UASB和MBR组合工艺处理生活垃圾焚烧发电厂渗滤液

以江苏某处理规模为150 m3/d垃圾焚烧发电厂渗滤液处理工程为例,介绍了升流式厌氧污泥反应床(UASB)和膜生化反应器(MBR)组合处理工艺在焚烧厂渗滤液处理中的应用情况。工艺首先采用厌氧工艺降低处理水体的有机物负荷,在水体中有机污染物浓度得到一定降低的条件下,采用MBR工艺进一步降低水体中的氨氮和有机污染物浓度。经过处理后,出水CODCr可降低至1 g/L以下,出水氨氮低于25 mg/L。     

地下水曝气理论模型研究进展

地下水曝气(Air Sparging,AS)是修复饱和土壤及地下水有机污染的有效技术.AS多相流动过程中气液流动以及污染物传质过程的模型研究是AS技术的关键因素,详细介绍了近年来AS系统的理论模型方法及研究进展,并对其效果进行评价.     

氧化锌脱硫技术研究进展

在分析了无机硫化物、有机硫化物脱硫机理的基础上,着重探讨了氧化锌脱硫技术存在的问题及国内外的研究现状。针对氧化锌脱硫剂在中温、高温脱硫时稳定性较差、低温硫容低、再生温度高导致脱硫活性下降、脱硫过程未实现无害化等问题,提出了研制纳米氧化锌脱硫剂是提高氧化锌脱硫技术水平的研究方向。     

松花江肇源段水环境问题及防治对策

松花泛肇源江段水环境问题主要是由于上游污水的流入及本地区各种废水的排泄使其地表水和地下水,特别是松花江的水质受到严重污染,同时提出保护松花江水环境的方法及对策。     

竖向土钉在基坑事故处理中的应用

在分析基坑工程事故中竖向土钉的布设形式及其作用机理的基础上,结合工程实践,应用竖向土钉支挡结构对基坑工程进行抢险加固处理,取得较好的效果,可为类似工程提供借鉴.     

Synthesis of tributyl citrate using acid ionic liquid as catalyst

Synthesis of tributyl citrate (TBC) has been studied by using acid functionalized ionic liquid as catalyst. The results indicated that acidic ionic liquids show good catalytic and reusable performance. Under the optimum conditions, using 1-methyl-3-(3-sulfopropyl)-imidazolium hydrogen sulfate as catalyst, the conversion of citric acid was 97%. After easily separated from the products the ionic liquid could be reused 13 times without any disposal, and the conversion of citric acid was not less than 93%. Therefore, an environmental friendly approach for the synthesis of tributyl citrate is provided.     

随机性混合数据评价技术的方法研究

在城市和环境规划等方案评价中,如何综合利用定性和定量信息是人们较为关注的问题。本文首先将方案评价中常见的定性信息分为三大类,并用数学式来描述各类定性信息,在此基础上,运用随机处理的方法对定性信息进行处理后与定量信息进行综合,以求得各个方案的优劣排序概率,并由此概率确定最优方案。这种方法克服了以往同类方法只能利用定性信息中的排序信息的缺点,从而使得方案评价更客观。最后,本文给出了方法应用的实例。     

电力行业节能减排途径探讨

为实现电力行业十一五节能20%,二氧化硫削减22%的行业目标,电力行业面临严峻的节能减排形势。根据清洁生产源头控制以及废弃物资源化利用的原理,介绍了七种具有明显经济效益和环境效益的节能减排技术,为电力行业清洁生产审核中节能减排方案的提出提供借鉴作用。     

Binding characteristics of Cu2+ to natural humic acid fractions sequentially extracted from the lake sediments

Humic acids (HAs) determine the distribution, toxicity, bioavailability, and ultimate fate of heavy metals in the environment. In this work, ten HA fractions (F1–F10) were used as adsorbent, which were sequentially extracted from natural sediments of Lake Wuliangsuhai, to investigate the binding characteristics of Cu²⁺ to HA. On the basis of the characterization results, differences were found between the ten extracted HA fractions responding to their elemental compositions and acidic functional groups. The characterization results reveal that the responses of ten extracted HA fractions to their elemental compositions and acidic functional groups were different. The O/C and (O + N)/C ratio of F1–F8 approximately ranged from 0.66 to 0.53 and from 0.72 to 0.61, respectively; the measured results showed that the contents of phenolic groups and carboxyl groups decreased from 4.46 to 2.60 mmol/g and 1.60 to 0.58 mmol/g, respectively. The binding characteristics of Cu²⁺ to the ten HA fractions were well modeled by the bi-Langmuir model; the binding behavior of Cu²⁺ to all the ten HA fractions were strongly impacted by pH and ionic strength. The FTIR and SEM-EDX image of HA fractions (pre- and post-adsorption) revealed that carboxyl and phenolic groups were responsible for the Cu²⁺ sorption on the ten sequentially extracted HA fractions process, which is the same with the analysis of the ligand binding and bi-Langmuir models Accordingly, the adsorption capacity of the former HA fractions on Cu²⁺ were higher than the latter ones, which may be attributed to the difference of carboxyl and phenolic group contents between the former and latter extracted HA fractions. Additionally, the functional groups with N and S should not be neglected. This work is hopeful to understand the environmental effect of humic substances, environmental geochemical behavior, and bioavailability of heavy metals in lakes.

     

曳引轮绳槽磨损检测及预防措施

本文首先分析了曳引轮绳槽的结构型式对曳引轮绳槽的磨损影响,分别从设计制造阶段、安装调试阶段、日常使用与维护保养阶段三个阶段分析了导致绳槽磨损的原因。接着给出了检查曳引绳的磨损状况、检查曳引轮绳槽的磨损状况和曳引能力的试验三种检测绳槽磨损的方法。最后针对磨损原因的三个阶段分别提出了具体的预防措施。