周边式二次沉淀池流态的计算模拟研究

通过计算模拟二沉池流态,解决了二沉池流态测定的难题,该模拟方法速度快、精度高、不需要实型池.通过对实际池的计算发现,周边式二沉池上溢流集中在靠池周边的区域,以垂直向上的流线为主,池中心上部存在着较大的水流死区,由此解释了该类型池澄清能力小的原因.     

中国火葬场二噁英类污染物排放及减排技术研究

对中国某火葬场9具遗体进行了二(口恶)英类污染物排放测试,测试结果表明,烟气中二(口恶)英类物质总浓度为89～350ng·m-3,毒性当量浓度为1.5～5.4ng·m-3;PCDFs的总浓度高于PCDDs的总浓度;以此估算中国2004年火化遗体过程中二(口恶)英类污染物的年排放量为11.2～46.9 g·a-1.通过实验分别研究了布袋除尘器、布袋除尘器加不同厚度的活性炭纤维毡组合对火化遗体烟气中二(口恶)英类污染物的去除效果.结果表明,布袋除尘器去除火化烟气中二(口恶)英类污染物的效率为57.4%;布袋除尘器分别与厚度为5、15mm的活性炭纤维毡组合去除火化烟气中二(口恶)英类污染物的效率分别为64.0%和89.2%.     

Dynamic fate modeling of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane in the lower reaches of the Liao River

A QWASI model dependent on temperature is parameterized to describe the long-term fate of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Liao River. The model parameters, namely fugacity capacity, degradation rate, and transfer coefficient, are profoundly affected by temperature. This model is used to simulate the fate of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) in the lower reaches of the Liao River from 1998 to 2008. Modeling results show that γ-HCH fugacity capacities in air, water, and sediment increase as temperature decreases, and the transfer and transformation rate coefficients increase as temperature increases. The variations of transfer and transformation parameter D values depend on fugacity capacities, and transfer and transformation coefficients simultaneously. The performance of the model is evaluated by comparing the predicted and observed concentrations in the water and sediment of the Liao River. The predicted values agree well with the observed value in the order of magnitude, in most cases within the factor of 3. It is believed that the model is appropriate for simulating the long term fate of POPs in the Liao River. Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(1): 121–125 [译自: 环境科学]     

六六六在水溶液中的光异构化与光化学降解

以高压汞灯为光源,研究了六六六(BHC)在水溶液中的光解。在水溶液中,除α-BHC外,BHC的光化学降解与光异构化是同时发生的。光异构化规律是:分子中一个氯原子改变其原来构象而朝着形成对光更加稳定的异构体转化。经色质谱联用鉴定,证明氯苯、二氯苯、四氯环己烯、一氯酚、二氯酚、三氯酚及三氯环己烯醇为BHC在水溶液中的光解产物。提出了包含还原脱氯和羟基取代的这一光解反应的历程。     

管式反应器石灰雾液脱硫的数学模拟

建立的一维管式反应器雾液脱硫模型是对蒸发和吸收过程的耦合，以膜理论为基础的吸收机理同时考虑了含硫组分的离解、扩散、反应和固体颗粒的溶解。参数敏感性分析表明，对系统脱硫率影响最显的是出口干湿球温差，石灰颗粒粒度和入口ＳＯ２浓度、传质过程的分析表明，反应开始阶段液膜扩散和固体溶解阻力均存在，而气膜扩散在整个反应过程中都起着重要作用。     

方轧件在椭圆孔型中轧制温度场的三维有限元分析

应用MARC/autoforge有限元软件对方轧件在椭圆孔型中的轧制温度场进行了热力耦合模拟.研究了模拟过程中的传热边界条件,分析了轧制前和轧制过程中轧件中温度场的分布和变化规律.模拟计算结果和实验结果的比较说明二者基本是相符的.     

城市大气污染物浓度预测模糊识别理论与模型

根据大气污染物的浓度具有模糊性且与多种指标相关的特点，提出对其进行预测的模糊识别理论与模型，并以二氧化硫为例，由２５个预测点大气中ＳＯ２浓度和相关指标的实测资料，利用上述理论与模型得出最优模糊预测参数，并对其它５个观测点的ＳＯ２浓度进行了预测检验。     

沉淀物和生物中U,Th和226Ra的联合测定

用放射化学法对U,Th,~(226)Ra等核素进行联合测定,国外已有不少报道,只是所用的分离方法和所测的介质不同而已。我国学者也做过一些这方面的工作。本工作建立了用三正辛胺-二甲苯萃取分离法对沉积物和生物样中U,Th和~(226)Ra的联合测定方法。 二、主要仪器与试剂     

Study of prediction for groundwater contamination in wastewater land treatment system

This paper uses a prediction model of groundwater pollution based on the experiments in the laboratory and in field .The model, which was tested and calibrated by the field observated data ,satisfactorily simulated the field conditions in land treatment system of wastewater . Particularly , the model can provide the reliable pollution prediction of heavy metals , organisms and nitrogen . The model was used to predict the groundwater pollution caused by the land treatment system in the region of North China . The calibration of the model showed that correlation coefficients between the tested and predictive data of Cr6+. As3+, organism and NH4+ could reach 0.990, which proved that the model possessed the realistic instructive significance for design and use of wastewater land treatment systems .     

层状云清除气溶胶的数值模拟

建立了一个一维层状云系的气溶胶清除模式,模式旨在模拟云发展过程中云、雨水中气溶胶浓度的时空演变规律,研究气溶胶粒子的云内清除和云下清除的相对贡献大小及其湿沉降速率等.模拟结果在一定程度上与实测结果相符.