超声-紫外光协同催化体系降解水中菲

以纳米TiO_2为催化剂,采用超声-紫外光协同催化体系降解水中菲,并考察了菲降解率的影响因素。实验结果表明:不同类型TiO_2对菲降解率的大小顺序为锐钛矿型TiO_2P25型TiO_2金红石型TiO_2;超声-紫外光协同催化体系对菲的降解率大于单独超声体系或紫外光催化体系,且均遵从一级反应动力学规律;在超声频率为60k Hz、声强为0.233 W/cm2、TiO_2投加量为0.06 g/L、pH为4.0、H_2O_2浓度为19.59 mmol/L的条件下降解75 min后,超声-紫外光协同催化体系对初始质量浓度为0.96 mg/L的菲的降解率可达76.78%。     

Scientometric analysis of coastal eutrophication research during the period of 1993 to 2008

No studies were reported on the field of coastal eutrophication research by using bibliometrics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the coastal eutrophication research performance based on all the related articles in Science Citation Index databases from 1993 to 2008. Document type, publication output, authorship, keywords, publication pattern, country, and institute of publication were analyzed. The USA contributed 35.0% of total articles where the ten major industrial countries accounted for the majority of the total production. An indicator citation per publication was presented in this study to evaluate the impact of number of authors, institutes, countries, and journals. The mean value of citation per publication of collaborative papers was higher than that of single country or institute publications. Collaboration trend was toward multi-authors, multi-institutes and multi-countries papers. This was coincident with the research trends of coastal eutrophication, which was thought to be a component of global change. Additionally, keywords analysis was used to indicate the formation and shift of hot research.     

Interactions between tannins allelochemicals and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of Microcystis aeruginosa

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The protective mechanism of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) secreted by a harmful cyanobacteria against tannins allelochemicals was explored...     

Hydraulic conductivity of compacted manufactured sand tailings–bentonite mixtures: a new hydraulic barrier material

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The valorization of manufactured sand tailings (MST) with annual production of 4 billion tons is crucial to the healthy development of manufactured...     

The onset of natural convection in lakes and reservoirs due to night time cooling

A theoretical model, based on linear stability analysis, is proposed to predict the onset of natural convection in lakes and reservoirs due to night time cooling. To such purpose, the system was modelled as a initially quiescent deep Boussinesq fluid reservoir, whose upper boundary temperature changes sinusoidally. From scaling analysis, it is found that critical onset times for convection are proportional to R ^−2/7, where R is a Rayleigh number including fluid properties and forcing frequency. The proportionality constant was found, from the solution of an eigenvalue problem, as a function of the Prandtl number. The onset time for convection was easily observed from experiments and quantitatively detected as a rapid increase of the RMS of the computed velocity field obtained using PIV. In this controlled conditions, differences close to 10% between predicted and observed times for the start of the convective flow was found. It is apparent from the present set of results that predictions are reasonable.     

A historical record of trace metal deposition in northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau for the last two centuries

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Owing to rapid socio-economic development in China, trace metal emissions have increased and lakes even in remote areas have experienced marked...     

基于改进蒙特卡罗方法的再生水回用健康风险评价

传统的健康风险评价主要是进行单值点计算的确定性评价,为了解决再生水回用对人体健康风险影响的不确定性,利用Logistic混沌系统方法来产生可靠、简单、高效的随机数,进而改进传统蒙特卡罗方法中利用线性同余产生随机数的方法,以提高随机数输入的可靠性程度,最终提出了一种基于改进蒙特卡罗算法的再生水回用健康风险评价方法.最后,以西安市某污水处理厂再生水中的风险指标(As、Cd、Cr、Mn、Pb和Zn)为研究对象进行蒙特卡罗模拟计算.结果表明,各指标满足终生可接受风险水平的概率分别为97.25%、93.48%、97.86%、98.69%、97.13%和96.38%,影响各指标进入人体的单位体重日均暴露剂量和终生风险水平的主要因素为污染物浓度和胃肠吸收因子.研究结果可为再生水回用的不确定性健康风险评价提供一定的依据.     

海洋卡盾藻（香港株）溶血活性特征研究

研究了海洋卡盾藻香港株（Chattonella marina,Hong Kong strain,CMHK）在不同生长阶段和营养条件下的溶血活性特征.根据海洋卡盾藻的生长曲线,分别收集对数生长期、稳定期、衰亡期的藻细胞进行溶血毒性的测定;采用不同营养元素结构的培养基对CMHK进行培养,对不同培养条件下的藻细胞进行溶血活性...     

球形红细菌去除和转化铅的机理研究

通过X-射线衍射光谱分析,球形红细菌(Rhodobacter sphaeroides)H菌株对铅离子的转化产物为硫化铅.H菌株在不同浓度Pb2 中培养后,研究了该菌株生长细胞对Pb2 去除的动力学和该菌体产生半胱氮酸脱巯基酶活性的变化,用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法分析了其同工酶谱.结果表明,Pb2 浓度为25～150 mg·L-1时,去除速率常数k较大,半衰期T1/2较短,去除率较高;Pb2 浓度为75、100和150 mg·L-1时,对H菌株产生半胱氨酸脱巯基酶活力有明显的促进作用,Pb2 浓度为200 mg·L-1时,对该酶活力有抑制作用.该菌体细胞及亚细胞组分中铅含量测定结果显示,94%的Pb2 分布于细胞壁和细胞质内,仅少量存在于细胞膜上,并结合透射电镜观察和红外光谱分析,证明了该H菌株对铅离子去除和转化是在细胞质内进行的.     

炭化污泥吸附染料的性能及其在处理印染废水中的应用

采用等温吸附实验,比较研究了活性炭和炭化污泥染料吸附特性.结果表明,活性炭和炭化污泥对次甲基蓝、酸性大红GR、碱性紫3种染料的等温(25±2℃)吸附曲线可用Langmuir或Freundlich方程来描述,回归系数为0.94～0.99,达到极显著水平(P＜O.01).根据Langmuir方程计算得出,炭化污泥对次甲基蓝...