Highly efficient catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol and organic dyes by ultrafine palladium nanoparticles anchored on CeO2 nanorods

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Uniformly dispersed Pd nanoparticles on certain supports exhibit exceptional catalytic performance toward various environmental applications. In this...     

Effects of phase separation on dewaterability promotion and heavy metal removal of sewage sludge during bioleaching

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Bioleaching is of increasing interest because of its high efficiency in improving sludge dewaterability and removing heavy metals from sewage sludge....     

构建企业安全文化实现本质安全

企业安全文化渗透于企业技术、产品、管理等反映企业核心竞争力的各个方面,它不仅是企业实现安全目标的重要管理策略,也是企业获得长远发展的有效推动力量. 中国石化管道安全文化,是伴随企业改革发展的实践,在企业文化的基础上,在全员参与创建的过程中构建的,是从根本上提升企业安全管理水平的重要举措.     

Seasonal and spatial distribution of nonylphenol in Lanzhou Reach of Yellow River in China

Nonylphenol (NP) is known as an endocrine disruptor and consequently has drawn much environmental concern. This study focused on seasonal variation and spatial distribution of NP in various matrices including water, suspended particles, and sediment taken from Lanzhou Reach of Yellow River in China. NP was measured in July and November in 2004. Concentrations of NP in water ranged from 34.2 to 599.0 ng/l, in suspended particles from 49.6 to 2835.2 ng/g dry wt, and in sediment from 38.4 to 863.0 ng/g dry wt. In terms of most water and suspended particles samples, concentrations were higher in warmer seasons than in colder seasons. Good linear correlations (R(2)=0.90 in July, R(2)=0.97 in November) were obtained for NP concentrations between water and suspended particles. In terms of sediment samples, concentrations were higher in November than in July, probably due to greater deposition of suspended particles. Reasonable linear correlations (R(2)=0.60 in July, R(2)=0.79 in November) were obtained for NP concentrations between water and sediment.     

Two-compartment sorption of phenanthrene on eight soils with various organic carbon contents

Sorption characteristics of phenanthrene (PHE) were studied on eight soils with organic carbon contents spanning over an order of magnitude using phase distribution relationships (PDRs) at 1 h, 48 h, and 720 h contact times. A new algebraic method was employed to describe the sorption characteristics at different time intervals (between 1 h and 48 h, and 1 h and 720 h). It was found that nonlinearity increased with increasing contact time and sorption that occurred in the subsequent time interval following the initial 1 h exhibited stronger isotherm nonlinearity. Sorption coefficients were positively correlated with the organic carbon contents of the soils. Detailed sorption dynamics were also examined on these soils. A two-compartment, first-order model was used to describe the sorption dynamics. The rate constants of the two compartments differed 18-170 times, suggesting the dissimilar sorption behaviors of the mathematically separated compartments. These two compartments were labeled fast and slow sorption compartment according to the rate constants. Calculation showed that the fast compartment accounted for over 80% of the overall sorption at the initial 1 h, while the slow compartment predominated the total sorption in the following 47 h. By combining the discussion of PDRs and sorption dynamics, the contributions of the two compartments to linear and nonlinear sorption were differentiated. The slow sorption compartment made a major contribution to nonlinear sorption and possibly to sequestration of organic pollutants by these soils.     

磁场-铋膜电极伏安法测定废水中痕量Pb2+

采用磁场-铋膜电极伏安法测定废水中痕量Pb2+.铋和铅同时沉积在电极表面形成铋膜电极,为Pb2+的测定提供了一个无汞环境.在高浓度Fe3+存在时,外加磁场促进了Pb2+在电极上的沉积.在磁感应强度0.6 T、Fe3+浓度0.09 mol/L、Bi3+浓度10 μmol/L、沉积电位-0.8 V、沉积时间60 s的最佳实验条件下,该方法对Pb2+的仪器检测灵敏度为4.61μA/(μmol·L-1),线性范围为0.01～1.00μmol/L,检出限为8.5×10-4μtxmol/L.     

长江三角洲地区城镇扩展、开发区设置遥感解译

长江三角洲地区开发区的设置同城市扩展紧密相联，１９８５年以来掀起了办开发区热。通过遥感信息的解译，获取了城镇扩展和开发区的设置的数据，至１９９３年下半年，经过调整，开发区走上了稳步、健康发展的轨道，成为经济发展的“窗口”与“示范”。     

固定化微生物制备技术及生物脱氮研究

利用载体经干燥后机械强度得到提高的特性,建立一种低胶体浓度固定化微生物制备技术:包埋剂为5.5%PVA、0.45%SA,固定液为饱和硼酸与0.6%硫酸铝的混合液,包菌量为0.4g/mL包埋剂。小球硬化24 h后洗净并放入30℃鼓风干燥箱干燥3.5 h后备用。制备出的固定化微生物氨氧化速率为24.3 mg/(L·h),相对活性为77.7%。     

A comparison on the phytoremediation ability of triazophos by different macrophytes

The strategy of choosing suitable plants should receive great performance in phytoremediation of surface water polluted by triazophos(O,O-diethyl-O-(1-phenyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-base) sulfur phosphate, TAP), which is an organophosphorus pesticide widespread applied for agriculture in China and moderately toxic to higher animal and fish. The tolerance, uptake, transformation and removal of TAP by twelve species of macrophytes were examined in a hydroponic system and a comprehensive score(CS) of five parameters(relative growth rate(RGR), biomass, root/shoot ratio, removal capacity(RC), and bio-concentration factor(BCF)) by factor analysis was employed to screen the potential macrophyte species for TAP phytoremediation. The results showed that Thalia dealbata, Cyperus alternifolius, Canna indica and Acorus calamus had higher RGR values, indicating these four species having stronger growth capacity under TAP stress. The higher RC loading in Iris pseudacorus and Cyperus rotundus were 42.11 and 24.63 μg/(g fw·day), respectively. The highest values of BCF occurred in A. calamus(1.17), and TF occurred in Eichhornia crassipes(2.14). Biomass and root/shoot ratio of plant showed significant positive correlation with first-order kinetic constant of TAP removal in the hydroponic system, indicating that plant biomass and root system play important roles in remediation of TAP. Five plant species including C. alternifolius, A. calamus, T. dealbata, C. indica and Typha orientalis, which owned higher CS, would be potential species for TAP phytoremediation of contaminated water bodies.