固定化脱色菌－活性污泥的脱色性能研究

将所筛选的高效脱色菌群,采用聚集－交联法固定在活性污泥上,形民絮状立体网状微观结构。固定化脱色菌－活性污泥的脱色酶活力较未经固定的活性污泥提高７０％左右。经厌氧条件下处理针织厂印染废水,色度平均去降率为７７．３％,ＣＯＤＣｒ平均去除率为６５．１％。     

温度、氨对鲢、鳙、草、鲤鱼的影响

为制定热排放标准的需要,用动态实验和静态实验方法研究了热冲击与氨对鲢、鳙、草、鲤鱼的急性和亚急性效应。结果表明：选择温度与起始致死温度（TL₅₀）值随着驯化温度的升高而增大,鳙鱼对热冲击的反应较敏感。氨对鲢、鳙、鲤鱼的急性毒性（96h）LC₅₀值分别为0.38、0.30、0.66mgNH₃/L（非离解氨）。水温升高5℃,鲤鱼的（96h）LC₅₀。值从0.66mgNH₃/L下降到0.44mgNH₃/L,热冲击明显提高了氨对鲤鱼的毒性。氨对鲤鱼的亚急性毒性结果表明,鳃、肝组织出现了病理改变。以上室内实验结果可作为评价监测热污染水质的科学依据。     

含膦羧酸共聚物的阻垢缓蚀剂在燃煤电厂灰水回收系统稳定处理的应用研究

本文总结介绍了含膦羧酸共聚物ＴＳ－６１７组份的阻垢缓蚀剂的在灰水回收系统中稳定处理的实验方法及情况。     

飞灰颗粒物介导活性氧氧化损伤与金属离子浸取浓度的关系研究

本文利用脱氧核糖氧化法考察了飞灰颗粒物氧化能力与络合剂及盐酸浸取颗粒物上金属浓度的关系。结果表明,代表氧化损伤程度指标的脱氧核糖氧化物,通过硫代巴比妥酸似丙二醛加合物显色反应,其吸光度值与飞灰颗粒物被浸取剂盐酸及氨三乙酸作用后的金属离子铁、锌、镉、铅和锰的浓度显著相关。基于铁在自然环境中的高含量及在活性氧催化反应中的特殊性,本文认为二乙三氨五乙酸、乙二胺四乙酸及柠檬酸浸取液中的金属浓度不能很好地表     

660MW锅炉燃烧优化调整试验研究

针对某电厂1号锅炉燃烧器改造后锅炉结焦、飞灰及炉渣可燃物含量高、锅炉效率低等问题,在对锅炉结焦原因深入分析的基础.上,进行了燃烧优化调整试验。通过采取降低一次风压、降低煤粉细度等措施,炉内结焦得到了有效控制,飞灰、炉渣可燃物含量从10.37%、4.75%降低至2.99%、0.91%。结果表明:优化调整试验效果明显,煤粉细度、一次风速均可控在合适范围之内,锅炉效率显著提高,有效防止了炉内结焦现象的发生,提高了锅炉运行的安全性和经济性。     

Mechanism of complexation of toxic arsenate,selenate, and molybdate with hydrotalcites

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Wastewater from the uranium mining industry contains toxic arsenate (AsO43–), selenate (SeO42–), and molybdate (MoO42–) that can be removed by...     

Synthesis of branched allylic sulfones by regioselective boron-catalysed hydrosulfonylation

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Branched allylic sulfones are scaffolds widely distributed in bioactive molecules and organic functional materials. The synthesis of allylic sulfones has been...     

