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891.
Kühn Susanne van Oyen Albert Bravo Rebolledo Elisa L. Ask Amalie V. van Franeker Jan Andries 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(2):1643-1655
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Although ingestion of plastic by tubenosed seabirds has been documented regularly, identification of the polymer composition of these plastics has... 相似文献
892.
Grčić Ivana Marčec Jan Radetić Lucija Radovan Ana-Maria Melnjak Ivana Jajčinović Igor Brnardić Ivan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(15):18354-18367
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, we present the application of solar photocatalysis for air purification including toxic substances such as ammonia and methane normally... 相似文献
893.
The synthesis of eleven environmentally relevant mono-, di- and trichlorodibenzothiophenes (2) by photochemical ring-closure of polychlorodiphenylsulfides (1) is described. All monochlorodibenzothiophenes were additionally synthesized starting with a chlorothiophenol in a three-step reaction adapted from the synthesis of methyldibenzothiophenes. 相似文献
894.
895.
Herdis Laupsa Bruce Denby Steinar Larssen Jan Schaug 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(31):4733-4744
Air pollution emission inventories are the basis for air quality assessment and management strategies. The quality of the inventories is of great importance since these data are essential for air pollution impact assessments using dispersion models. In this study, the quality of the emission inventory for fine particulates (PM2.5) is assessed: first, using the calculated source contributions from a receptor model; second, using source apportionment from a dispersion model; and third, by applying a simple inverse modelling technique which utilises multiple linear regression of the dispersion model source contributions together with the observed PM2.5 concentrations. For the receptor modelling the chemical composition of PM2.5 filter samples from a measurement campaign performed between January 2004 and April 2005 are analysed. Positive matrix factorisation is applied as the receptor model to detect and quantify the various source contributions. For the same observational period and site, dispersion model calculations using the Air Quality Management system, AirQUIS, are performed. The results identify significant differences between the dispersion and receptor model source apportionment, particularly for wood burning and traffic induced suspension. For wood burning the receptor model calculations are lower, by a factor of 0.54, but for the traffic induced suspension they are higher, by a factor of 7.1. Inverse modelling, based on regression of the dispersion model source contributions and the PM2.5 concentrations, indicates similar discrepancies in the emissions inventory. In order to assess if the differences found at the one site are generally applicable throughout Oslo, the individual source category emissions are rescaled according to the receptor modelling results. These adjusted PM2.5 concentrations are compared with measurements at four independent stations to evaluate the updated inventory. Statistical analysis shows improvement in the estimated concentrations for PM2.5 at all sites. Similarly, inverse modelling is applied at these independent sites and this confirms the validity of the receptor model results. 相似文献
896.
K. Frans G. Olofson Patrik U. Andersson Mattias Hallquist Evert Ljungström Lin Tang Deliang Chen Jan B.C. Pettersson 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(2):340-346
Aerosol temporal and spatial distributions during wintertime temperature inversions in Gothenburg, Sweden, have been characterized by ground-based and airborne particle measurements combined with lidar measurements. Ground inversions frequently developed during evenings and nights with stable cold conditions, and the low wintertime insolation often resulted in near neutral boundary layer conditions during day-time. Under these conditions ground level aerosol concentrations peaked during morning rush hours and often remained relatively high throughout the day due to inefficient ventilation. The particle number concentrations decreased slowly with increasing altitude within the boundary layer, and measurements slightly above the boundary layer suggested limited entrainment of polluted air into the free troposphere. High concentrations of ultrafine particles were observed throughout the boundary layer up to altitudes of 1100 m, which suggested that nucleation took place within the residual layer during the night and early morning. Recently formed particles were also observed around midday when the layer near ground was ventilated by mixing into the boundary layer, which indicated that ultrafine particles were either transported down from the residual layer to ground level or formed when the polluted surface layer mixed with the cleaner air above. 相似文献
897.
