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排序方式: 共有102条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Francisco M. Baena-Moreno Mónica Rodríguez-Galán Fernando Vega Luis F. Vilches Benito Navarrete 《International Journal of Green Energy》2019,16(5):401-412
Biomethane production through biogas upgrading is a promising renewable energy for some industries which could be part of the equilibrium needed with fossil fuels consumption to achieve a sustainable society. This paper presents a comprehensive list of biogas upgrading technologies focused on carbon dioxide removal as well as recent advances reported by researcher with wide expertise in this topic. Additionally, an extensive costs–performance comparison among the technologies studied is discussed. Among the different alternatives, chemical scrubbing stood out to achieve high biomethane purities while cryogenic technologies proved to be effective against methane losses. Regarding the different costs, water scrubbing and membrane separation seem to be the most affordable techniques. 相似文献
2.
预测常压塔顶回流罐切水的关键离子浓度可以为常压塔顶系统工艺防腐提供技术指导。收集了某炼厂2014-2016年常压装置的生产实时工艺参数、原料及产品采样数据、水质分析化验参数,采用线性插值方法对不同时间尺度的数据进行补全。通过线性相关性分析获得了影响常压塔顶回流罐切水总铁离子浓度、pH的主要因素,并基于深度学习、支持向量机回归、粒子群优化方法建立了腐蚀关键参量预测模型。结果表明,pH值和总铁离子浓度的相关因素大部分重叠,与原料性质及产品馏出温度较强相关;建立的回归模型预测精度高,在训练集和预测集上,总铁离子浓度预测值与测量值最大偏差分别为4. 4%和9. 8%,pH值预测值与测量值最大偏差分别为0. 9%和1. 1%。 相似文献
3.
The article focuses on fossil energy resources in the Andean Group and Mexico, and argues for a dynamic approach to calculating reserves to production ratios. Individual countries are surveyed in terms of estimated reserves of fossil energy resources, current production rates and future prospects; energy policy options for individual countries are analysed. As a primary objective of energy policy is to ensure security of supply, it is important that calculations of reserves to production ratios accurately estimate the desired level of investment in exploration. The calculations need to take into account a variety of parameters, including different energy sources, availability and risk; geographic considerations including proximity, transport, storage capacity and commercial aspects; the competitive and environmental implications of developing indigenous resources; and the use of instruments to establish contingency plans for emergencies.
The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of OLADE, ECLAC or GTZ. The authors apologize for any inaccuracies or omissions in the article. 相似文献
The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of OLADE, ECLAC or GTZ. The authors apologize for any inaccuracies or omissions in the article. 相似文献
4.
Current demand analysis methods do not formally cover the case of chronic deficits in quantity or quality of water and sanitation
services. These services include drinking water supply (DWS), wastewater and sewage treatment (WST), and municipal solid waste
management (MSW). Formal analysis of this case would, at minimum, define the deficit state and evaluate appropriate options
for reducing it. This paper proposes for a formal analytical model for municipal sanitation systems (MSS) that operate with
deficits in at least one of the constituent services of DWS, WST, or MSW. The model introduces definitions and notation for
describing the deficit state for conducting demand analysis on municipal sanitation systems. This model of demand analysis
for systems with chronic deficits will hereinafter be referred to as deficit analysis. A case study for Bacoor, Philippines is presented as an example. 相似文献
5.
Oxidation of trichloroethene over metal oxide catalysts: kinetic studies and correlation with adsorption properties 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The performance of bulk chromium oxide is compared with that of a Mn commercial catalyst for the deep oxidation of trichloroethene (1000-2500ppmv, 55h(-1) space velocity) in air, in dry and wet (20000ppm of H(2)O) conditions, in terms of activity, selectivity and stability. Chromium oxide was found to be more active (on a catalyst weight basis), however its activity decreases continuously with time on stream. The presence of water increases its stability, the Mn catalyst showing the opposite behaviour. The effect of water on the Cr catalyst can be explained according to the Deacon equilibrium, as the presence of water tends to decrease the Cl(2) concentration, assumed to be responsible of the catalyst deactivation. Regarding to the selectivity, the Mn catalyst yields C(2)Cl(4), CCl(4) and CHCl(3) as organochlorinated by-products, whereas chromium oxide produces only trace amounts of CCl(4). Simple power-law kinetics expressions (first-order for Mn and zero-order for Cr) provide fairly good fits for the evolution of the conversion with the temperature. Furthermore, the kinetic behaviour of chromium oxide can be represented with a Langmuir-Hinshelwood model taking into account the chlorine inhibitory effect. 相似文献
6.
