重大危险源安全监管基础数据标准化研究

重大危险源安全监管必须依靠信息化技术,但我国缺乏相关的标准规范,各级安全监管信息系统互不兼容,形成信息孤岛。本文研究了重大危险源安全监管信息系统标准化建设的内容和需求,提出目前最急迫的是数据标准类规范。通过对安全监管政务的工作流程和内容的分析,应用全程一体化精细建模方法基于重大危险源政务模型提取了基础数据元,并研究了基础数据元与基于XML的数据交换规范的编制。     

重大危险源安全监管基础数据标准化研究

重大危险源安全监管必须依靠信息化技术,但我国缺乏相关的标准规范,各级安全监管信息系统互不兼容,形成信息孤岛.本文研究了重大危险源安全监管信息系统标准化建设的内容和需求,提出目前最急迫的是数据标准类规范.通过对安全监管政务的工作流程和内容的分析,应用全程一体化精细建模方法基于重大危险源政务模型提取了基础数据元,并研究了基础数据元与基于XML的数据交换规范的编制.     

危险设施土地利用规划方法及其应用

国内外许多重大工业事故的发生都与危险设施不合理的土地利用规划相关.尽管相关法规对于危险设施的安全规划提出要求,但目前我国针对危险设施安全规划方法仍非常缺乏.本文介绍的危险设施土地利用规划方法简便、易行.该方法可以根据考虑危险物质种类、数量和形态、危险设施的厂区布置情况和危险物质生产方式等条件,可对危险设施的土地安全适用性进行判断,为规划许可提供参考.     

从稠油罐底泥中回收矿物油

为了回收稠油罐底泥（简称油泥）中的矿物油并提高油泥焚烧系统的处理能力,分析了辽河油泥的特点,对比传统油泥处理方法的优劣,提出了溶剂萃取-离心分离-稠油热废水洗涤-离心分离技术回收矿物油的工艺路线。实验结果表明：该工艺可回收92．07％的矿物油和56．85％的热能;残渣中矿物油的质量分数小于等于2．00％,热值大于等于5000kJ／kg,不需添加辅助燃料即可焚烧处理。     

浅谈串联四极杆质谱（GC—QqQ-MS／MS）在土壤样品有机污染物分析中的应用

建立了ASE-GPC—GC-QqQ—MS／MS测定土壤中17种有机氯农药和19种多氯联苯以及MAE-SPE—GC-QqQ—MS／MS测定土壤中16种多环芳烃和18种邻苯二甲酸酯的方法。多环芳烃和邻苯二甲酸酯定量限在0．02～2．81μg／kg之间,有机氯农药和多氯联苯定量限在0．01～0．51μg/kg之间。样品加标浓度在5μg/kg时多环芳烃和邻苯二甲酸酯的平均回收率在66．6％～122．1％之间,相对标准偏差均小于20％;有机氯农药和多氯联苯平均回收率在79．6％～93．2％之间,相对标准偏差均小于15％。     

低碳经济与清洁发展机制

针对国际社会广泛关注的气候变化和碳减排问题,文章介绍了低碳经济、清洁发展机制以及实现低碳经济的基本途径,量化了河北省碳减排潜力,分析了河北省电力、钢铁两大行业的碳减排途径,最后从项目技术开发因素和项目外部环境因素两方面具体提出了河北省发展低碳经济和清洁发展机制的对策.     

山东省絮凝剂市场需求浅析

随着水污染物排放标准的日益严格,絮凝剂的市场需求逐步增大。本文通过对山东省絮凝剂市场的实际调查,分析了絮凝剂的需求、种类、价格等市场因素,对市场需求进行预测并提出了市场营销建议。     

固定化生物活性炭处理低浓度甲醇废水

将分离筛选得到的甲醇降解菌固定在颗粒活性炭上,组成固定化生物活性炭反应系统,研究该反应系统处理轻度污染含甲醇废水的最佳运行条件和运行效果,结果表明,固定化生物活性炭处理轻度污染含甲醇放心水的方法明显好于3种树脂和单纯活性炭吸附处理,反应系统的最佳运行条件是水力负荷0．84－0．77m^3(m^2.h）,停留时间57－62min,pH7－8,温度20℃－30℃,溶解氧是去除甲醇的主要限制因子,甲醇含量为11．3－23．1mg／L时,去除率大90％,出水CODcr小于12mg／L。此外还研究了生物活性炭生物膜的一些特点,并分析了运行中活性炭吸附性能的变化。     

Contaminants-Induced Oxidative Damage on the Carp Cyprinus carpio Collected from the Upper Yellow River, China

The Yellow River, the second largest river in China, is the most important resource of water supply in North China. In the last 40 years, even in the upper Yellow River, with the development of industry and agriculture, more and more contaminants have been discharged into this river and greatly polluted the water. Although a routine chemical component analysis has been performed, little is known about the real toxic effects of the polluted water on organisms at environmental level. To explore whether the pollutants induced oxidative stress and damage to aquatic organisms, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in hepatopancreas, kidney and intestine of the field-collected carp Cyprinus carpio from a mixed polluted (Lanzhou Region, LZR) and a relatively unpolluted (Liujiaxia Region, LJXR) sites of the upper Yellow River were measured. The results showed that when the values of LZR compared with those of LJXR, SOD and GST activities increased and GPx activity decreased significantly in all the three organs (P < 0.05–0.01); CAT activity decreased but MDA level increased significantly (P < 0.05–0.01) only in kidney and intestine. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the pollutants can induce obvious oxidative damage in the carp, and the SOD, GST and GPx might be better indicators for the oxidative damage in aquatic organisms.     

Role of dissolved humic acids in the biodegradation of a single isomer of nonylphenol by Sphingomonas sp

This study shows the important role of humic acids in the degradation of ¹⁴C and ¹³C labeled isomer of NP by Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3 and the detoxification of the resulting metabolites. Due to the association of NP with humic acids, its solubility in the medium was enhanced and the extent of mineralization of nonylphenol increased from 20% to above 35%. This was accompanied by the formation of significant amounts of NP residues bound to the humic acids, which also occurred via abiotic reactions of the major NP metabolite hydroquinone with the humic acids. Gel permeation chromatography showed a non-homogenous distribution of NP residues with humic acids molecules, with preference towards molecules with high-molecular-weight. Solid state ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated that the nonextractable residues resulted exclusively from the metabolites. The chemical shifts of the labeled carbon indicated the possible covalent binding of hydroquinone to the humic acids via ester and possibly ether bonds, and the incorporation of degradation products of hydroquinone into the humic acids. This study provided evidences for the mediatory role of humic acids in the fate of NP as a sink for bacterial degradation intermediates of this compound.