含油污泥调剖技术在陇东油田悦29区的应用

针对长庆陇东油田悦29区注水平面矛盾突出的特点,优选了含油污泥调剖技术。详细介绍了调剖体系的配制,调剖体系性能测试表明其相关性能指标满足要求。进行了驱替模拟试验,结果表明:其封堵作用可以维持较长时间,通过对不同注水井组进行现场应用,显示该技术能改善水驱开发效果,可以满足油藏深部封堵大孔道的技术要求,有增油降水效果。     

Ambient air monitoring of PCDD/Fs and co-PCBs in Gyeonggi-do, Korea

We started the monitoring for PCDD/Fs in ambient air and soil in August 2001, and co-PCBs in January 2002. Decreasing of PCDD/Fs and co-PCBs levels in ambient air were observed. The higher PCDD/Fs levels were found in winter and lower in autumn. We found that the industrial incinerators influenced the PCDD/Fs levels in ambient air. In the 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/Fs concentration profiles, the three major congeners occupied 67% of the total mass. In case of co-PCBs, PCB#118, #105 and #77 were observed as the main congeners. Five cluster groups discriminated by ratio of four components, O(8)CDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-H(7)CDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-H(7)CDF and O(8)CDF, were obtained from HCA (hierarchical cluster analysis).     

A comparison study on high-temperature water–gas shift reaction over Fe/Al/Cu and Fe/Al/Ni catalysts using simulated waste-derived synthesis gas

A comparative study on Fe/Al, Fe/Al/Cu, and Fe/Al/Ni catalysts in high-temperature water–gas shift reaction (HT–WGS) using simulated waste-derived synthesis gas has been carried out. The metal oxide (Cu and Ni) and aluminum incorporated Fe catalysts were designed to get highly active HT–WGS catalysts. Despite the high CO concentration in the simulated waste-derived synthesis gas, Fe/Al/Cu catalyst exhibited the highest CO conversion (84 %) and 100 % selectivity to CO₂ at a very high gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 40,057 h^?1. The outstanding catalytic performance is mainly due to easier reducibility, the synergy effect of Cu and Al, and the stability of the magnetite.     

Iron improving bio-char derived from microalgae on removal of tetracycline from aqueous system

Novel magnetic carbonaceous bio-char was hydrothermal prepared from microalgae under different loadings of iron and its structures and surface chemistry were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET). The morphology of bio-char changed from sheet to particle as iron loading increased and its surface area also increased. When 3.0 g of dried microalgae and 6.0 mmol iron salt ((NH₄)₂SO₄·FeSO₄·6H₂O) were mixed and treated, the obtained bio-char possessing the highest amount of oxygen-containing functional groups resulted in the best adsorption performance on tetracycline (TC). This adsorption process was fitted to Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity was 95.86 mg/g, which is higher than other bio-char reported. The iron loading contributed to the higher adsorption capacity of bio-char, which may be due to three factors, the high surface area, more hydrogen bonding, and bridging effects of the structural Fe for TC. Our data suggest that bio-char may have more important role in stabilization of pollutants in the environment.     

Distribution and relationships of As,Cd, Pb and Hg in freshwater fish from five French fishing areas

The concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in 149 muscle samples of eight freshwater fish species (European eel, bream, common carp, European catfish, roach, perch, pike and pikeperch) from five different French fishing areas from contaminated and control sites were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after microwave digestion under pressure. No significant correlation was found between the condition factor (CF), based on the length–mass relationship, and As, Cd and Pb levels in all the samples analysed, but a positive correlation was detected between CF and Hg levels (P < 0.0001, R = 0.49). Positive correlations with body length were only found for Hg in roach (P < 0.05, R = 0.32) and Pb in bream (P < 0.05, R = 0.48) and correlations with both body weight and length were also found for Hg in pike (P < 0.05, R = 0.90 and 0.86) and Cd in European eel (P < 0.01, R = ?0.35 and ?0.37). The average content and the standard deviation in fish muscle samples was 0.007 ± 0.012, 0.102 ± 0.077, 0.142 ± 0.097 and 0.035 ± 0.053 mg kg^?1 of wet mass for Cd, As, Hg and Pb, respectively. Significant differences were established between groups of predatory fish and non-predatory fish for Hg and Pb, and between control and contaminated sites in the whole selection and also within feeding guilds, i.e. the values of Hg in the benthophagic fish were significantly different between these sites. Finally, these results were also compared for each species with previous French and European studies.     

等离子体固态可燃物液化反应动力学分析

本文利用介质阻挡放电等离子体技术,对以煤和生物质为代表的固态可燃物液化反应机理进行研究,以期探索能源利用新途径.借助碰撞理论和Boltzman方程,对高能电子碰撞引发多种离解反应的速率常数进行数值模拟,计算结果和实验曲线对比,证明模型具有一定的适用性和可靠性.在一定的电子温度下,通过不同离解反应速率常数的对比,可以判断...     

Investigation on the interaction between triclosan and bovine serum albumin by spectroscopic methods

Abstract

Multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking methods were used to study the interaction between triclosan (TCS) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The results indicated that the fluorescence quenching of BSA by TCS was due to the formation of TCS–BSA complex through static quenching. This result was also demonstrated by time-resolved fluorescence experiment. The binding constants and number of binding sites between TCS and BSA were 1.30?×?10⁵ M^?1 and 1.17 at 298?K, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters were studied in detail which suggested that hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bond played major roles in the TCS–BSA interaction. Moreover, the site marker competitive experiments and docking studies revealed that TCS could bind BSA into site I in subdomain IIA. All the results of UV–vis spectrophotometry, circular dichroism spectroscopy and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy showed that interaction between TCS and BSA induced conformation changes of BSA.     

试论中国城市公共安全规划与应急管理体系建设

1国内外公共安全形势与城市公共安全的新挑战 　　进入21世纪,国际公共安全形势日趋严峻,城市面临的灾害形势从传统的自然灾害、火灾、瘟疫等为主扩大到传统灾害和生命线系统故障、信息安全、恐怖事件等非传统灾害共同影响的情况,呈现出以下特点:重大自然灾害的发生频率、量级加大,经济损失更严重;随着工业化、现代化和城市化的发展,事故灾难以及复合型事件的影响日益突出;生物和公共卫生危机严重威胁和影响公众健康;恐怖主义威胁呈现出新型化、大规模化和强灾难性的特点;经济危机连锁反应,各种社会危机交相激荡.……     

膜生物反应器生物降解与膜分离共作用特性研究

膜生物反应器实质是生物降解与膜分离相互影响,共同作用的过程,污泥浓度与通量之间存在一定的相关关系,膜分离对生和性能尤其是细菌活性有着重要的影响,而生物反应器内细菌胞外聚合物,溶解性有机物及微细胶体可能成为形成凝胶层导致通量下降的主要因素。