A preliminary study on the occurrence and behavior of carbamazepine (CBZ) in aquatic environment of Yangtze River Delta, China

The occurrence and behavior of carbamazepine (CBZ) was investigated in aquatic environment of Yangtze River Delta, East China. The water samples were enriched by solid-phase extraction and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector. The validation of the analytical method included linearity (0.1?C1 mg/L), recovery studies, and determination of limits of quantification. Limits of quantification of CBZ in various aquatic samples were in the range of 0.1?C0.2 ??g/L. CBZ was detected in the Tongji University Intramural River, the Huangpu River, and the Suzhou River with the highest concentration of 1,090 ng/L, but not detected in the Nanhengyin River and the Caojia River. In sewage water samples, CBZ was not detected in one of the sewage treatment plants (STPs) but was detected in the raw influents and effluents at the other three selected STPs in Shanghai, with the concentrations ranging from 230 to 1,110 ng/L. CBZ was not completely eliminated after secondary treatment (with the active sludge process).     

氯化消毒氨基酸过程中消毒副产物生成的研究进展

作为消毒副产物的一类重要前体物,天然水体中的氨基酸受到越来越多的关注。对近几年来国内外氯化消毒氨基酸过程中消毒副产物生成情况以及生成机理的相关研究。比较了氨基酸种类、消毒剂用量、pH值、溴离子浓度等对氯化消毒氨基酸过程中消毒副产物的生成的影响,阐述了不同氨基酸在氯化过程中消毒副产物的生成机理,并展望了饮用水消毒领域未来的主要研究方向。     

Surfactant-assisted adsorption of uranyl ions in aqueous solution on TiO2/polythiophene nanocomposite

In this work, hexadecyltrimethylammonium-bromide (HTAB)-modified polythiophene (PTh)/TiO₂ nanocomposite (HTAB/PTh/TiO₂) was applied to remove uranyl ions (UO₂²⁺). FT-IR, XRD, ζ potential, TGA, SEM, and XPS were utilized to obtain the chemical and physical properties of HTAB/PTh/TiO₂. The effects of HTAB content, preparation temperature, and adsorption conditions on UO₂²⁺ removal were investigated comprehensively. And the UO₂²⁺ adsorption process on HTAB/PTh/TiO₂ was fitted to the Sips model with a saturated adsorption capacity of 234.74 mg/g, which was 6 times over TiO₂. The results suggested that the surfactant of HTAB can significantly improve the adsorption ability of TiO₂ for UO₂²⁺ ions. This work provides a strategy of surfactant modification for enhancing the separation and recovery ability of adsorbent toward UO₂²⁺ in the radioactive wastewater.

     

Concentration-dependent enantioselective accumulation of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls in Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. root from contaminative sediment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (lotus) roots were collected from contaminated sediments which were artificially adding different concentrations of chiral...     

Measuring technical efficiency associated with environmental investment: does market competition and risk matters in banking sector

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper investigates the impact of several comprehensive risks such as credit risk, capital risk, liquidity risk, and insolvency risks on Pakistani...     

A review of the technology and applications of methods for evaluating the transport of air pollutants

A variety of methods based on air quality models, including tracer methods, the brute-force method (BFM), decoupled direct method (DDM), high-order decoupled direct method (HDDM), response surface models (RSMs) and so on forth, have been widely used to study the transport of air pollutants. These methods have good applicability for the transport of air pollutants with simple formation mechanisms. However, differences in research conclusions on secondary pollutants with obvious nonlinear characteristics have been reported. For example, the tracer method is suitable for the study of simplified scenarios, while HDDM and RSMs are more suitable for the study for nonlinear pollutants. Multiple observation techniques, including conventional air pollutant observation, lidar observation, air sounding balloons, vehicle-mounted and ship-borne technology, aerial surveys, and remote sensing observations, have been utilized to investigate air pollutant transport characteristics with time resolution as high as 1 sec. In addition, based on a multi-regional input-output model combined with emission inventories, the transfer of air pollutant emissions can be evaluated and applied to study the air pollutant transport characteristics. Observational technologies have advantages in temporal resolution and accuracy, while modeling technologies are more flexible in spatial resolution and research plan setting. In order to accurately quantify the transport characteristics of pollutants, it is necessary to develop a research method for interactive verification of observation and simulation. Quantitative evaluation of the transport of air pollutants from different angles can provide a scientific basis for regional joint prevention and control.     

