罗马尼亚金矿氰化物污染事件

2000年1月30日，罗马尼亚境内一处金矿污水沉淀池，因积水暴涨发生漫坝，10多万升含有大量氰化物、铜和铅等重金属的污水冲汇到多瑙河支流蒂萨河，并顺流南下，迅速汇入多瑙河向下游扩散，造成河鱼大量死亡，河水不能饮用。     

化学改性二次纤维／聚乙烯废弃物复合材料研究

采用从造纸废渣中分离出的二次纤维和废塑料,制得二次纤维/聚乙烯废弃物复合材料。研究了KH550预处理、二次纤维的用量以及增容剂对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:KH550的浓度为2%,预处理时间为20min,二次纤维用量约20%,增容剂的用量为6%时,所得复合材料的综合性能最佳。     

松花江肇源江段水质污染原因及对策

松花江水体污染问题,是目前国家及有关部门重视和关注的环境问题.松花江肇源江段是松花江干流水质监测的前哨.结合肇源监测站多年对CODcr、NH3-N等几个主要污染指标的数据分析,从松花江水环境的污染特征、污染现状、主要污染来源等多方面,阐述了松花江肇源江段水质污染的原因及危害,并依据松花江水质污染的特征和现状,提出保护松花江特别是肇源江段的水质污染防治措施和对策,以确保松花江母亲河的清澈美丽,还子孙后代一掬清洁的生命之水.     

Reductive degradation of nitrobenzene in aqueous solution by zero-valent iron

The reductive degradation of nitrobenzene (NB) by zero-valent iron was investigated. Experimental results showed that the degradation of NB was influenced by pH and NB concentration. The optimum pH value was found to be 3.0 for the reductive degradation of NB in the tested pH ranges of 3.0-12.0. The formation rate of aniline, a major reductive product of NB, followed zero-order kinetics at various pH levels. Furthermore, GC/MS analysis showed that aniline, azobenzene and azoxybenzene were the reductive products of NB by zero-valent iron. With the analysis of the products with GC/MS and FTIR, possible reductive pathways of NB by zero-valent iron were suggested.     

评定环境工程中标方案的AHP模型及应用

建立了评定环境工程中标方案的层次分析模型（以下简称ＡＨＰ）。对定性因素按１￣９标度构造判断矩阵；对定量因素则采用一定的数学变换，将量化值转化为判断矩阵。ＡＨＰ方法已成功地应用于某废水治理工程项目的评标工作。     

γ-射线辐照法改善城市污水厂剩余污泥厌氧消化特性的研究

采用γ-射线辐照法对城市污水厂剩余污泥进行预处理,从固体组分、可溶性组分及厌氧产气量等角度来探讨γ-射线辐照法改善城市污水厂剩余污泥厌氧消化特性的可行性.结果表明,经γ-射线辐照处理后,污泥的平均粒径减小,在辐照剂量为6.51～30.75 kGy范围内,粒径的减小率达30%～50%;可溶性有机组分随着辐照剂量升高而增加,当辐照剂量为19.4 kGy时,SCOD增加率达552.5%;与未辐照相比,污泥经2.48、6.51、11.24 kGy辐照处理后,厌氧消化累计产气量分别增加8.89%、19.74%和35.81%.γ-射线辐照法是一种有效的改善污泥厌氧消化特性的方法,11.24 kGy左右的剂量可作为污泥预处理的最佳剂量.     

热解技术在废旧印刷电路板处理及资源化中的应用

综述了热解技术在废旧印刷电路板（printed circuit board，PCB）处理及资源化中应用的研究状况。热解技术可以改善和提高PCB中金属物质的回收效果，减少污染。同时，以热解为基础的PCB中非金属物质回收技术也有着很好的发展前景。PCB热解动力学的研究表明其在1000℃以下的热解过程可划分为分别服从不同反应机理的2个阶段。PCB热解产物中的油、气产物可以回收作为化工原料或燃料。PCB热解过程中含溴阻燃剂的转化和迁移规律以及热解产物中含溴污染物的控制和脱除、热解技术与其他PCB资源化技术的合理有效整合是今后研究的重点。     

降雨促渗对地表径流污染物负荷影响模拟试验研究

建立模拟降雨装置，研究降雨条件下功能性材料与聚合物对降水土壤渗透性与地表径流污染负荷的影响。研究证实，沸石与PAM不仅能够促进降雨土壤水的人渗、延缓并减少地表径流．而且使土壤渗液和地表径流水质TSS、TN、TP、COD污染物负荷降低。以3kg／hm^2PAM、3kgPAM与7．5t／hm^2沸石、6kg／hm^2 PAM3种方式处理，径流COD负荷为对照的39．12％-69．76％、26．14％-46．63％和20．60％-28.09％；TN、TP与TSS负荷较对照分别减少44．36％-96．47％、66．63％-98．99％、93．71％-99．62％和50．46％～98．40％、83．30％～99．3l％、94．91％～99．72％和31．06％～77．23％、46．82％，86．22％、83．54％-95.33％。聚合物与功能性材料改良土壤是一种削减地袁降雨径流非点源污染的有效手段。     

畜粪污染处理与利用研究

国内外对于粪便固体物的处理主要采用焚烧法、干燥法和堆肥法等，在粪便污水处理方面主要采用厌氧消化法，它将治污、产气和综合利用相结合，使废物资源化，达到环境效益、经济效益和社会效益相统一。     

The levels, sources and reactivity of volatile organic compounds in a typical urban area of Northeast China

Air concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were continually measured at a monitoring site in Shenyang from 20 August to 16 September 2017. The average concentrations of alkanes, alkenes, aromatics and carbonyls were 28.54, 6.30, 5.59 and 9.78 ppbv, respectively. Seven sources were identified by the Positive Matrix Factorization model based on the measurement data of VOCs and CO. Vehicle exhaust contributed the most (36.15%) to the total propene-equivalent concentration of the measured VOCs, followed by combustion emission (16.92%), vegetation emission and secondary formation (14.33%), solvent usage (10.59%), petrochemical industry emission (9.89%), petrol evaporation (6.28%), and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) usage (5.84%). Vehicle exhaust, solvent usage and combustion emission were found to be the top three VOC sources for O₃ formation potential, accounting for 34.52%, 16.55% and 11.94%, respectively. The diurnal variation of the total VOCs from each source could be well explained by their emission characteristics, e.g., the two peaks of VOC concentrations from LPG usage were in line with the cooking times for breakfast and lunch. Wind rose plots of the VOCs from each source could reveal the possible distribution of the sources around the monitoring site. The O₃ pollution episodes during the measurement period were found to be coincident with the elevation of VOCs, which was mainly due to the air parcel from the southeast direction where petrochemical industry emission was found to be dominant, suggesting that the petrochemical industry emission from the southeast was probably a significant cause of O₃ pollution in Shenyang.