Jan Simon Jana Meresova Ivan Sykora Miroslav Jeskovsky Karol Holy 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(12):2000-2004
Study of the vertical concentration profile and of the deposition of cosmogenic radionuclides provides information on the vertical transport in the stratosphere and troposphere and the processes of scavenging of aerosol particles by precipitation. Information on the distribution of atmospheric aerosols is important for the understanding of the physical processes relating to the studies in weather climate, air pollution, and aerosol physics. In this work the one-dimensional steady-state model of vertical concentration profile was established and the values of turbulent diffusion coefficient and scavenging coefficient determined by model using experimental data of the 7Be monthly average atmospheric activity concentrations and monthly deposition fluxes in Bratislava are presented. The temporal variations of the vertical distribution profiles of 7Be for each month are also calculated. 相似文献
898.
De Wilde T Mertens J Simunek J Sniegowksi K Ryckeboer J Jaeken P Springael D Spanoghe P 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(2):463-473
Biopurification systems treating pesticide contaminated water are very efficient, however they operate as a black box. Processes inside the system are not yet characterized. To optimize the performance, knowledge of degradation and retention processes needs to be generated. Therefore, displacement experiments were carried out for four pesticides (isoproturon, bentazone, metalaxyl, linuron) in columns containing different organic mixtures. Bromide, isoproturon and bentazone breakthrough curves (BTCs) were well described using the convection-dispersion equation (CDE) and a first-order degradation kinetic approach. Metalaxyl and linuron BTCs were well described using the CDE model expanded with Monod-type kinetics. Freundlich sorption, first-order degradation and Monod kinetics coefficients were fitted to the BTCs. Fitted values of the distribution coefficient Kf,column were much lower than those determined from batch experiments. Based on mobility, pesticides were ranked as: bentazone > metalaxyl - isoproturon > linuron. Based on degradability, pesticides were ranked as: linuron > metalaxyl - isoproturon > bentazone. 相似文献
899.
Effects of a herbicide-insecticide mixture in freshwater microcosms: risk assessment and ecological effect chain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Van den Brink PJ Crum SJ Gylstra R Bransen F Cuppen JG Brock TC 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(1):237-249
Effects of chronic application of a mixture of the herbicide atrazine and the insecticide lindane were studied in indoor freshwater plankton-dominated microcosms. The macroinvertebrate community was seriously affected at all but the lowest treatment levels, the zooplankton community at the three highest treatment levels, with crustaceans, caddisflies and dipterans being the most sensitive groups. Increased abundance of the phytoplankton taxa Cyclotella sp. was found at the highest treatment level. Threshold levels for lindane, both at population and community level, corresponded well with those reported in the literature. Atrazine produced fewer effects than expected, probably due to decreased grazer stress on the algae as a result of the lindane application. The safety factors set by the Uniform Principles for individual compounds were also found to ensure protection against chronic exposure to a mixture of a herbicide and insecticide at community level, though not always at the population level. 相似文献
900.
de Boer WF Cao L Barter M Wang X Sun M van Oeveren H de Leeuw J Barzen J Prins HH 《Ambio》2011,40(1):68-77
We compared the European and eastern Chinese waterbird assemblages and checked whether the effects of human disturbance could
be detected in the assemblages’ composition. For the different Chinese provinces, we expected to find a negative effect of
economic development on the mean bird species mass and on the proportion of bentivorous, piscivorous and insectivorous bird
species. We also expected to find relatively fewer large species in the Chinese assemblage. Species rank–abundance curves
were relatively similar, but China had significantly more species with smaller body masses. The China assemblage was characterized
by relatively higher abundance of heavy-bodied species, contrary to our expectations. Mean bird body mass decreased in China
with increasing disturbance and increasing gross domestic product (GDP). For coastal provinces in China the percentage of
bentivorous, piscivorous and insectivorous bird species declined with increasing GDP, maybe through the increased use of pesticides
or fertilizer. 相似文献