3种高级氧化体系处理氯苯及其稳定中间体

在运用芬顿(Fe2+/H2O2)、亚铁离子活化过硫酸钠(Fe2+/PS)和碱活化过硫酸钠(NaOH/PS)3种氧化体系处理典型污染物氯苯(CB)时,发现了3种氧化体系在氧化CB过程中对氯苯酚中间体(4-CP)产生量存在较大差异.探究了氧化剂用量对3种氧化体系降解CB及中间体4-CP的影响,通过总有机碳和游离氯离子浓度变...     

典型涂料制造企业VOCs排放量核算与排放特征分析

采集了上海地区8家不同类型的涂料制造企业中不同生产环节有组织排放的废气样本,分析其VOCs组分特征和活性VOCs物种,并应用3种实际排放量核算方法计算企业的VOCs年排放量,分析了其与排污许可排放量的关系。结果表明：1)涂料制造行业排放废气的特征组分为芳香烃、OVOCs、卤代烃,占全部VOCs质量浓度的56.2%~99.1%,乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、4-乙基甲苯、间/对二甲苯、甲苯、甲乙酮是涂料制造行业VOCs排放的典型物种;2)基于MIR值法的计算结果,芳香烃和OVOCs是涂料制造行业排放VOCs的主要活性组分,累计OFP贡献率达36.0%~99.8%,其中,4-乙基甲苯(52.1%)、氯乙烯(48.1%)、乙酸丁酯(47.9%)、乙酸乙酯(42.6%)、间/对二甲苯(41.3%)是各类涂料工艺废气中OFP贡献率最高的物质,除苯系物、乙酸酯类化合物外,氯乙烯、甲乙酮、四氢呋喃也是涂料制造过程中值得关注的活性物质;3)涂料制造企业车间的有组织废气VOCs排放量占全厂VOCs排放量的75.0%以上,其次是实验室废气,VOCs排放量为3.5%~16.8%。在VOCs实际排放量核算中,使用实测法的核算结果与物料衡算法接近,且计算简便,在正常运行时均低于许可排放限值;而产污系数法所核算数值较许可排放限值更高,在现阶段可作为一项惩罚性计算方法。     

吸附法净化工业VOCs的研究进展

挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)是大气中PM2.5及O3的关键前体物,大多易燃易爆,部分属有毒有害物质,会造成大气环境污染,有损人群健康.吸附法因简单高效及低成本等优点被广泛应用于VOCs的净化.综述了工业VOCs的类型及特点,分析了影响VOCs吸附净化效果的主要因素,如吸附材料、吸附剂物化参数(比表面积、孔结构、表面官能...     

A comparison analysis of the decoupling carbon emissions from economic growth in three industries of Heilongjiang province in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Growing environmental pressure urges China to develop in a sustainable and low carbon way, and thus China strives to achieve a carbon peak by 2030 and...     

长江流域武汉段典型湖泊中微塑料的的赋存特征及生态风险评估

塑料污染在环境中具有普遍性,对生态系统具有潜在的风险性,为新兴的全球性环境问题。武汉境内江河纵横、百湖密布,是全球同纬度地区和长江中下游湖泊型湿地的典型代表。调查了武汉湖泊表层水体中微塑料的分布特征,并采用生态风险指数 (RI) 评估了微塑料的生态风险。结果表明,微塑料丰度为2 000~7 733 items·m⁻³,远城区湖泊表层水体微塑料丰度通常高于城乡结合区湖泊,中心城区微塑料丰度具有显著差异。湖泊中微塑料以纤维状为主,其次是碎片状,大小以<1 mm的小颗粒为主,主要颜色为透明和蓝色,主要成分为聚乙烯 (PE) 、聚丙烯 (PP) 和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 (PET) 。武汉市典型湖泊表层水体中MPs生态风险指数为601.5~8 954,均属于危险或高危等级,且PE、PP和PET的生态风险指数普遍较高。该研究结果可为城市湖泊中微塑料污染治理提供参考。     

Dynamic characteristics of chlorine dispersion process and quantitative risk assessment of pollution hazard

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aim of this study was to analyze dispersion behavior characteristics and pollution hazard risk after a release of liquid chlorine. A full-scale...     

