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981.
Hosein Ghaedi Payam Kalhor Ming Zhao Peter T. Clough Edward J. Anthony Paul S. Fennell 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(7):92
982.
Hazel A. Jackson Lawrence Percival-Alwyn Camilla Ryan Mohammed F. Albeshr Luca Venturi Hernán E. Morales Thomas C. Mathers Jonathan Cocker Samuel A. Speak Gonzalo G. Accinelli Tom Barker Darren Heavens Faye Willman Deborah Dawson Lauren Ward Vikash Tatayah Nicholas Zuël Richard Young Lianne Concannon Harriet Whitford Bernardo Clavijo Nancy Bunbury Kevin M. Tyler Kevin Ruhomaun Molly K. Grace Michael W. Bruford Carl G. Jones Simon Tollington Diana J. Bell Jim J. Groombridge Matt Clark Cock Van Oosterhout 《Conservation biology》2022,36(4):e13918
The pink pigeon (Nesoenas mayeri) is an endemic species of Mauritius that has made a remarkable recovery after a severe population bottleneck in the 1970s to early 1990s. Prior to this bottleneck, an ex situ population was established from which captive-bred individuals were released into free-living subpopulations to increase population size and genetic variation. This conservation rescue led to rapid population recovery to 400–480 individuals, and the species was twice downlisted on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. We analyzed the impacts of the bottleneck and genetic rescue on neutral genetic variation during and after population recovery (1993–2008) with restriction site-associated sequencing, microsatellite analyses, and quantitative genetic analysis of studbook data of 1112 birds from zoos in Europe and the United States. We used computer simulations to study the predicted changes in genetic variation and population viability from the past into the future. Genetic variation declined rapidly, despite the population rebound, and the effective population size was approximately an order of magnitude smaller than census size. The species carried a high genetic load of circa 15 lethal equivalents for longevity. Our computer simulations predicted continued inbreeding will likely result in increased expression of deleterious mutations (i.e., a high realized load) and severe inbreeding depression. Without continued conservation actions, it is likely that the pink pigeon will go extinct in the wild within 100 years. Conservation rescue of the pink pigeon has been instrumental in the recovery of the free-living population. However, further genetic rescue with captive-bred birds from zoos is required to recover lost variation, reduce expression of harmful deleterious variation, and prevent extinction. The use of genomics and modeling data can inform IUCN assessments of the viability and extinction risk of species, and it helps in assessments of the conservation dependency of populations. 相似文献
983.
N. Speybroeck P. J. Lindsey M. Billiouw M. Madder J. K. Lindsey D. L. Berkvens 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2006,13(1):69-87
This paper presents statistical methodology to analyze longitudinal binary responses for which a sudden change in the response
occurs in time. Probability plots, transition matrices, and change-point models and more advanced techniques such as generalized
auto-regression models and hidden Markov chains are presented and applied on a study on the activity of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, the major vector of Theileria parva, a fatal disease in cattle. This study presents individual measurements on female R. appendiculatus, which are terminating their diapause (resting status) and become active. Comprehending activity patterns is very important
to better understand the ecology of R. appendiculatus. The model indicates that activity and non-activity act in an absorbing way meaning that once a tick becomes active it shows
a tendency to remain active. The change-point model estimates that the sudden change in activity happens on December 10. The
reaction of ticks on acceleration and changes in rainfall and temperature indicates that ticks can sense climatic changes.
The study revealed the underlying not visually observable states during diapause development of the adult tick of R. appendiculatus. These states could be related to phases during the dynamic event of diapause development and post-diapause activity in R. appendiculatus. 相似文献
984.
In Deception Bay, northern Australia, during 1979–1981, a study was made of the distribution of Scylla serrata (Forskal) in an area having a broad intertidal zone. Juveniles (20 to 99 mm carapace width) were resident in the mangrove zone, remaining there during low tide. The majority of subadult crabs (100 to 149 mm) migrated into the intertidal zone to feed at high tide and retreated to subtidal waters at low tide. Adults (150 mm and larger) were caught mainly subtidally and only small numbers were captured in the intertidal at high tide. Few crabs were captured in the coolest months (May to August). Adults were captured on the flats mainly in the warmest months (January to April), but subadults could be captured over the entire summer (September to March). Juveniles were found in the upper intertidal throughout the year. 相似文献
985.
L. E. M. Niers J. A. M. Smeitink J. M. F. Trijbels R. C. A. Sengers A. J. M. Janssen L. P. van den Heuvel 《黑龙江环境通报》2001,21(10):871-880
NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain) deficiency is a severe disorder with an often early fatal outcome. Prenatal diagnosis for complex I defects currently relies mainly on biochemical assays of complex I in fetal tissues such as chorionic villi (CV), and is only in a minority of cases possible by means of mutational analysis of nuclear-encoded genes of complex I. We report on our experience to date with prenatal diagnosis in pregnancies at risk for complex I deficiency. We measured complex I activity in native CV and/or cultured CV in 23 pregnancies in 15 families. In accordance with the results of the investigations in CV, 15 children were born clinically unaffected. Two prenatally diagnosed unaffected fetuses and two prenatally diagnosed affected fetuses were lost prematurely with spontaneous or provoked abortions, respectively. Two affected children were born (prenatally found to be affected). In two pregnancies a discrepancy between native and cultured cells was found. We conclude that prenatal diagnosis for complex I deficiency can be reliably performed. Pitfalls were encountered in using cultured CV as a result of maternal cell contamination (MCC). Future research on pathogenic nuclear mutations underlying complex I deficiency will extend the possibilities for prenatal diagnosis at the molecular level. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
986.
We thank B. Zentgraf for his basic and constructive ideas and his field support, R. Andi Abdoerrachman for logistic and technical support and E. Shimokawa, Kagoshima University, for providing a charcoal sample from Kutai National Park. We thank P. Becker-Heidmann, Isotope Dating Laboratory, University of Hamburg, for his immediate 14C-dating by Liquid Scintillation Counting, and Chr. Goedicke, Rathgen Research Laboratory, Staatliche Museen Preussischer Kulturbesitz Berlin, for immediate TL dating. M. A. Gill, C.S.I.R.O. Canberra, has critically reviewed this paper. This research was sponsored by the Volkswagen Foundation. 相似文献
987.
988.
989.
For the investigation of climatic history for the last 65 million years, several holes were drilled in 1990 on the Ontong Java Plateau by the drilling vessel Joides Resolution, under the auspices of the international Ocean Drilling Program. The Ontong Java Plateau is the largest basalt plateau on earth, and was formed in the Middle Cretaceous. From the core material, seismic reflectors from the overlying sediments can be associated with specific, climate-related oceanic events. For the cyclic sediments of the last 2 million years, high-resolution isotope curves were generated which depict the two dominant Milankovitch cycles with periods of 100 000 and 41000 years. 相似文献
990.