阿特拉津在土壤中的生物降解研究

运用恒温培养法研究了阿特拉津在河北省白洋淀地区农田土壤中的生物降解动力学,并从中分离鉴定了土壤中降解阿特拉津的优势菌种,研究结果表明,该土壤对阿特拉津具有一定的降解能力,非生物＋生物的降解、非生物降解和生物降解的速率分别为０．０２６２ｄ＾－１,０．００５５４８ｄ＾－１和０．００８１９４ｄ＾－１,半衰期分别为２６ｄ,１２５ｄ和８５ｄ,发现土壤中降解阿特拉津的优势菌种为蜡状芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ     

pH和元素摩尔比对污泥酸化液沉淀法脱氮除磷的影响

针对剩余污泥水解酸化产生大量多糖、蛋白质和VFAs碳源的同时会有较高浓度的NH+4-N和PO3-4-P溶出的问题,考察了pH值和元素摩尔比对以沉淀法同时去除NH+4-N和PO3-4-P的影响.结果表明,最佳pH为9.0,当pH升高到10.0时NH+4-N去除率略有下降,在特定摩尔比范围内摩尔比对沉淀形成的影响大于pH值...     

3种湿地填料对水体中氮磷的吸附特性研究

针对污染水体中氮磷超标问题,以海绵铁、沸石、砾石为填料,采用等温吸附、吸附动力学模型的方法开展3种湿地填料对氮磷吸附特性研究.结果表明:(1)填料对氮和磷的吸附均能用Langmuir和Freundlich方程描述.理论上对磷的吸附量依次为海绵铁＞沸石＞砾石;对氮依次为沸石＞海绵铁＞砾石.(2)双常数、一级动力学和Elovich方程动力学模型能够较好地描述填料对氮磷的等温吸附动力学特征,其中Elovich方程对3种填料的磷的吸附动力学特征描述更准确;一级动力学方程对沸石的氮的吸附动力学特征描述最精准.(3)填料对氮磷的吸附过程呈现先快后慢的整体趋势.从对氮磷的吸附量、吸附速率看,海绵铁和沸石能够作为人工湿地的填料对污水进行处理,并且经济方面较便宜,取用方便.     

Spatio-temporal variations of nitrogen in an agricultural watershed in eastern China: catchment export, stream attenuation and discharge

Using the monthly hydrogeochemical data of ChangLe River system from 2004 to 2008, total nitrogen (TN) export load (S(n)) from nonpoint sources (NPS) to stream and in-stream attenuation load (A(L)) was estimated by the inverse and forward format of an existing in-stream nutrient transport equation, respectively. Estimated S(n) contributed 96 ± 2% of TN entering the river system, while A(L) reduced the input TN by 23 ± 14% in average. In-stream TN attenuation efficiency in high flow periods (10 ± 5% in average for the entire river system) was much lower than that in low flow periods (39 ± 17%). TN attenuation efficiency in tributaries (28 ± 16% in average) was much higher than that in mainstream (11 ± 8%). Hydrological conditions are important in determining the spatio-temporal distributions of NPS TN export, stream attenuation and discharge. Increasing the water residence time might be a practical method for mitigating stream TN.     

垃圾堆放发酵机理与应用工艺研究

对垃圾的发酵机理进行了实验研究,对渗沥液的析出量及其酸碱度、堆酵后垃圾热值的变化以及堆内温度的变化进行了观测,并对堆酵过程的机理进行了初步分析,给出了垃圾堆酵应用工艺的建议.     

改性玉米秸秆吸附Cu2+的动力学和热力学

本研究用ZnCl2作为活化剂,使用功率640 W的微波照射4 min的方法制备改性玉米秸秆。考察投加量、pH、吸附时间对吸附性能的影响,并对等温吸附特征、吸附动力学和热力学进行了系统研究。结果表明:投加量为0.2 g,pH为6,改性玉米秸秆对Cu2+具有很好的吸附效果,吸附在8 h后达到平衡。该吸附过程符合Langmuir及Freundlich等温吸附模型和准二级动力学方程,其反应的吉布斯自由能△G<0,为自发反应过程。     

一般救灾车辆的优先通行权探析

突发事件发生后,为了保障承担抢险救灾任务的一般救灾车辆在尽可能短的时间内赶赴现场,应该确立其优先通行权。在分析优先通行权概念内涵、比较应急车辆与一般救灾车辆承担的运输任务的基础上,从法律定位上明确其应享有优先通行权,并建议在相关的法律规范修订中明确承担救灾任务的一般救灾车辆应享有与应急车辆相同的优先通行权。在具体的交通组织上,提出采用警车带队编队通行的方式来实现一般救灾车辆的优先通行权。在安全保障方面,应该在相关的应急预案阶段制定一般救灾车辆操作指南,储备性能优良的一般救灾车辆,挑选受过专门训练,具有良好的业务素质、交通安全素养及身体素质的车辆驾驶人。     

Analysis of urban carbon emission efficiency and influencing factors in the Yellow River Basin

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The Yellow River Basin is an energy-rich area. The low-carbon development of the Yellow River Basin is one of the ways to achieve ecological...     

MicroRNA: a novel implication for damage and protection against ionizing radiation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Ionizing radiation (IR) is a form of high energy. It poses a serious threat to organisms, but radiotherapy is a key therapeutic strategy for various...     

Knowledge spillovers and subsequent innovation in green energy: the role of public R&D

Environmental Science and Pollution Research -