表面强化层受力失效的一种判别方法

为了找到在实际应用中评价表面强化层的力学性能的量化计算依据 ,通过B Cr RE共渗技术处理后的 45钢试样的力学性能试验 ,测得了表面破损时所对应的压力 ,并利用文中提出的模型 ,得出了渗层破损时 ,基体处于屈服阶段的结论 ,并求出了渗层的抗压极限。并可利用将表面强化层与基体联合起来考虑的处理方法 ,分析其他表面强化层的不同受力状态。     

环境保护投资分析通用模型的研究

指出了目前广泛使用的环境保护投资优化模型的局限性，在分析环保投资对环境质量和环境经济效益影响特征的基础上，提出环保投资分析的通用模型，并对模型的适用性进行了讨论。     

Mercury pollution and control in China

Before 1970s the Second Songhua River and Ji Canal of China had been polluted seriously by mercury. During peak pollution period, mercury levels in water, sediment and fish body of these rivers were close to or even higher than that of famous Minamata Bay of Japan. Some residents who live near to the polluted rivers were affected and the methyl mercury values in their blood, hair and urine were higher than normal people obviously . Since the fish had decreased even vanished in these rivers, so the food chain that transfers mercury to human also was out off almostly. However, nervous symptoms of Minamata disease were discovered among fisherman who had eaten more fishes. This report relates the stories about the mercury pollution of the Second Songhua River and Ji Canal.     

Estimation of the radionuclide distribution in sediment in coast area

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｒａｄｉｏｎｕｃｌｉｄｅｓｉｎｌｏｗ ｌｅｖｅｌｒａｄｉｏａｃｔｉｖｅｌｉｑｕｉｄｗａｓｔｅ (ＬＬＷ)ｆｒｏｍｃｏａｓｔａｌｎｕｃｌｅａｒｆａｃｉｌｉｔｉｅｓｏｒｎｕｃｌｅａｒｐｏｗｅｒｐｌａｎｔｓｗｉｌｌｂｅｄｉｌｕｔｅｄ ,ｄｉｆｆｕｓｅｄａｎｄｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｃｏａｓｔａｒｅａ .Ａｎｄｔｈｅｙｗｉｌｌａｌｓｏｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｎｔｈｅｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔ.Ｈｏｗｔｏｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｒａｄｉｏｎｕｃｌｉｄｅｓｉｓａｖｅｒ…     

燃油助动车与柴油车尾气冷凝物中有机污染物的比对分析

采用毛细管柱气相色谱-质谱联用(GC／MS)及选择离子检测(SIR)技术。结合超声波回流提取和柱层析化学分组预分离的前处理方法．了解燃油助动车与柴油车尾气冷凝物中有机污染物的化学组成。在2类尾气冷凝颗粒物中分别检出234种与144种有机化合物及同分异构体。均含有已知是人类致癌物的4～6环多环芳烃，柴油车尾气中苯并[a]芘含量为11—27μg／g。燃油助动车比柴油车燃烧效率更差．其尾气颗粒物对人体慢性毒性效应可能更严重。实验结果警示人们应尽快改进发动机机械性能．尤其是先天结构不甚合理的二冲程单缸发动机的燃油助动车．研究开发环保型机动车．严格控制并净化尾气有害物排放。     

利用粉煤灰合成沸石处理重金属污水研究

本研究中利用粉煤灰合成沸石对含有Cu^2 、Pb^2 、Cd^2 的制备水样进行批处理振荡实验，其吸附容量分别为9．56、0．89和0．25mg／l。实验证明，用合成沸石处理含重金属离子污水达到平衡所需的时间约为3h。对污水中重金属离子的去除率随pH值降低而降低，随沸石用量增加而增加。同等条件下，利用粉煤灰处理含Cu^2 的污水，其吸附容量仅为6．49mg／l，低于合成沸石。     

应用计算机评价铁灭克农药对地下水污染的影响

研究了铁灭克农药(Aldicarb)对地下水污染的影响,同时用美国环保局提供的PRZM模型进行模拟.结果表明,田间试验的实测值与PRZM的模拟值吻合良好.在本试验条件下,棉田使用铁灭克对地下水无污染影响.研究表明,PRZM模型可以用来模拟铁灭克农药在其它平原地区使用时对地下水的影响。     

痕量铬的吸附溶出伏安法测定及其形态分析

研究了Cr~(3+)—PAR配合物的吸附伏安特性,建立了痕量Cr~(3+)的吸附溶出伏安测定方法。对武汉市沙湖水中铬的主要形态进行了分离和测定,提出了简易的分离系统。     

Adverse effects of triclosan on kidney in mice: Implication of lipid metabolism disorders

Triclosan (TCS) is a ubiquitous antimicrobial used in daily consumer products. Previous reports have shown that TCS could induce hepatotoxicity, endocrine disruption, disturbance on immune function and impaired thyroid function. Kidney is critical in the elimination of toxins, while the effects of TCS on kidney have not yet been well-characterized. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of TCS exposure on kidney function and the possible underlying mechanisms in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were orally exposed to TCS with the doses of 10 and 100 mg/(kg•day) for 13 weeks. TCS was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted by corn oil for exposure. Corn oil containing DMSO was used as vehicle control. Serum and kidney tissues were collected for study. Biomarkers associated with kidney function, oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis were assessed. Our results showed that TCS could cause renal injury as was revealed by increased levels of renal function markers including serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and uric acid, as well as increased oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic markers in a dose dependent manner, which were more significantly in 100 mg/(kg•day) group. Mass spectrometry-based analysis of metabolites related with lipid metabolism demonstrated the occurrence of lipid accumulation and defective fatty acid oxidation in 100 mg/(kg•day) TCS-exposed mouse kidney. These processes might lead to lipotoxicity and energy depletion, thus resulting in kidney fibrosis and functional decline. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that TCS could induce lipid accumulation and fatty acid metabolism disturbance in mouse kidney, which might contribute to renal function impairment. The present study further widens our insights into the adverse effects of TCS.