燃料电池法去除空气中的CO2

：以Ｐｔ／Ｃ作电极，石棉作电池隔膜，组装成去除ＣＯ２用电池，试验了各种工作条件对电池性能的影响。实验结果证明了电化学方法去除空气中ＣＯ２的可行性。     

RF内星轮(闭式)精密温锻工艺

叙述了RF内星轮塑性变形的工艺分析,提出了RF内星轮制造的(闭式)精密温锻工艺,阐明了新技术取代旧工艺的优点.     

New insights into the toxic interactions of polyvinyl chloride microplastics with bovine serum albumin

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The binding interaction between emerging pollutant polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVC MPs) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by...     

啶虫脒在甘蓝和土壤中的残留消解动态研究

采用田间试验及气相色谱检测方法,研究了啶虫脒在甘蓝(Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata L.)和土壤中的残留消解动态.结果表明,啶虫脒在甘蓝和土壤中消解较快.在甘蓝中半衰期为1.4～1.6 d,药后3d消解90%以上;在土壤中的半衰期为1.8～1.9 d,药后7 d消解90%以上.3%啶虫脒可湿性粉剂,45、22.5 g·hm-2,施药2次,药后3、5、7 d苹果和土壤中残留量均小于2 mg·kg-1.     

接种对厌氧消化产气的影响研究进展

厌氧消化是一种高效的废物处理方法,接种是影响厌氧消化能否成功启动的重要因素。文章从接种物的种类、接种量两方面讨论了接种对厌氧消化产气的影响,包括对厌氧产气量、产气速率和产甲烷速率的影响,指出以猪粪为底物时,一定接种量范围内,厌氧消化的产气率和甲烷产率随接种量的增加而增大,而当接种量过大时,产气率和甲烷产率反而随着接种量的增大而减小。最后,对接种对厌氧消化影响的研究作了展望。     

新一代大气污染估算模式AERSCREEN对比分析研究

HJ 2.2—2008《环境影响评价技术导则:大气环境》规定大气环评工作采用估算模式(SCREEN3)来确定评价等级,而进一步预测模式AERMOD的实际预测结果与SCREEN3的估算结果并不完全一致。新一代估算模式AERSCREEN耦合了AERMOD的相关内核(AERMOD、AERMAP、BPIPPRM),能快速计算污染源在最不利的气象条件下的浓度结果。为了解不同估算模式的差异,采用平坦地形、不同下垫面、不同污染源参数条件下的案例,对比估算模式AERSCREEN与SCREEN3的计算结果,并分析估算模式与AERMOD预测结果的一致性。     

昆明市清水海水源保护区生态补偿机制探讨

就昆明市清水海水源区生态补偿机制进行探讨,以期为生态补偿机制的建立提供借鉴。生态补偿理论结合清水海水源区实际分析。补偿主体是国家、受水区的企业和居民,客体是水资源和生态环境的保护者,以及牺牲发展机会的企业和居民;补偿标准以费用分析法计算,包括水资源保护、水源林建设和管理等方面的投入;补偿方式近期以输血型和造血型补偿结合,远期逐步向生态造血型补偿转变;优先补偿效率高的污染防治措施、退耕还林和测土配方,其次为产业结构调整和水资源管理;补偿时限结合补偿取得的成效、水源区生态产业发展和生态质量状况来确定;补偿资金以政府财政为主、市场为辅。结果表明:应结合清水海的实际,确定生态补偿的主客体、方式、标准和时限,建立生态补偿的保障机制,加强对补偿资金的监管。进一步开展定量化研究,完善清水海水源区生态补偿基础研究,促进生态补偿机制的建立。     

臭氧和Fenton试剂处理石化电脱盐废水研究

利用臭氧和Fenton试剂对某石化炼油厂电脱盐废水进行了处理.结果表明:经臭氧处理后COD去除率为51.10％;用Fenton试剂处理经臭氧氧化后的电脱盐废水,效果最好,COD去除率提高到84.61％;用臭氧和Fenton试剂联合处理时,COD去除率为77.95％;这3种方法都能减轻该种废水的后续处理压力,其中第2种方法效果最好.     

重庆市次级河流整治的主要举措、存在问题及建议研究

近年来,重庆市将次级河流综合整治工作作为一项“重过程、重民生、重实效”的系统工程来抓,次级河流整治取得明显成效.但也面临一些问题,如污水处理基础设施仍不完善,农村面源污染局面未根本扭转,水污染防治长效管理机制不健全等.在此基础上提出以下建议,一是加强流域规划控制和管理;二是统筹实施次级河流整治项目;三是建立完善跨界河流上、下游联动工作机制;四是探索建立生态补偿机制.     

Assessment of the sources and transformations of nitrogen in a plain river network region using a stable isotope approach

The great spatial and temporal variability in hydrological conditions and nitrogen(N)processing introduces large uncertainties to the identification of N sources and quantifying N cycles in plain river network regions. By combining isotopic data with chemical and hydrologic measurements, we determined the relative importance of N sources and biogeochemical N processes in the Taige River in the East Plain Region of China. The river was polluted more seriously by anthropogenic inputs in winter than in summer. Manure and urban sewage effluent were the main nitrate(NO-3) sources, with the nitrification of N-containing organic materials serving as another important source of NO-3. In the downstream, with minor variations in hydrological conditions, nitrification played a more important role than assimilation for the decreasing ammonium(NH+4-N) concentrations.The N isotopic enrichment factors(ε) during NH+4utilization ranged from- 13.88‰ in March to- 29.00‰ in July. The ratio of the increase in δ18O and δ15N of river NO-3in the downstream was 1.04 in January and 0.92 in March. This ratio indicated that NO-3assimilation by phytoplankton was responsible for the increasing δ15N and δ18O values of NO-3in winter. The relationships between δ15N of particulate organic nitrogen and isotopic compositions of dissolved inorganic nitrogen indicated that the phytoplankton in the Taige River probably utilized NH+4preferentially and mainly in summer, while in winter, NO-3assimilation by phytoplankton was dominant.