基于高效絮凝沉淀池与翻板滤池组合工艺的工程案例

以银川市某水厂为例,评估高效絮凝沉淀池与翻板滤池组合工艺的工程应用效果。结果表明,高效絮凝沉淀池与翻板滤池组合工艺能够适应较大水质波动,具有一定抗冲击负荷能力。其浊度去除率和高锰酸盐指数 (以COD_Mn计) 去除率较高,出水水质满足《生活饮用水卫生标准》 (GB/T5749-2006) 。通过调整排泥量和污泥回流比,能够有效解决沉淀池泥位超标问题。根据翻板滤池的过滤负荷和滤水阀门的开度调整反冲洗周期,能够提高过滤效率,节约电耗。少量无烟煤滤料的流失对翻板滤池出水浊度无影响。本研究结果可为低温低浊水处理工程提供设计经验和工程案例参考。     

Impact of air pollutants on hospital visits for pediatric asthma in Fuzhou city,southeast China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Rapid social development in China has resulted in severe air pollution and adverse impacts on people’s health. Although studies have been...     

纳米Fe3O4对污泥厌氧产沼气性能的影响

对采用共沉淀法制备的纳米Fe₃O₄颗粒进行表征,并探究在中温(35 ℃)厌氧消化过程中纳米Fe₃O₄浓度对产气性能的影响。结果表明:纳米Fe₃O₄浓度为100 mg/L时可使厌氧体系中的氨氮浓度维持在600~1 200 mg/L,pH为7~8,TCOD_Cr以及SCOD_Cr去除率分别提高了8.35%和9.90%;该浓度下厌氧体系中产生的挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)浓度最大,可达4 300 mg/L,且强化了对乙酸的利用;该试验组的产气性能最好,相对于空白组,其累积产气量提高了28.08%,产气周期缩短了2 d,甲烷浓度提高了6%。     

Comparison on surface properties and desulfurization of MnO2 and pyrolusite blended activated carbon by steam activation

In this study, MnO₂ and pyrolusite were used as the catalysts to prepare modified activated carbon, that is, AC-Mn and AC-P, respectively, from coals by blending method and steam activation. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) results indicated that the AC-P had higher surface areas and micropore volumes than the AC-Mn with the same blending ratio. The relative contents of basic functional groups (i.e., C = O, π-π*) on AC-P were slightly lower than those on AC-Mn, while both contained the same main metal species, namely, MnO. The desulfurization results showed that with 3 wt% of blending ratio, AC-Mn3 and AC-P3 had higher sulfur capacities at 220 and 205 mg/g, respectively, which were much higher than for the blank one (149.6 mg/g). Moreover, the AC-P had relatively higher sulfur capacity than the AC-Mn with the same contents of Mn, which might be attributed to the existence of other metals in pyrolusite. After the desulfurization process, MnO were gradually transferred into MnSO₄, and the relative contents of basic functional groups decreased evidently for both AC-Mn3 and AC-P3. The results demonstrated that pyrolusite could be one good alternative to MnO₂ to prepare modified activated carbon for desulfurization.

Implications: MnO₂ and pyrolusite were used as the additives to prepare modified activated carbon from coals by a blending method and by steam activation, that is, AC-Mn and AC-P, respectively. The AC-P had higher surface areas and micropore volumes than the AC-Mn with the same blending ratio. The AC-Mn and AC-P had higher sulfur capacities than a blank one. Moreover, the AC-P had relatively higher sulfur capacity than the AC-Mn with the same contents of Mn. The results demonstrated that pyrolusite could be one good alternative to MnO₂ to prepare modified activated carbon for desulfurizatio.