改进的二相厌氧消化系统的特性研究

研究填充酸化反应器及其与ＵＡＳＢ甲烷化反应器组成的二相厌氧消化系统的运行特性,填充酸化反应器启动方便酸化速率高,抗水力冲击和ｐＨ波动的能力强,ＣＯＤ容积负荷达２００ｋｇ／（ｍ＾３．ｄ）,采用预调碱工艺,二相消化运行正常,可高效地处理酿酒废水,在进为ＣＯＤ浓度１０００－７０００ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＣＯＤ负荷４０ｋｇ／（ｍ＾３．ｄ）时,出料ＣＯＤ浓度小于２００ｍｇ／Ｌ对抗生素生产废水也有较好的处理效果。     

兼氧接触工艺处理纺织印染废水的生产性试验

采用兼氧接触工艺处理纺织印染废水,该工艺具有电耗低,耐受高ｐＨ值冲击,降低ｐＨ值,降解部分有限物,提高废水可生化性的作用,生产装置进水ｐＨ８．８－１２．５,ＣＯＤ１２６６．９ｍｇ／Ｌ,兼氧接触处理出水ｐＨ７．６－１０．１ＣＯＤ８９４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＣＯＤ去除率２９．４％,出水经后续好氧处理,达到ＧＢ８９７８－８８二级新扩改排放标准。     

城市水污染物排放总量核定方法的研究

排污总量管理的首要任务是确定区域污染物排放总量。针对我国的水污染监测管理系统的现状,本文提出了一种“系统特征值核定排污总量方法”。该法以城市或城市某排污区的排污干管（或河道）输出的污染物总量实测值为基本依据,对各种排污总量的申报统计值进行正误的识别、校核与调整,汇总综合评价结果,核定排污总量及各个分量。该方法既使核定的排污总量增加科学性和准确性,又减少了核定的工作量;即使缺乏排污申报数据,也能迅速可靠地掌握城市的排污总量。该方法的有效性已在济南市应用中得到证实     

北京市燕山地区大气颗粒物中NO3－和SO42－浓度变化规律及其与O3

用ＫＢ－１２０型大气颗粒采样器采样,离子色谱法分析其中水溶性无机阴离子组分。结果表明,北京市燕山石油化工区大气颗粒物中和浓度随季节变化显著,夏季和平均浓度分别为９．４０μｇ／ｍ３和２８．２２μｇ／ｍ３;秋季分别为４．１２μｇ／ｍ３和３．８０μｇ／ｍ３。     

全球气候变化的研究与进展

论述了全球气候变化的研究目标、方法、主要科学问题及近10年来国内外的研究进展和存在的主要问题。指出中国是全球的一个组成部分,又是人类活动最为强烈的地区之一,在全球气候变化、特别是人类活动诱发的气候变化的研究中占有十分重要的地位。建议大力加强全球气候变化的研究,增加研究经费的投入,积极参与国际科学合作,把当前较为分散的研究有效地组织到一些有前景的、能出高水平成果的课题上去,为全球气候变化研究做更大的贡献。     

Understanding the patterns and processes underlying water quality and pollution risk in West–Africa River using self-organizing maps and multivariate analyses

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Rivers are dynamic systems in complex interactions with their surrounding environments. Reliable and fast interpretation of water quality is therefore...     

Blind identification of active landslides in urban areas: a new set of comprehensive criteria

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - More than 70% of catastrophic landslides were previously unknown and brought tremendous losses to human life and property in urban regions; therefore,...     

汞在喜鹊组织和器官中的分布规律

为了确定汞在喜鹊体内8种组织和器官中详细的分布规律,对采自太原南郊区７只喜鹊不同组织和器官中汞的含量进行了测定,并对其分布规律进行了研究。汞在喜鹊体内的分布规律为：肾＞股肌＞肝＞肺＞心＞胸肌＞胸骨＞股骨。经方差分析,组织间及个体间汞的含量均存在显著的差异。汞在喜鹊体内的分布为不均匀分布。肝和心中汞,肺和肾中汞等均具有明昱的正相关。同时,对喜鹊组织和器官中汞含量进行了生态和生理的比较。     

日本废弃物的管理制度与研究现状Ⅲ.日本废弃物的试验分析方法体系(C)产业废弃物的分析方法

本文简要介绍了日本产业废弃物的监测分析方法     

Human PCDD/PCDF levels near a pentachlorophenol contamination site in Tainan, Taiwan

A pentachlorophenol (PCP) manufacturing plant in southern Taiwan discontinued production in 1989. The site of the abandoned plant was heavily contaminated by PCDD/PCDFs, impurities formed in the PCP production process. Serum samples collected from 27 residents living near the deserted plant were evaluated to determine whether this contamination had associated serum levels of PCDD/PCDFs in local residents. The average level of 17 tested congeners ranged from 556 to 5240 pg/g lipid (mean, 1670 pg/g lipid). The corresponding 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxicity equivalent quotient values calculated by international toxicity equivalent factors (I-TEFs) and those recommended by WHO (WHO-TEFs) were 47.2 pg I-TEQ/g lipid and 53.4 pg WHO-TEQ/g lipid, respectively. Levels in other parts of Taiwan typically range from 15 to 20 pg WHO-TEQ/g lipid; therefore, it is likely that the heavily contaminated plant site caused these unusually high serum levels. The average PCDD/PCDF levels of 29 fish-tissue and nine soil samples collected from the sea reservoir surrounding the abandoned PCP plant were also abnormally high: 8630 pg/g lipid (985 pg WHO-TEQ/g lipid) and 606000 pg/g-sample (922 pg WHO-TEQ/g-sample), respectively. Factor analysis indicated that the congener pattern of human serum samples collected from residents living near the abandoned PCP plant different from samples collected from other areas in Taiwan without known PCDD/PCDF pollution. Similar results were observed for the fish tissue and soil samples. The current study may have discovered a "hot spot" for elevated dioxin human exposure in Taiwan. The preliminary finding has raised a public health concern in the inspected area and requires further investigations to clarify the nature of the contamination and potential impact on the local environment and human health.