全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4337篇 |
免费 | 391篇 |
国内免费 | 1383篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 373篇 |
废物处理 | 213篇 |
环保管理 | 399篇 |
综合类 | 2521篇 |
基础理论 | 786篇 |
污染及防治 | 1216篇 |
评价与监测 | 284篇 |
社会与环境 | 179篇 |
灾害及防治 | 140篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 19篇 |
2023年 | 105篇 |
2022年 | 231篇 |
2021年 | 209篇 |
2020年 | 209篇 |
2019年 | 171篇 |
2018年 | 198篇 |
2017年 | 224篇 |
2016年 | 203篇 |
2015年 | 214篇 |
2014年 | 320篇 |
2013年 | 448篇 |
2012年 | 396篇 |
2011年 | 385篇 |
2010年 | 323篇 |
2009年 | 329篇 |
2008年 | 319篇 |
2007年 | 273篇 |
2006年 | 242篇 |
2005年 | 192篇 |
2004年 | 123篇 |
2003年 | 160篇 |
2002年 | 115篇 |
2001年 | 98篇 |
2000年 | 100篇 |
1999年 | 78篇 |
1998年 | 79篇 |
1997年 | 61篇 |
1996年 | 64篇 |
1995年 | 46篇 |
1994年 | 34篇 |
1993年 | 28篇 |
1992年 | 36篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有6111条查询结果,搜索用时 437 毫秒
951.
Liu X Sun L Yuan D Yin L Chen J Liu Y Liu C Liang Y Lin F 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(8):1324-1332
Background and purpose
More and more coal-fired power plants equipped with seawater flue gas desulfurization systems have been built in coastal areas. They release large amount of mercury (Hg)-containing waste seawater into the adjacent seas. However, very limited impact studies have been carried out. Our research targeted the distribution of Hg in the seawater, sediment, biota, and atmosphere, and its environmental transportation. 相似文献952.
Huang SW Hsu BM Su YJ Ji DD Lin WC Chen JL Shih FC Kao PM Chiu YC 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,19(7):2776-2783
Purpose
The high incidences of waterborne diseases are frequently associated with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC). DEC may pose a health risk to people who contact surface water for recreation or domestic use. However, there is no published report on the monitoring of DEC in drinking water sources in Taiwan. In this study, the occurrence of DEC genes in raw water for water treatment plants in Taiwan was investigated.Method
Raw water samples were taken from water treatment plants adjacent to the Kaoping River in southern Taiwan. Each water sample was treated with membrane filtration followed by DNA extraction from the concentrate and concentrate enrichment, respectively. The target genes for various DEC strains of genes were identified, including enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC).Results
Among 55 water samples analyzed, DEC genes were detected in 16 (29.1%) samples. Strain-specific genes for EAEC, EHEC, EIEC, and EPEC were found in the percentages of 3.6%, 10.9%, 9.1%, and 9.1%, respectively. The specific gene for ETEC is not detected in the study. By looking at the presence/absence of specific genes and water sample characteristics, water temperature was found to differ significantly between samples with and without EHEC gene. In addition, pH levels differed significantly for EHEC and EPEC presence/absence genes, and turbidity was significantly different for water with and without EPEC genes.Conclusion
DEC genes were detected in 29.1% of the raw water samples in the study location. The potential health threat may be increased if the treatment efficiencies are not properly maintained. Routine monitoring of DEC in drinking water sources should be considered. 相似文献953.
Chlortoluron chlorination is studied in the pH range of 3-10 at 25 ± 1 °C. The chlorination kinetics can be well described by a second-order kinetics model, first-order in chlorine and first-order in chlortoluron. The apparent rate constants were determined and found to be minimum at pH 6, maximum at pH 3 and medium at alkaline conditions. The rate constant of each predominant elementary reactions (i.e., the acid-catalyzed reaction of chlortoluron with HOCl, the reaction of chlortoluron with HOCl and the reaction of chlortoluron with OCl−) was calculated as 3.12 (± 0.10) × 107 M−2 h−1, 3.11 (±0.39) × 102 M−1 h−1 and 3.06 (±0.47) × 103 M−1 h−1, respectively. The main chlortoluron chlorination by-products were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with purge-and-trap pretreatment, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-MS and GC-electron capture detector. Six volatile disinfection by-products were identified including chloroform (CF), dichloroacetonitrile, 1,1-dichloropropanone, 1,1,1-trichloropropanone, dichloronitromethane and trichloronitromethane. Degradation pathways of chlortoluron chlorination were then proposed. High concentrations of CF were generated during chlortoluron chlorination, with maximum CF yield at circumneutral pH range in solution. 相似文献
954.
