Preface

Anthropogenic emissions impact significantly the atmospheric environment which human being relies on, e.g., global warming, stratospheric ozone depletion, photochemical smog, acid rain, haze and so on. Although clean air actions have been legislated by many nations to mitigate pollutants＇ emission with the aim of protecting the atmospheric environment, serious air pollution events are frequently observed in different regions, especially in developing countries. To best evaluate the effect of various control measures as well as the influence of various pollutants on the atmospheric environment, the levels, sources and sinks of the pollutants are needed to be comprehensively investigated. Since atmospheric environment involves multidisciplinary approach, scientists with different disciplines together can provide profound understandings about the atmospheric environmental problems. Sino-French Workshop on Atmospheric Environment is just one of such platforms to join scientists together for collaboration, exchange of experience and ideas.     

An improved GC-ECD method for measuring atmospheric N2O

Gas chromatography equipped with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD) has been widely used for measuring atmospheric N2O,but nonlinear response and the influence of atmospheric CO2 have been recognized as defects for quantification.An original GCECD method using N 2 as carrier gas was improved by introducing a small flow rate of CO2 makeup gas into the ECD,which could well remedy the above defects.The N2O signal of the improved method was 4-fold higher than that of the original method and the relative standard deviation was reduced from > 1% to 0.31%.N2O concentrations with different CO2 concentrations (172.2×10-6-1722×10-6mol/mol) measured by the improved GC-ECD method were in line with the actual N2O concentrations.However,the N2O concentrations detected by the original method were largely biased with a variation range of-4.5%～7%.The N2O fluxes between an agricultural field and the atmosphere measured by the original method were greatly overestimated in comparison with those measured by the improved method.Good linear correlation (R2=0.9996) between the response of the improved ECD and N2O concentrations (93×10-9-1966×10-9mol/mol) indicated that atmospheric N2O could be accurately quantified via a single standard gas.Atmospheric N2O concentrations comparatively measured by the improved method and a high precision GC-ECD method were in good agreement.     

Photocatalytic degradation of C. I. Reactive Red 24 solution with K6SiW11O39SnII

Environmental friendly materials, K₆SiW₁₁O₃₉Sn (SiWSn), was synthesized. SiWSn photocatalytic decomposition of C. I. Reactive Red 24 (RR24) with the UV-lamp (253.7 nm, 20 W), Xenon lamp filtered less than 390 nm light (500 W) and sun light was investigated. The results showed that RR24 solution could be effectively decolorized with the SiWSn photocatalyst. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of RR24 with SiWSn was affected by the initial concentration of RR2 solution, the amount of SiWSn and the photolysis time. It is demonstrated that the process of photodegradation of RR24 with SiWSn is a pesudo first-order reaction, which can be described by Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation. Hydroxyl radicals and holes are both the main oxidants in the photocatalytic reaction of RR24 with SiWSn.     

Short-term effects of real-time individual fine particulate matter exposure on lung function: a panel study in Zhuhai,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is still the primary air pollutant in most Chinese cities and its adverse effects on lung function have been widely...     

Metallic and bimetallic phosphides-based nanomaterials for photocatalytic hydrogen production and water detoxification: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Providing sustainable energy and cleaning water pollution are actually major societal issues requiring new catalysts. In particular, transition...     

Natural resources,population aging,and environmental quality: analyzing the role of green technologies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Depletion of natural resources and population aging are the two most critical challenges for environmental sustainability. However, the research that...     

秸秆还田配施石灰对酸性水稻土有机碳及碳库管理指数的影响

为探明稻秆还田配施石灰对酸性水稻土有机碳库的影响,于广东省白云区和惠阳区开展田间试验,设置常规施肥（CK）、秸秆还田+常规施肥（RS）和秸秆还田配施石灰+常规施肥（RS+L）这3个处理,分析了土壤总有机碳（TOC）、水溶性有机碳（DOC）、活性有机碳（LOC）、颗粒态有机碳（POC）、微生物量碳（MBC）、碳库指数（CPI）、稳定性有机碳（IOC）、碳库活度（L）、碳库活度指数（CPAI）和碳库管理指数（CPMI）的变化.结果表明,与CK相比,RS+L处理显著提高TOC、LOC、POC和MBC含量,增幅分别为10.24%~17.79%、34.49%~44.37%、19.27%~23.59%和33.36%~43.26%（P<0.05）.与CK相比,RS+L处理显著提高水稻生长前期（移栽后15~45 d期间）的DOC含量（P<0.05）,但对水稻生长后期的DOC无显著影响.RS+L较RS处理的TOC、LOC、POC和MBC分别提高了2.15%~6.95%、1.17%~17.90%、4.27%~8.65%和12.99%~14.53%.与CK相比,RS+L处理显著提高IOC和CPI,其增幅分别为8.32%~15.57%和14.00%~20.00%（P<0.05）.RS较CK处理显著提高CPI,其增幅为14.00%~18.00%（P<0.05）.不同处理间的L、CPAI和CPMI差异不显著.RS+L处理的土壤pH值显著高于CK处理（P<0.05）.不同处理间的水稻产量无差异.主成分分析结果表明,水稻产量主要与DOC、LOC、CPAI和CPMI相关,但对土壤有机碳和碳库管理指数变化的贡献率较低.主成分分析还表明,秸秆还田配施石灰通过改善酸性水稻土的pH值和养分含量,驱动MBC和POC等有机碳组分的形成和积累,促进SOC的提升.综上,秸秆还田配施石灰有利于酸性水稻土MBC、POC、LOC和IOC等有机碳组分的积累,从而提高土壤总有机碳含量和稳定性,是提升酸性水稻土固碳减排功能的有效途径.     

吸附法回收化工储运过程溢出气的实践与探索

分析了现有单级活性炭变温吸附回收技术使用现状,同时对目前创新发展的多级活性炭变温吸附回收技术进行了可行性分析,结果表明:在化工储运生产过程中,采用多级活性炭吸附、蒸汽脱附、常温冷却水冷凝技术回收化工储运过程溢出气比较彻底、安全.     

Characteristics and anthropogenic sources of carbonyl sulfide in Beijing

Atmospheric mixing ratios of carbonyl sulfide(COS) in Beijing were intensively measured from March 2011 to June 2013. COS mixing ratios exhibited distinct seasonal variation, with a maximum average value of 849 ± 477 pptv in winter and a minimal value of 372 ± 115 pptv in summer. The seasonal variation of COS was mainly ascribed to the combined effects of vegetation uptake and anthropogenic emissions. Two types of significant linear correlations(R2 0.66) were found between COS and CO during the periods from May to June and from October to March, with slopes(ΔCOS/ΔCO) of 0.72 and 0.14 pptv/ppbv, respectively. Based on the emission ratios of COS/CO from various sources, the dominant anthropogenic sources of COS in Beijing were found to be vehicle tire wear in summer and coal burning in winter. The total anthropogenic emission of COS in Beijing was roughly estimated as 0.53 ± 0.02 Gg/year based on the local CO emission inventory and the ΔCOS/ΔCO ratios.