Spatiotemporal dynamics of vegetation in China from 1981 to 2100 from the perspective of hydrothermal factor analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The increased growth of vegetation has the potential to slow global climate warming. Therefore, analyzing and predicting the response assessment of...     

南方丘陵区土壤重金属含量、来源及潜在生态风险评价

为了探究南方丘陵区土壤重金属污染特征及生态风险状况,选择南方某省丘陵区作为研究区,利用2017年采集的60个点位的土壤样品,采用单因子污染指数（P_i）、内梅罗综合污染指数（P_综）和潜在生态风险指数（RI）评估As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn这8种重金属含量特征和潜在生态风险程度,并利用正定矩阵因子分解模型（PMF）解析其污染来源.结果表明：①研究区8种重金属元素的含量均有超标,内梅罗综合污染指数显示,研究区呈现轻度、中度和重度污染所占的比例分别为63%、8%和2%,无污染和轻微污染的样点占27%,因此基本处于轻度污染;②综合潜在生态风险指数表明,土壤重金属RI为39.58~224.15,低等和中等生态风险的样点所占的比例为73.33%和25%,而重度生态风险的样点所占比例为1.67%,该样点生态风险程度虽然最高,但重金属含量低于该省土壤元素背景值;③通过PMF模型得到6个污染源：自然源、农业活动源、铜矿采选和交通运输组成的混合源、工业活动源、交通源和生活垃圾排放源,贡献率依次为24.8%、17.7%、17.7%、17.6%、12.0%和10.2%.     

江苏沿海地区的相对海平面上升及其灾害性影响研究

江苏海岸是全国潮滩最集中分布区，其面积约占全国的１／４，沿海地区地势低平，相对海平面上升幅度较大，是全国少数几个受海平面上升危害最严重的地区之一。初步估算，２１世纪前半期该地区不同岸段相对海平面上升速率将可能达到４．５～９．５ｍｍ／ａ，约为同期全球平均上升速率的２～３倍。其灾害性影响主要集中在：①造成堤外潮滩湿地资源损失，相对海平面上升５０ｃｍ，因直接淹没、侵蚀加剧和淤涨减缓造成的潮滩损失面积将超过５×１０４ｈｍ２，湿地损失面积达２．４×１０４ｈｍ２；②降低海堤防御标准、危及海堤自身和受保护地区安全，相对海平面上升５０ｃｍ，该地区现有海堤防御标准将由现状５０～１００年一遇降为２０～５０年一遇；遇５０年一遇风暴高潮位，全区受潮水漫溢的海堤长度将比现状增加１７３ｋｍ以上，占海堤总长的１／４；③阻碍低洼地的洪水排泄、加剧洪涝灾害损失，相对海平面上升４０ｃｍ，苏北里下河和苏南太湖湖东两片洼地的自然排水能力将可能分别下降约２５％和２０％，若两洼地分别重现１９９１年型和１９５４年型洪水，则因海平面上升增加的受淹面积将超过４×１０４ｈｍ２     

石窟文物病害成因分析及其对策研究

本文在概述石窟寺主要病害的基础上，结合典型灾例，从气象气候因素、地震活动、水文特征、环境工程地质条件、石窟寺结构和龛内文物自身的特殊性以及人类社会行为因素等６个方面详细分析了石窟文物病害形成的内部作用因素和外部环境条件，强调了综合减灾的重要性，并提出了相应的减灾对策。本文旨在为石窟寺的科学保护和文物修复工作提供理论基础和实践依据     

氨法脱硫技术在烧结烟气治理领域应用研究

LS氨法烟气脱硫技术是一种在传统基础上进行改进的湿法烟气脱硫技术。以66 m2烧结机烟气治理方案为例,分析LS氨法烟气脱硫技术各项技术指标,同时对该方法脱硫技术特点、经济运行进行全面分析。通过论述得出结论,LS氨法烟气脱硫技术是一种适合于冶金行业烧结机烟气治理的一项湿法技术。     

一种新型旋风气幕式排风罩数值模拟研究

利用Fluent计算流体力学软件对新型旋风气幕式排风罩工作流场及有害物分布进行了数值模拟,并与传统排风罩进行了对比。结果表明:旋转射流屏蔽作用下的抽吸流场具有中部压力较低和提高抽吸能力的作用;新型旋风气幕式排风罩不仅能有效地控制有害物扩散,而且可以实现远距离捕集有害物及以较小的排风速度排放有害物。     

Soil erosion hazard evaluation—An integrated use of remote sensing,GIS and statistical approaches with biophysical parameters towards management strategies

Soil erosion hazard maps can be an essential tool in erosion prone areas as they explain and display the distribution of hazards and areas likely to be affected to different magnitudes. Therefore, it is very useful to planners and policy makers initiating remedial measures and for prioritizing areas. In this study, a numerical model was developed for soil erosion hazard assessment, in which Z-score analysis was combined with a geographical information system (GIS) to compute a synthetic soil erosion hazard index (SEHI). For this model, nine factors which have notable impact on soil erosion were selected. To generate the selected factors remote sensing, analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and GIS techniques along with spatial models were applied. To standardize all of the factors and establish the factor weights, the AHP method was adopted. For Z-score analysis with selected standardized factors, the Integrated Land and Water Information System (ILWIS) software was used and nine individual layers with Z-scores were prepared. Afterwards, the layers were integrated with their factor weights by means of a weighted linear combination to derive a SEHI value for each pixel. To classify the discrete SEHI map to represent a meaningful regionalization of soil erosion hazard, the equal distance cluster principle was used and graded into four levels of hazard; very high, high, moderate and low. The results depicted that in general, a moderate hazardous condition of soil erosion was found in the study area and the proposed approach was also able to identify the areas under high and very high hazards that require urgent intervention on a priority basis. Based on this study, comprehensive erosion hazard management strategies were anticipated for the efficient management of present and future erosion disaster in the area.     

风速测量仪器的动力学性能研究

探讨了几种风速测量仪器的测头平面法线和来流方向成某一角度时 ,产生的测量偏差的大小     

Overestimate of remediation efficiency due to residual sodium persulfate in PAHs contaminated soil and a solution

Oxidation remediation is a commonly used technology for PAHs contaminated soil presently,but the overestimate of efficiency due to ongoing remediation by residual oxidants during extraction and testing has not been paid enough attention.In this study,persulfate was activated by Fe（Ⅱ） to inve stigate the effects of residual oxidants on PAHs removal during detection process and the elimination effects of adding Na₂ SO₃ and extending sampling time on residual oxidants.Results ...     

杭州市大气总悬浮颗粒物中酞酸酯的污染

用大流量采样器采集了杭州市１月份和７月份不同功能区大气中的ＴＳＰ,然后用ＨＰＬＣ其中的酞酸酯含量,结果检出有ＤＭＰ、ＤＢＰ和ＤＥＨＰ,其中１月份ＤＢＰ含量最高,７月份ＤＥＨＰ含量最高。