Insight into the critical factors determining the particle number concentrations during summer at a megacity in China

To identify the critical factors impacting the number concentration of particles with the aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 μm(PNC_(2.5)), the continuous measurement of PNC_(2.5),chemical components in PM_(2.5), gaseous pollutants and meteorological conditions were conducted at an urban site in Tianjin in June 2015. Results indicated that the average PNC_(2.5) was 2839 ± 2430 d N/dlog Dp 1/cm~3 during the campaign. Compared to other meteorological parameters, the relative humidity(RH) had the strongest relationship with PNC_(2.5), with a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.53, and RH larger than 30% influenced strongly PNC_(2.5).The important influence of secondary reactions on PNC_(2.5) was inferred due to higher correlation coefficients between PNC_(2.5) and SO_4~(2-), NO_3~-, NH_4~+(r = 0.78–0.89; p 0.01) and between PNC_(2.5) and ratios that represent the conversion of nitrogen and sulfur oxides to particulate matter(r = 0.42–0.49; p 0.01). Under specific RH conditions, there were even stronger correlations between PNC_(2.5) and NO_3~-, SO_4~(2-), NH_4~+, while those between PNC_(2.5) and EC, OC were relatively weak, especially when RH exceeded 50%. Principal component analysis(PCA) and Pearson's correlation analysis indicated that secondary sources, vehicle emission and coal combustion might be major contributors to PNC_(2.5). Backward trajectory and potential source contribution function(PSCF) analysis suggested that the transport of air masses originated from these regions around Tianjin(Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong and Jiangsu) influenced critically PNC_(2.5). The north of Jiangsu, the west of Shandong, and the east of Hebei were distinguished as major potential source-areas of PNC_(2.5) by PSCF model.     

Thermodynamics of NaHCO3 decomposition during Na2CO3-based CO2 capture

Amine-basedcarbon-capture technologies have been shown to be energetically expensive and to cause significant environmental and epidemiological impacts due to their volatility.Bicarbonate formation from carbon dioxide's reaction with water has been suggested as an effective alternative for capturing CO_2;however,the thermodynamics of this reaction are not well understood.This study experimentally determined the equilibrium constant of sodium bicarbonate(Na HCO_3)decomposition to sodium,water,and carbon dioxide;the study also compared the equilibrium constant to theoretical calculations.Using a combination of experimentation and thermodynamic relationships,the unitless equilibrium constants of the forward and reverse reactions were calculated accurately(error±9%and±4%,respectively).Equilibrium data were calculated using enthalpy and entropy values of each component of Na HCO_3decomposition at temperatures ranging from 25 to 155°C respectively.These results offer more data essential to optimizing Na HCO_3use in environmentally friendly nextgeneration CO_2-capture technologies.     

从系统控制理论谈天然气管道运输安全管理

从控制理论出发,系统分析了影响天然气管道运输安全的三因素:自身、自然和人为,提出了安全管理四措施:科学设计方案、高质量制管施工,提高本质安全水平;严格常规管控,减少人为事故的发生;建立起基于GIS数据采集的智慧管网,提高信息采集与反馈能力;加强员工自主管理能力建设,提高自主风险管控能力。     

Effects of multi-phase inoculation on the fungal community related with the improvement of medicinal herbal residues composting

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Composting has become the most important way to recycle medicinal herbal residues (MHRs). The traditional composting method, adding a microbial agent...