PM2.5对小鼠和H9C2细胞心肌肥大相关因子mRNA表达的影响

用采自太原市4个不同季节的细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))对小鼠心肌细胞H9C2进行染毒后,采用荧光定量PCR技术检测心肌肥大相关因子ANP和TGF-β的mRNA水平.采用浓度分别为0、1、3、10μg·mL~(-1)的冬季PM_(2.5)处理H9C2细胞后,检测心肌肥大相关因子ANP、β-MHC、MMP2和MMP9的mRNA水平.之后分别选取4周龄、4月龄、10月龄C57BL/6雌性小鼠作为实验模型,采用咽后壁滴注的方法用3 mg·kg~(-1) PM_(2.5)暴露4周.采用苏木素-伊红染色(HE)对小鼠心脏组织病理切片进行观察,并检测ANP和β-MHC的mRNA水平.结果发现,与对照组相比,冬季PM_(2.5)诱导H9C2细胞中ANP和TGF-β的mRNA水平升高最为显著;其中,当冬季PM_(2.5)染毒浓度较高时可诱导ANP、β-MHC、MMP2和MMP9的mRNA水平均显著升高.经PM_(2.5)暴露4周后,幼年和老年小鼠心肌细胞核质比显著降低.老年小鼠心脏组织中ANP和β-MHC的mRNA表达水平显著上升.实验表明,冬季PM_(2.5)诱导心肌肥大标志物表达改变的效应要强于其他季节,且有一定的剂量效应关系,而老年小鼠对PM_(2.5)诱导的心肌肥大效应最为敏感.     

A case study: An explosion in a milk spray dryer,CAPSA, NW Spain

European Standard EN 14491 (2006): “Dust explosion venting protective systems”, based on German Standard VDI 3673 (2002): “Pressure venting of dust explosions”, Verein Deustcher Ingenieure, specifies the basic design requirements for the selection of dust explosion venting protection systems.In this study an investigation into the efficiency of venting surfaces in accordance with Standard EN 14491 has been undertaken to check the validation of the same. Thus, the application of the standard to an actual case of an explosion in a milk spray dryer has been studied, taking into consideration the explosive characteristics of products treated in this type of installation and their venting requirements.The results obtained indicate that, in specific situations – such as the effects of turbulence, particularly in the cone, or dust layer self-ignition – the European Standard could underestimate the venting surface requirements needed to alleviate possible excess internal pressure in order to avoid injury or structural damage to spray dryers.     

Comparative study of the methodologies based on Standard UNE 60079/10/1 and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to determine zonal reach of gas-generated Atex explosive atmospheres

This study presents two methodologies which can be used to determine the classification and extended area of hazardous zones caused by gas, vapours and mists. The first is based on UNE 60079/10/1: Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 10: Classification of hazardous areas, whilst the second is developed on the basis of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) using the FLUENT software application. Both methodologies were applied in the same case study of differing leakage components from a dairy farm steam boiler room fuelled by liquid natural gas (LNG).The results obtained show that CFD methodology is a powerful tool with a significant capacity for determining the size of an explosive atmosphere for a broad range of exhaust sources. This methodology offers more conservative results than those obtained from the analytical methodology recommended in Standard UNE 60079/10/1. Results obtained using CFD are more useful in enabling the study of turbulence phenomena, boundaries, and diverse initial and contour conditions.In contrast, the Standard UNE 60079/10/1 methodology is less conservative and aims at determining the hypothetical volume V_z of the explosive atmosphere. This volume is a measurement of the ventilation efficiency which is in turn proportional to a massive gas release through an exhaust source divided by the number of air changes in the enclosed area.From the results obtained, it can be confirmed that Standard UNE 60079/10/1 should be revised.     

轻柴油储罐火灾过程及安全性评价

从 2 0 0 2年 1月 1日起我国实施新的“轻柴油”产品标准 ,新标准将轻柴油的闪点指标由原来的≥ 65℃改为≥ 5 5℃ ,由此导致轻柴油的火灾危险类别发生变化 ,并进而引发原有轻柴油储罐能否安全储存新标准轻柴油的问题。笔者利用化学流体力学模型和挪威船级社 (DNV)的SAFETI风险评估软件对 65℃闪点和 5 5℃闪点轻柴油的储存火灾危害性进行了评估 ,取得了轻柴油火灾中危害程度的计算机模拟结果     

运用系统决策方法优选大气污染治理方案

本文运用层次分析和多目标决策技术来量化大气污染治理方案的综合效益,从而为最佳治理方案的选取提供了科学依据.     

物元分析在环境工程方案评标中的应用

根据物元分析理论，建立了环境工程方案评标的数学模型，并成功地应用于某废水治理工程的中标方案的优选工作中。     

居室生活新主张

居室是休闲的场所，环保是时尚的话题，现代休闲生活没有环保的品质，那简直是不可想象。这方面，讲究生活品质的人士很有心得，居室生活是他们倡导生活品质的第一站。让我们一起来分享他们的环保居室新生活主张。[编者按]     

水气氛下活性炭固定床对二硫化碳的吸附动力学行为

研究了二硫化碳于水气氛下在５种国产活性炭固定床上的吸附动力学行为。用直线平衡体系的穿透曲线公式对实验结果进行拟合（用误差函数求解）。根据实验数据计算出水气氛条件下各活性炭吸附二硫化碳的穿透性能参数并与干燥条件下二硫化碳吸附做了比较。     

Re-Os同位素体系在地球科学中的应用

在汇总本世纪六十年代以来国际上Re Os同位素地质学主要文献的基础上 ,概括总结了Re Os同位素地质学几十年来的研究成果。系统地介绍了Re Os同位素体系在地质年代学和示踪研究方面的应用。阐明了Re Os地质年代学的定年原理、实验技术、优势 ,以及应注意的问题 ;归纳总结了Re Os在陨石、大陆壳和地幔等不同储库中的丰度、分布及演化特征 ;回顾了近年来Re Os同位素体系在陆壳演化、洋岛玄武岩和地幔羽成因及陨石撞击等示踪研究方面的工作和进展。     

Freeliving marine nematodes as a pollution indicator of the Bohai Sea

A hierarchical diversity index-taxonomic distinctness index Δ , which was first defined by Warwick and Clark in 1998, was　employed to evaluate the pollution status of the Bohal Sea with freeliving marine nematodes. The result showed that the Bohal Bay and other　coastal sampling sites might be affected by oil and gas production and other anthropogenic influences. In other words, anthropogenic disturbance　was affecting this component of the benthos in these locations. And most offshore sampling sites in the middle of the Bohai Sea were clear and　unpolluted.