pH调节-Fenton试剂氧化法预处理间甲酚生产氧化废水

采用pH调节结合Fenton试剂氧化的方法对间甲酚生产氧化废水进行预处理,探讨了pH调节条件及Fenton试剂氧化条件对废水处理效果的影响。结果表明,在室温下将废水pH调节至4．0时,由于其中的部分有机污染物析出,COD可以从78000mg／L下降至61000mg／L,COD去除率达20％以上;接着在H2O2质量浓度与COD的比值为0．18、Fe^2＋与H2O2质量浓度的比值为0．267、反应时间为20min的条件下对废水进行Fenton试剂氧化处理,COD可以进一步下降至26000mg／L,COD去除率接近70％。     

光电协同催化降解水杨酸和苯胺:二氧化钛晶型的影响

以水中水杨酸和苯胺为氧化降解对象,采用光电催化方法,对比研究了其在锐钛型和金红石型2种TiO2薄膜电极上的降解行为．结果表明：1)2种有机物在锐钛型电极上的降解速率大于在金红石型TiO2上的．2)相同条件下,水杨酸在2种电极上的降解速率差别不如苯胺的明显;偏压增高时两种电极的光电催化活性逐渐缩小．3)金红石型TiO2电极具有较高的光电转换效率但其法拉第电流效率较低。     

超(近)临界流体溶剂在反应和分离技术中的应用

超(近)临界流体(S/NCF)具有可调性,通过调节压力和温度或加入共溶剂能够提高S/NCF溶剂中反应和分离的效率,使之具有可控性,有利于改善环境和提高经济效益本文以超临界CO₂和近临界水为例,总结了S/NCF溶剂在可持续反应和分离中的应用和研究进展.     

放牧对草原土壤N2O产生及微生物的影响

利用AIM乙炔抑制法,首次测试了我国内蒙古放牧和非放牧羊草草原土壤N₂O产生的微生物过程;通过分析不同类型草原土壤N₂O产生的微生物过程和相关微生物菌群的季节变化,研究了放牧行为对于草原土壤N₂O微生物产生过程的影响.放牧行为改变了土壤结构,有利于土壤微生物反硝化作用的发生,在一定程度上降低了草原土壤N₂O的排放.揭示了内蒙古草原土壤N₂O产生是以异养硝化作用过程为主的微生物过程,解释了内蒙古典型草原土壤N₂O通量较低和其季节变化的微生物学机理.     

Copper-promoted heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation of Rhodamine B over Fe3O4 magnetic nanocatalysts at mild conditions

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Rhodamine B (RhB) is used in various industries and its effluent must be effectively treated because of its harmful and carcinogenic nature. In this...     

Experiment-based investigations on the effect of ignition energy on dust explosion behaviors

Explosion behaviors of typical light metal and carbonaceous dusts induced by different ignition energies were investigated based on systematic experiments in a Siwek 20 L vessel. Comparative analysis reveals that the explosion mechanism of carbonaceous dust is the volatile combustion, whereas the mechanism for light metal dust mainly features the surface heterogeneous oxidation. Influences of ignition energy on severity and flammability limit are much more significant for carbonaceous dust than light metal, especially for the powder with less volatile. An innovative approach was introduced to derive flame thickness from the pressure–time trace. The relation between explosion induction time and combustion duration of ignitor was also analyzed. Results show inappropriate ignition energy will cause under-/over-driving in the thermodynamic/kinetic characteristic measurements. In this way, a dimensionless parameter pressure ratio was introduced to evaluate the under-driving, while two methods by using flame thickness and induction time respectively, were proposed to evaluate over-driving. To improve the accuracy of dust explosion tests, authors advocate that explosion severity determination should be conducted at the critical ignition energy. Moreover, a comparison between the European and Chinese flammability limit determination procedures was also conducted, indicating that EN 14034-3 is suitable for light metal but not for carbonaceous, while GB/T 16425 appears to be slightly conservative for both carbonaceous and light metal dusts.     

Water resource conservation promotes synergy between economy and environment in China’s northern drylands

•Considering evenness provides a more accurate assessment of sustainable development. •Water resource conservation drives industrial transformation. •Synergy between economic development and environmental protection is achieved. •Regional collaboration over water could promote sustainable development in drylands. Water resource availability is the major limiting factor for sustainable development in drylands. Climate change intensifies the conflicting water demands between people and the environment and highlights the importance of effective water resource management for achieving a balance between economic development and environmental protection. In 2008, Inner Mongolia, typical dryland in northern China, proposed strict regulations on water exploitation and utilization aimed at achieving sustainable development. Our study is the first to investigate the effectiveness and performance of these long-standing water conservation regulations. Our analyses found that the regulations drove industrial transformation, evidenced by the decreasing proportion of environmentally harmful industries such as coal and steel, and the increasing proportion of tertiary industries (especially tourism). Following industrial transformation, economic development decoupled from industrial water consumption and subsequently led to reduced negative environmental impacts. Based on these results, adaptive strategies were developed for 12 cities by revealing and integrating their development pathways and relative status in achieving sustainable development. Integration and cooperation between cities were proposed, e.g., a water trade agreement between eastern Inner Mongolia (an economically underdeveloped region with relatively abundant water resources) and central Inner Mongolia (an economically developed region with high water stress). Such an agreement may enable the holistic achievement of sustainable development across regions. By integrating the findings of our research, our study presents a reproducible framework for water-management-based sustainable development strategies in drylands.     

Effects of chelates (EDTA,EDDS, NTA) on phytoavailability of heavy metals (As,Cd, Cu,Pb, Zn) using ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper summarises a study of the application of the synthetic chelate ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and the natural chelates...     

Assessing the geographical distribution of 76 Dendrobium species and impacts of climate change on their potential suitable distribution area in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The geographical distribution of plant resources is of great significance for studying the origin, distribution, and evolution of species. Climate and...     

Goethite and lepidocrocite catalyzing different double-oxidant systems to degrade chlorophenol

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Goethite and lepidocrocite, as the main compositions of pipe deposits in the water distribution network, could be used as a catalyst for advanced...