改性天然高分子絮凝剂和聚合氯化铝复合沉降与絮体分形

在改性天然高分子絮凝剂(CMS)和聚合氯化铝(PAC)复合处理有机废水絮体沉降速度的实验中,用显微镜和电镜观察到絮凝物是有自相似特征的不规则形状,具有分形特征.在pH值为6.86、聚合氯化铝(PAC)加入量为80mg/L条件下,天然改性高分子药剂加入量为1.5mg/L时沉降效果最好,与单独加入PAC相比20min时平均沉降速度分别为2.6mm/min和1.7mm/min.并计算出此时复合处理形成絮凝体的分维数为1.70.     

固定床PVC燃烧脱氯的机理和试验

研究垃圾组分PVC在焚烧过程中HCl的排放和脱除特性的实验在准等温、电加热的水平石英管反应器中进行.随着床温从700℃升高到900℃,HCl的转化率从82.5%平缓增加到88.3%,而过量空气系数的增加促使部分HCl转化为C1₂(1.9%～4.5%)的形式存在.钙基吸收剂CaCO₃,Ca(OH)₂,Ca(CH₃COO)₂对HCl的脱除效率高达68%～79%,而镁基吸收剂的脱氯效率却低于3%.小的吸收剂粒径、高的Ca/Cl比会促进脱氯效率的提高;烟气中CO₂和H₂O对脱氯效率的影响与它们在反应平衡中所起作用有关.高温下燃烧固氯机理反应的平衡常数的计算不仅诠释了实验结果,而且提供了脱氯吸收剂选择的依据.     

Cooperative analysis of infrastructure perfection and residents’ living standards in poverty-stricken counties in Qinghai Province

Environment, Development and Sustainability - The western region of China has always been the main battlefield for poverty alleviation. It is essential to explore the interaction mechanism between...     

大型储油罐一次机械密封改造的安全效果

介绍了大型储油罐一次机械密封结构改造为一次机械镀锌钢板加内隔膜弹性耐腐蚀橡胶软密封后,一次机械密封与二次机械密封之间的可燃气体浓度由原来的80％LEL以上下降至10％LEL以下,大型储油罐防雷击火灾取得了较好的效果。     

Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange using ZnO/TiO2 composites

ZnO/TiO₂ composites were synthesized by using the solvothermal method and ultrasonic precipitation followed by heat treatment in order to investigate their photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) in aqueous suspension under UV irradiation. The composition and surface structure of the catalyst were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The degradation efficiencies of MO at various pH values were obtained. The highest degradation efficiencies were obtained before 30 min and after 60 min at pH 11.0 and pH 2.0, respectively. A sample analysis was conducted using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry. Six intermediates were found during the photocatalytic degradation process of quinonoid MO. The degradation pathway of quinonoid MO was also proposed.     

Ultrasound evaluation of pregnancies at risk for homozygous α-thalassaemia-1

Twenty-six pregnant Chinese women who were at risk of giving birth to a fetus affected with homozygous α-thalassaemia-1 were examined serially by ultrasound. Six of these 26 pregnancies were affected. In one third of the affected pregnancies progressive fetal ascites appeared before 24 weeks gestation and these pregnancies were terminated. In the remaining two thirds abnormal estimated fetal weight-placental volume (EFW-PV) ratio and fetal growth retardation as evidenced by a falling biparietal diameter (BPD), femur length (FL) but a normal abdominal circumference (AC) was apparent by 28 weeks gestation. Increased transverse cardiac (TC) diameter was another consistent finding but appeared late. All these features appeared before the onset of fetal ascites. A normal EFW-PV ratio and fetal growth until 28 weeks gestation was a reassuring sign of normality. Abnormal EFW-PV ratio was the earliest sign to appear in affected pregnancies and a normal ratio until 28 weeks gestation had a 100 per cent predictive value.     

利用放射性同位素115+115mCd对两种污灌土壤中不同形态镉的研究

重金属镉对作物的危害,除了与植物的种、属特性有关之外,还与镉在土壤中的形态密切相关.因此,深入研究镉在土壤中的形态,对镉污染的防治有一定的指导作用. 对于镉在土壤中形态的研究,目前的状况一是研究得还不够多,二是有关形态的分类提法不一.日本园田把镉在土壤中的形态分为全量、交换态、可给态和碱溶态,并认为污染土壤中,交换态占大部分.美国的Silvera等则把它分为水溶态、交换态、可给态和不溶态.我们把这两种提法结合起来,根据我国土壤的特点,将其分为全量、交换态、可给态、碱溶态和水溶态来研究。     

浅谈电梯导轨隔振降噪的实践研究

现代高层住宅建筑中,电梯井道与住户分隔墙体常为同一实体,使得电梯高速运行时会有较大的导轨振动噪声影响与井道共墙的相邻住户。本文论述了电梯导轨噪声的产生机理、相关技术进展,分析了部分降噪治理技术误区,并结合导轨隔振降噪治理的成功案例分析,提出正确的电梯导轨噪声治理方法。