染物排放量的26.3%、27.5%、25.7%和27.5%,这一部分排放量有望通过场面运行优化进一步控制.     

巢湖水体和水产品中多环芳烃的含量与健康风险

利用GC-MS测定了巢湖水体15个样品及9种主要水产品中16种优控多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量,并用美国环保局(USEPA)推荐的健康风险评价模型估算了巢湖地区居民由于饮水、洗澡及食用水产品造成的PAHs暴露量.在此基础上,利用概率风险评价和蒙特卡罗模拟方法分析了巢湖水体与水产品中PAHs的健康风险及其不确定性.研究结果表明,巢湖水体中16种优控PAHs总含量(PAH16)范围为95.63～370.13ng·L-1,平均为(170.72 ±70.79) ng·L-1,BaP当量浓度(Bapeq)为(1.43±0.79) ng·L-1;水产品中PAH16的干重含量范围为129.33 ～575.31 ng·g-1,均值为(320.93±147.50) ng·g-1,BaP当量浓度为(4.67±6.68) ng·g-1.巢湖地区居民由于饮水和洗浴造成的PAH16暴露量分别为(5.76±2.39)×10-3 ng·kg-1·d-1和(25.08±10.40)×10-3 ng·kg-1·d-1,城镇与农村居民食用水产品造成的PAH16暴露量分别为(190.86±84.17) ng· kg-1· d-1和(75.88±33.47) ng·kg-1·d-1;水产品食用是巢湖地区居民PAHs暴露的主要途径.洗浴和饮水造成的PAH16暴露风险分别为(6.33±4.70)×10-9 a-1和(4.32±2.47) ×10-7 a-1,城镇与农村居民食用水产品造成的PAH16暴露风险分别为(3.17±3.79)×10-5 a-1和(1.25±1.50) ×10-5 a-1;居民食用水产的PAH16暴露风险高于USEPA建议的可接受风险(1.0×10-6 a-1),存在一定的致癌风险.水产品食用风险的不确定度较高,Bap当量浓度是影响风险评估不确定性的主要因素.     

Sorption and desorption of Cd, Cu and Pb using biomass from an eutrophized habitat in monometallic and bimetallic systems

This work examines the sorption capacity of a natural biomass collected from an irrigation pond. The biomass mainly consisted of a mixture of chlorophyte algae with caducipholic plants. Biosorption experiments were performed in monometallic and bimetallic solutions containing different metals commonly found in industrial effluents (Cd, Cu and Pb). The biosorption process was slightly slower in the binary system comparing with monometallic system which was related to competition phenomena between metal cations in solution. The biosorbent behaviour was quantified by the sorption isotherms fitting the experimental data to mathematical models. In monometallic systems, the Langmuir model showed a better fit with the following sorption order: Cu ~ Pb > Cd; and biomass-metal affinity order: Pb > Cd ~ Cu. In bimetallic systems, the binary-type Langmuir model was used and the sorption order obtained was: Pb ~ Cu > Cd. In addition, the effectiveness of the biomass was investigated in several sorption-desorption cycles using HCl and NaHCO(3). The recovery of metal was higher with HCl than with NaHCO(3), though the sorption uptake of the biomass was sensitively affected by the former desorption agent in subsequent sorption cycles.     

济钢210t转炉钢水罐热修除尘系统的设计及应用

介绍了钢水罐热修除尘系统的自主开发,除尘技术的设计,详细阐述可移动抽风罩、抗结露袋除尘器、覆膜玻璃纤维膨体纱等技术特点,以及整个除尘系统的控制技术,仅供同行参考借鉴。