Highly efficient and selective removal of phosphate from wastewater of sea cucumber aquaculture for microalgae culture using a new adsorption-membrane separation-coordinated strategy

● A new adsorption-membrane separation strategy is used for phosphate removal. ● PVC/Zr-BT shows a selective adsorption ability to low-concentration phosphate. ● Low concentration of P below 0.05 mg/L was achieved in actual wastewater treatment. ● Algal biomass production served as a demonstration of phosphorus recycling. Enhanced phosphorus treatment and recovery has been continuously pursued due to the stringent wastewater discharge regulations and a phosphate supply shortage. Here, a new adsorption-membrane separation strategy was developed for rational reutilization of phosphate from sea cucumber aquaculture wastewater using a Zr-modified-bentonite filled polyvinyl chloride membrane. The as-obtained polyvinyl chloride/Zr-modified-bentonite membrane was highly permeability (940 L/(m²·h)), 1–2 times higher than those reported in other studies, and its adsorption capacity was high (20.6 mg/g) when the phosphate concentration in water was low (5 mg/L). It remained stable under various conditions, such as different pH, initial phosphate concentrations, and the presence of different ions after 24 h of adsorption in a cross-flow filtration system. The total phosphorus and phosphate removal rate reached 91.5% and 95.9%, respectively, after the membrane was used to treat sea cucumber aquaculture wastewater for 24 h and no other water quality parameters had been changed. After the purification process, the utilization of the membrane as a new source of phosphorus in the phosphorus-free f/2 medium experiments indicated the high cultivability of economic microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum FACHB-863 and 1.2 times more chlorophyll a was present than in f/2 medium. The biomass and lipid content of the microalgae in the two different media were similar. The innovative polyvinyl chloride/Zr-modified-bentonite membrane used for phosphorus removal and recovery is an important instrument to establish the groundwork for both the treatment of low concentration phosphate from wastewater as well as the reuse of enriched phosphorus in required fields.     

我国土壤中重金属铜的生物配体模型的建立与应用

关于重金属污染的风险评价及其预测模型日益成为环境领域的研究热点。近年来,一种用于预测和评价环境中重金属生物毒性的机理性模型一生物配体模型(BLM)被广泛应用于水体及陆地生态系统。本研究以我国土壤的陆地生物配体模型(TBLM)建构为目标,以土壤溶液系统为媒介,通过17种土壤上重金属铜离子与大麦根长的相互作用关系,发现了土壤中Cu-TBLM的主要影响因素为Cu~(2+)、CuOH~+、Mg~(2+)以及铜离子与大麦根系表面的专性结合能力。基于模型大麦根长预测值与实测值之间的相关关系,通过数学拟合功能求得TBLM中各参数值为logK_(CuBL)=4.87、logK_(CuOH)+=7.62、logK_(MgBL)=1.91、f~(50%)=0.103、β=1.09。本研究所得到的TBLM模型能很好地预测我国土壤中铜对大麦根长的毒害程度,预测值与实测值的相关性达到了90%。本研究结果不仅可以为我们降低重金属离子生物有效性提供有力的理论借鉴,更对我国土壤环境质量保护和长期良性可持续发展具有重要意义。文160余篇。     

Dissimilatory reduction of FeIII (EDTA) with microorganisms in the system of nitric oxide removal from the flue gas by metal chelate absorption

In the system of nitric oxide removal from the flue gas by metal chelate absorption, it is an obstacle that ferrous absorbents are easily oxidized by oxygen in the flue gas to ferric counterparts, which are not capable of binding NO. By adding iron metal or electrochemical method, Fe^Ⅲ (EDTA) can be reduced to Fe^Ⅱ(EDTA).However, there are various drawbacks associated with these techniques. The dissimilatory reduction of Fe^Ⅲ(EDTA) with microorganisms in the system of nitric oxide removal by metal chelate absorption was investigated. Ammonium salt instead of nitrate was used as the nitrogen source, as nitrates inhibited the reduction of Fe^Ⅲ due to the competition between the two electron acceptors. Supplemental glucose and lactate stimulated the formation of Fe^Ⅱ more than ethanol as the carbon sources. The microorganisms cultured at 50~C were not very sensitive to the other experimental temperature, the reduction percentage of Fe^Ⅲ varied little with the temperature range of 30-50℃.Concentrated Na2 CO3 solution was added to adjust the solution pH to an optimal pH range of 6-7. The overall results revealed that the dissimilatory ferric reducing microorganisms present in the mix-culture are probably neutrophilic, moderately thermophiUc Fe^Ⅲ reducers.