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111.
The activated carbon-supported TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2/AC) were prepared by a properly controlled sol-gel method. The effects of activated carbons (AC) support on inactivated properties of TiO2 nanoparticles were evaluated by photocatalytic inactivation experiments of Escherichia coli. The key factors affecting the inactivation efficiency were investigated, including electric power of lamp, temperature, and pH values. The results show that the TiO2/AC composites have high inactivation properties of E. coli in comparison with pure TiO2 powder. The kinetics of photocatalytic inactivation of E. coli was found to follow a pseudo-first order rate law for TiO2/AC composites, and kinetic behavior could be described in terms of a modified Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The values of the adsorption equilibrium constants for the bacteria, Kc, and for the rate constants, kr, were certainly depended on TiO2 content. At 47 wt.% TiO2 coatings with the highest rate constant, the Kc and kr were 1.17 × 10−8L/cfu and 1.43 × 106 cfu/(L·min), respectively. The variety of parameters shows significant effects on inactivation rate. The outer layer of bacteria decomposed first resulting in inactivation of cell, and with further illumination, the cells nearly decomposed. 相似文献
112.
以广东省21个地级市为研究对象,根据低碳发展理念与目标,结合广东省的低碳发展路径,选取与低碳城市发展密切相关的14个基础指标,构建广东省低碳城市评价指标体系进行综合评价。结果表明:(1)广东省低碳城市评价较好的城市主要有广州、深圳、珠海、佛山、惠州等。(2)参与评价的城市得分均较高,整体上具备良好发展势头。(3)排名越靠后的城市,制约指标越多,新能源与可再生能源比例是广东省低碳发展最受制约的指标。(4)单位土地面积碳排放量指标各城市间的反差最大,主要是由于各城市的市域面积不一,能源消费与经济发展不平均而造成的。 相似文献
113.
Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of cadmium (Cd) adsorbed by microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C.reinhardtii). The kinetic and adsorption isotherm of the process could be well described by mathematical models. Chemical modification experiments and Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated that carboxyl and amine groups were the important functional groups for adsorption of Cd. The maximum contribution of physical adsorption in the overall adsorption process was evaluated as 5.5%. These results indicated that chemisorption was the dominating mechanism of Cd biosorption by C.reinhardtii. 相似文献
114.
Li Songqing Raza Ali Si Ruishi Huo Xuexi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(59):89014-89028
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Recently, The literature has directed concern towards the consumption-based carbon emission (CCE), which is adjusted for trade. This study aims to... 相似文献
115.
Microcystis aeruginosa is a common aquatic toxin-producing cyanobacterium. This study explores M. aeruginosa biomass recovery using bioflocculation. Bioflocculants produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae significantly enhanced aquatic M. aeruginosa flocculation efficiency. Under neutral and acidic conditions, flocculation efficiency reached 90%, whereas flocculation efficiency was 75% under alkaline conditions. M. aeruginosa flocculation was ion dependent, and Ca2+ was determined to be the most effective cationic inducer. Negatively charged proteoglycans were identified as the being the functional components in the flocculants. Optimal conditions for M. aeruginosa flocculation were determined using response surface methodology and are as follows: (1) K. pneumoniae bioflocculant dose, 13.3?mg/L; (2) flocculation time, 1.6 hours; and (3) pH?=?5 for flocculation of 109 cells per litre. Bioflocculation using K. pneumoniae represents a promising method to control development of M. aeruginosa blooms. Further in-field investigations are necessary to fully assess its potential. 相似文献
116.