Robyn E. Tuerena Claire Mahaffey Sian F. Henley Camille de la Vega Louisa Norman Tim Brand Tina Sanders Margot Debyser Kirstin Dhnke Judith Braun Christian Mrz 《Ambio》2022,51(2):355
Climate change is altering nutrient cycling within the Arctic Ocean, having knock-on effects to Arctic ecosystems. Primary production in the Arctic is principally nitrogen-limited, particularly in the western Pacific-dominated regions where denitrification exacerbates nitrogen loss. The nutrient status of the eastern Eurasian Arctic remains under debate. In the Barents Sea, primary production has increased by 88% since 1998. To support this rapid increase in productivity, either the standing stock of nutrients has been depleted, or the external nutrient supply has increased. Atlantic water inflow, enhanced mixing, benthic nitrogen cycling, and land–ocean interaction have the potential to alter the nutrient supply through addition, dilution or removal. Here we use new datasets from the Changing Arctic Ocean program alongside historical datasets to assess how nitrate and phosphate concentrations may be changing in response to these processes. We highlight how nutrient dynamics may continue to change, why this is important for regional and international policy-making and suggest relevant research priorities for the future.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01673-0. 相似文献
7.
Daniel Arenas-Lago Flora A. Vega Luis Felipe O. Silva María Luisa Andrade 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(18):10997-11008
The horizons of four natural soils were treated with Cu2+ in an acid medium to study the retention capacity of Cu. The possible mineralogical changes arising because of the treatment were also studied. The soil properties and characteristics with the greatest influence on the metal retention and its distribution among the different soil fractions were determined. Crystalline phases of each horizon were determined by X-ray diffraction (XDR). The morphology, structural distribution and particle chemical composition of soil samples were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy. Cu distribution in the different geochemical phases of the soil was studied using a sequential extraction. The treatment led to an increase in the amorphous phases and the formation of new crystalline phases, such as rouaite (Cu2(NO3)(OH)3) and nitratine (NaNO3). Cu was also found superficially sorbed on amorphous hydroxy compounds of Fe that interact with albite, muscovite and gibbsite, and also on spherical and curved particles of aluminium clays. The largest amount of Cu retained was in an exchangeable form, and the smallest amount associated with the crystalline Fe oxides and residual fraction. In the surface horizons, the predominant Cu retention process is complexation in organomineral associations, while in the subsurface horizons it is adsorption. 相似文献
8.
Judith C. Chow John G. Watson Sylvia A. Edgerton Elizabeth Vega Elba Ortiz 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(4):423-434
Abstract Twenty-five MiniVol samplers were operated throughout the Mexico City metropolitan region from February 22 through March 22, 1997, to evaluate the variability of PM10 concentrations and composition. The highest PM10 concentrations were found in neighborhoods with unpaved or dirty roads, and elements related to crustal material were the main cause of differences from nearby (<200 m) monitors that were not adjacent to the roadbed. SO4 2?concentrations were homogeneous across the city. SO4 2?measured at the city boundaries was about two-thirds of the concentrations measured within the urbanized area, indicating that most SO4 2? is of regional origin. Elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) concentrations were highly variable, with higher concentrations in areas that had high diesel traffic and older vehicles. Spatial correlations among PM10 concentrations were high, even though absolute concentrations were variable, indicating a common effect of meteorology on the concentration or dispersion of local emissions. 相似文献
9.
Dyk MB Chen Z Mosadeghi S Vega H Krieger R 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2011,46(1):97-104
Pesticide handlers and pet owners who use products such as shampoos and dips and insecticide-impregnated collars to treat and control fleas on companion animals are exposed to a variety of active ingredients. Chlorpyrifos exposures of adults and children were measured using urine biomonitoring following use of over-the-counter products on dogs. Age and gender-specific measurements of urinary 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) revealed modest elevations of biomarker excretion following shampoo/dips. Smaller TCPy increments were measured following application of impregnated dog collars. The extent of indoor activity and potential pet contact were important determinants of urine biomarker level. Children without direct pet contact excreted more TCPy following collar application. Pet collars may be a source of indoor surface contamination and human exposure. Children excreted up to 4 times more TCPy than adults when urine volumes were adjusted using age-specific creatinine excretion levels. Although chlorpyrifos is no longer used in the United States in pet care products, results of this research provide perspective on the extent of human exposure from similar pet care products. These pilot studies demonstrated that pet care products such as insecticidal shampoos and dips and impregnated collars may expose family members to low levels of insecticide relative to toxic levels of concern. 相似文献
10.
Vega IA Arribére MA Almonacid AV Ribeiro Guevara S Castro-Vazquez A 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(8):3307-3316