Biodegradation and bio-sorption of antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs using immobilized cell process 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In the present study, the removal mechanisms of four antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine, and trimethoprim) and four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (acetaminophen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen) in immobilized cell process were investigated using batch reactors. This work principally explores the individual or collective roles of biodegradation and bio-sorption as removal routes of the target pharmaceuticals and the results were validated by various experimental and analytical tools. Biodegradation and bio-sorption were found as dominant mechanisms for the drug removal, while volatilization and hydrolysis were negligible for all target pharmaceuticals. The target pharmaceuticals responded to the two observed removal mechanisms in different ways, typically: (1) strong biodegradability and bio-sorption by acetaminophen, (2) strong biodegradability and weak bio-sorption by sulfamethoxazole, sulfadimethoxine, ibuprofen and naproxen, (3) low biodegradability and weak bio-sorption by sulfamethazine and ketoprofen, and (4) low biodegradability and medium bio-sorption by trimethoprim. In the sorption/desorption experiment, acetaminophen, sulfamethoxazole and sulfadimethoxine were characterized by strong sorption and weak desorption. A phenomenon of moderate sorption and well desorption was observed for sulfamethazine, trimethoprim and naproxen. Both ibuprofen and ketoprofen were weakly sorbed and strongly desorbed. 相似文献
955.
Adverse effects of manufactured nickel oxide nanoparticles on the microalgae Chlorellavulgaris were determined by algal growth-inhibition test and morphological observation via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results showed that the NiO nanoparticles had severe impacts on the algae, with 72 h EC(50) values of 32.28 mg NiOL(-1). Under the stress of NiO nanoparticles, C. vulgaris cells showed plasmolysis, cytomembrane breakage and thylakoids disorder. NiO nanoparticles aggregated and deposited in algal culture media. The presence of algal cells accelerated aggregation of nanoparticles. Moreover, about 0.14% ionic Ni was released when NiO NPs were added into seawater. The attachment of aggregates to algal cell surface and the presence of released ionic Ni were likely responsible for the toxic effects. Interestingly, some NiO nanoparticles were reduced to zero valence nickel as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The maximum ratios of nickel reduction was achieved at 72 h of exposure, in accordance with the time-course of changes in soluble protein content of treated C. vulgaris, implying that some proteins of algae are involved in the process. Our results indicate that the toxicity and bioavailability of NiO nanoparticles to marine algae are reduced by aggregation and reduction of NiO. Thus, marine algae have the potential for usage in nano-pollution bio-remediation in aquatic system. 相似文献
956.
Shin D Moon HS Lin CC Barkay T Nam K 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(2):509-514
A phenanthrene-degrading bacterium, Sphingomonas paucimobilis EPA505 was used to construct two fluorescence-based reporter strains. Strain D harboring gfp gene was constructed to generate green fluorescence when the strain started to biodegrade phenanthrene. Strain S possessing gef gene was designed to die once phenanthrene biodegradation was initiated and thus to lose green fluorescence when visualized by a live/dead cell staining. Confocal laser scanning microscopic observation followed by image analysis demonstrates that the fluorescence intensity generated by strain D increased and the intensity by strain S decreased linearly at the phenanthrene concentration of up to 200 mg/L. Such quantitative increase and decrease of fluorescence intensity in strain D (i.e., from 1 to 11.90 ± 0.72) and strain S (from 1 to 0.40 ± 0.07) were also evident in the presence of Ottawa sand spiked with the phenanthrene up to 1000 mg/kg. The potential use of the reporter strains in quantitatively determining biodegradable or toxic phenanthrene was discussed. 相似文献
957.
958.
959.
960.
初始pH值对磷酸盐还原除磷的影响研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以超高盐(盐度7%,以NaCI计)高磷榨菜废水为研究对象,考察了初始pH值对磷酸盐还原进程的影响。实验结果表明,初始pH值对磷酸盐还原除磷效能影响显著。初始pH为8时,磷酸盐还原除磷率达到最高,平均值为65.45%。同时,初始pH值还会影响污泥中活性磷的形成以及基体对磷化氢的吸附。此外,偏碱性有利于磷形态转化,且BD-P(主要是一些可溶性的、还原性强的、带有Fe-P化合物的集合)含量的高低调控着生物膜内间隙水中溶解态可反应性磷(DRP)和可还原水溶态磷(RSP)含量,最终决定着磷酸盐还原进程。随着初始pH值的升高,污泥对磷化氢的吸附能力降低导致污泥中结合态磷化氢(MBP)含量不断减少。 相似文献