Juntao HUO Xiaohui LU Xinning WANG Hong CHEN Xingnan YE Song Gao Deborah S. Gross Jianmin CHEN Xin YANG 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2016,10(2):244-252
Fresh straw burning (SB) particles were generated in the laboratory by the combustion of rice straw and corn straw. The chemical composition and mixing state of the fresh SB particles were investigated by an Aerosol Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (ATOFMS). Based on the mass spectral patterns, the SB particles were clustered into four major types: Salt, Organic Carbon (OC), Elemental Carbon (EC), and internally mixed particles of EC and OC (EC-OC). In addition, particles containing ash, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals or nicotine were also observed. Physical and chemical changes of the SB particles immediately after the emission were analyzed with highly time-resolved data. During the aging processes, the average particle size increased steadily. Freshly emitted organic compounds were gradually oxidized to more oxygenated compounds in the OC-containing particles. Meanwhile, an important displacement reaction (2KCl+ S O 4 2 − → K2SO4 + 2Cl−) was observed. The marker ions for SB particles were optimized and applied to identify the SB particles in the ambient atmosphere. The fluctuation of the number fraction of ambient SB particles sorted by ATOFMS agrees well with that of water soluble K+ measured by an online ion chromatography, demonstrating that the optimized marker ions could be good tracers for SB particles in field measurements. 相似文献
117.
五氯酚的臭氧催化氧化特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过五氯酚(PCP)的Fe2+/O3催化氧化实验研究了其臭氧催化氧化特性,结果表明,PCP在反应5 min后几乎可以完全分解,但是TOC在反应30 min后的去除率只有50%左右,说明PCP不能被彻底氧化分解.通过对Cl-浓度的分析可知,伴随着PCP的氧化分解,苯环上的Cl会逐渐从苯环上释放到溶液中,而紫外吸光度值随反应时间的变化说明了臭氧催化氧化可以使得PCP中的苯环打开,将含有不饱和键的有机物转变成饱和的有机物.GC-MS分析结果表明,PCP的臭氧催化氧化首先是苯环的脱氯过程,随着反应的进行,苯环被打开,形成酯、醛、酸、氯代烷等小分子物质,最后被分解成CO2和H2O. 相似文献
118.
为探究多环芳烃(PAHs)在海洋生物体内富集过程,选择皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)作为受试生物,应用半静态双箱动力学模型,分别考察了3-甲基菲和9,10-甲基蒽2种多环芳烃在皱纹盘鲍体内的富集动力学过程,通过非线性拟合获得鲍鱼对2种多环芳烃的吸收速率常数(K_1)、释放速率常数(K_2)、生物富集因子(BCF),以及平衡状态下鲍鱼体内2种多环芳烃的含量(Cmax)、生物学半衰期(t_(1/2))等动力学参数。结果表明,鲍鱼对9,10-甲基蒽富集动力学参数K_1、K_2、BCF、Cmax、t_(1/2)的平均值分别为4.9437、0.406、13.59、790.03μg·L~(-1)、3.78 d。鲍鱼对3-甲基菲富集动力学参数K_1、K_2、BCF、Cmax、t_(1/2)的平均值分别为2.3023、0.367、5.97、354.37μg·L~(-1)、3.13 d。鲍鱼在不同浓度下对3-甲基菲和9,10-甲基蒽的生物富集过程均符合双箱动力学模型。 相似文献
119.
120.
Shouliang Huo Beidou Xi Jing Su Fengyu Zan Qi Chen Danfeng Ji Chunzi Ma 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(5):1001-1006
Establishing the nutrient reference condition(baseline environmental condition) of lakes in an ecoregion is a critical consideration in the development of scientifically defensible aquatic nutrient criteria.Three methods were applied to determine reference conditions in the Eastern plain ecoregion lakes with respect to total phosphorus(TP),total nitrogen(TN),planktonic chlorophyll a(Chl-a) and Secchi depth(SD).The reference condition value for the lakes in the Eastern plain ecoregion by the trisection method is TP of 0.029 mg/L,TN of 0.67 mg/L,Chl-a of 3.92 mg/m 3,SD of 0.85 m,and the reference condition range by the lake population distribution approach is TP of 0.014-0.043 mg/L,TN of 0.360-0.785 mg/L,Chl-a of 1.78-4.73 mg/m 3,SD of 0.68-1.21 m.Additionally,empirical models were developed for estimating the reference Chl-a concentration and SD successfully for lakes in the Eastern plain ecoregion.Overall,the data suggest that multiple methods can be used to determine reference conditions and that in Eastern plain ecoregion lakes the reference condition corresponds to a mesotrophic status. 相似文献